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Type 'q()' to quit R. > x <- array(list(32.68 + ,10967.87 + ,0 + ,31.54 + ,10433.56 + ,0 + ,32.43 + ,10665.78 + ,0 + ,26.54 + ,10666.71 + ,0 + ,25.85 + ,10682.74 + ,0 + ,27.6 + ,10777.22 + ,0 + ,25.71 + ,10052.6 + ,0 + ,25.38 + ,10213.97 + ,0 + ,28.57 + ,10546.82 + ,0 + ,27.64 + ,10767.2 + ,0 + ,25.36 + ,10444.5 + ,0 + ,25.9 + ,10314.68 + ,0 + ,26.29 + ,9042.56 + ,1 + ,21.74 + ,9220.75 + ,1 + ,19.2 + ,9721.84 + ,1 + ,19.32 + ,9978.53 + ,1 + ,19.82 + ,9923.81 + ,1 + ,20.36 + ,9892.56 + ,1 + ,24.31 + ,10500.98 + ,1 + ,25.97 + ,10179.35 + ,1 + ,25.61 + ,10080.48 + ,1 + ,24.67 + ,9492.44 + ,1 + ,25.59 + ,8616.49 + ,1 + ,26.09 + ,8685.4 + ,1 + ,28.37 + ,8160.67 + ,1 + ,27.34 + ,8048.1 + ,1 + ,24.46 + ,8641.21 + ,1 + ,27.46 + ,8526.63 + ,1 + ,30.23 + ,8474.21 + ,1 + ,32.33 + ,7916.13 + ,1 + ,29.87 + ,7977.64 + ,1 + ,24.87 + ,8334.59 + ,1 + ,25.48 + ,8623.36 + ,1 + ,27.28 + ,9098.03 + ,1 + ,28.24 + ,9154.34 + ,1 + ,29.58 + ,9284.73 + ,1 + ,26.95 + ,9492.49 + ,1 + ,29.08 + ,9682.35 + ,1 + ,28.76 + ,9762.12 + ,1 + ,29.59 + ,10124.63 + ,1 + ,30.7 + ,10540.05 + ,1 + ,30.52 + ,10601.61 + ,1 + ,32.67 + ,10323.73 + ,1 + ,33.19 + ,10418.4 + ,1 + ,37.13 + ,10092.96 + ,1 + ,35.54 + ,10364.91 + ,1 + ,37.75 + ,10152.09 + ,1 + ,41.84 + ,10032.8 + ,1 + ,42.94 + ,10204.59 + ,1 + ,49.14 + ,10001.6 + ,1 + ,44.61 + ,10411.75 + ,1 + ,40.22 + ,10673.38 + ,1 + ,44.23 + ,10539.51 + ,1 + ,45.85 + ,10723.78 + ,1 + ,53.38 + ,10682.06 + ,1 + ,53.26 + ,10283.19 + ,1 + ,51.8 + ,10377.18 + ,1 + ,55.3 + ,10486.64 + ,1 + ,57.81 + ,10545.38 + ,1 + ,63.96 + ,10554.27 + ,1 + ,63.77 + ,10532.54 + ,1 + ,59.15 + ,10324.31 + ,1 + ,56.12 + ,10695.25 + ,1 + ,57.42 + ,10827.81 + ,1 + ,63.52 + ,10872.48 + ,1 + ,61.71 + ,10971.19 + ,1 + ,63.01 + ,11145.65 + ,1 + ,68.18 + ,11234.68 + ,1 + ,72.03 + ,11333.88 + ,1 + ,69.75 + ,10997.97 + ,1 + ,74.41 + ,11036.89 + ,1 + ,74.33 + ,11257.35 + ,1 + ,64.24 + ,11533.59 + ,1 + ,60.03 + ,11963.12 + ,1 + ,59.44 + ,12185.15 + ,1 + ,62.5 + ,12377.62 + ,1 + ,55.04 + ,12512.89 + ,1 + ,58.34 + ,12631.48 + ,1 + ,61.92 + ,12268.53 + ,1 + ,67.65 + ,12754.8 + ,1 + ,67.68 + ,13407.75 + ,1 + ,70.3 + ,13480.21 + ,1 + ,75.26 + ,13673.28 + ,1 + ,71.44 + ,13239.71 + ,1 + ,76.36 + ,13557.69 + ,1 + ,81.71 + ,13901.28 + ,1 + ,92.6 + ,13200.58 + ,1 + ,90.6 + ,13406.97 + ,1 + ,92.23 + ,12538.12 + ,1 + ,94.09 + ,12419.57 + ,1 + ,102.79 + ,12193.88 + ,1 + ,109.65 + ,12656.63 + ,1 + ,124.05 + ,12812.48 + ,1 + ,132.69 + ,12056.67 + ,1 + ,135.81 + ,11322.38 + ,1 + ,116.07 + ,11530.75 + ,1 + ,101.42 + ,11114.08 + ,1 + ,75.73 + ,9181.73 + ,1 + ,55.48 + ,8614.55 + ,1) + ,dim=c(3 + ,99) + ,dimnames=list(c('Olieprijs' + ,'DowJones' + ,'Dummy(9/11)') + ,1:99)) > y <- array(NA,dim=c(3,99),dimnames=list(c('Olieprijs','DowJones','Dummy(9/11)'),1:99)) > for (i in 1:dim(x)[1]) + { + for (j in 1:dim(x)[2]) + { + y[i,j] <- as.numeric(x[i,j]) + } + } > par3 = 'Linear Trend' > par2 = 'Include Monthly Dummies' > par1 = '1' > #'GNU S' R Code compiled by R2WASP v. 1.0.44 () > #Author: Prof. Dr. P. Wessa > #To cite this work: AUTHOR(S), (YEAR), YOUR SOFTWARE TITLE (vNUMBER) in Free Statistics Software (v$_version), Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.wessa.net/rwasp_YOURPAGE.wasp/ > #Source of accompanying publication: Office for Research, Development, and Education > #Technical description: Write here your technical program description (don't use hard returns!) > library(lattice) > library(lmtest) Loading required package: zoo Attaching package: 'zoo' The following object(s) are masked from package:base : as.Date.numeric > n25 <- 25 #minimum number of obs. for Goldfeld-Quandt test > par1 <- as.numeric(par1) > x <- t(y) > k <- length(x[1,]) > n <- length(x[,1]) > x1 <- cbind(x[,par1], x[,1:k!=par1]) > mycolnames <- c(colnames(x)[par1], colnames(x)[1:k!=par1]) > colnames(x1) <- mycolnames #colnames(x)[par1] > x <- x1 > if (par3 == 'First Differences'){ + x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n-1,k), dimnames=list(1:(n-1), paste('(1-B)',colnames(x),sep=''))) + for (i in 1:n-1) { + for (j in 1:k) { + x2[i,j] <- x[i+1,j] - x[i,j] + } + } + x <- x2 + } > if (par2 == 'Include Monthly Dummies'){ + x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,11), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('M', seq(1:11), sep =''))) + for (i in 1:11){ + x2[seq(i,n,12),i] <- 1 + } + x <- cbind(x, x2) + } > if (par2 == 'Include Quarterly Dummies'){ + x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,3), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('Q', seq(1:3), sep =''))) + for (i in 1:3){ + x2[seq(i,n,4),i] <- 1 + } + x <- cbind(x, x2) + } > k <- length(x[1,]) > if (par3 == 'Linear Trend'){ + x <- cbind(x, c(1:n)) + colnames(x)[k+1] <- 't' + } > x Olieprijs DowJones Dummy(9/11) M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 t 1 32.68 10967.87 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 31.54 10433.56 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 32.43 10665.78 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 26.54 10666.71 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 5 25.85 10682.74 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 6 27.60 10777.22 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 6 7 25.71 10052.60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 7 8 25.38 10213.97 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 8 9 28.57 10546.82 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 9 10 27.64 10767.20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 10 11 25.36 10444.50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 11 12 25.90 10314.68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 13 26.29 9042.56 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 14 21.74 9220.75 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 15 19.20 9721.84 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 16 19.32 9978.53 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 17 19.82 9923.81 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 18 20.36 9892.56 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 18 19 24.31 10500.98 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 19 20 25.97 10179.35 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 20 21 25.61 10080.48 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 21 22 24.67 9492.44 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 22 23 25.59 8616.49 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 23 24 26.09 8685.40 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 25 28.37 8160.67 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 26 27.34 8048.10 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 27 24.46 8641.21 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 28 27.46 8526.63 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 29 30.23 8474.21 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 30 32.33 7916.13 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 30 31 29.87 7977.64 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 31 32 24.87 8334.59 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 32 33 25.48 8623.36 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 33 34 27.28 9098.03 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 34 35 28.24 9154.34 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 35 36 29.58 9284.73 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 37 26.95 9492.49 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 38 29.08 9682.35 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38 39 28.76 9762.12 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39 40 29.59 10124.63 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 41 30.70 10540.05 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 42 30.52 10601.61 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 42 43 32.67 10323.73 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 43 44 33.19 10418.40 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 44 45 37.13 10092.96 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 45 46 35.54 10364.91 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 46 47 37.75 10152.09 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 47 48 41.84 10032.80 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 49 42.94 10204.59 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 50 49.14 10001.60 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 51 44.61 10411.75 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51 52 40.22 10673.38 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52 53 44.23 10539.51 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 54 45.85 10723.78 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 54 55 53.38 10682.06 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 55 56 53.26 10283.19 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 56 57 51.80 10377.18 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 57 58 55.30 10486.64 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 58 59 57.81 10545.38 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 59 60 63.96 10554.27 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 61 63.77 10532.54 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 61 62 59.15 10324.31 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 63 56.12 10695.25 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 63 64 57.42 10827.81 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64 65 63.52 10872.48 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 65 66 61.71 10971.19 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 66 67 63.01 11145.65 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 67 68 68.18 11234.68 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 68 69 72.03 11333.88 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 69 70 69.75 10997.97 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 70 71 74.41 11036.89 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 71 72 74.33 11257.35 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 72 73 64.24 11533.59 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 73 74 60.03 11963.12 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 74 75 59.44 12185.15 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 76 62.50 12377.62 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 76 77 55.04 12512.89 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 77 78 58.34 12631.48 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 78 79 61.92 12268.53 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 79 80 67.65 12754.80 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 80 81 67.68 13407.75 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 81 82 70.30 13480.21 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 82 83 75.26 13673.28 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 83 84 71.44 13239.71 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 84 85 76.36 13557.69 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 86 81.71 13901.28 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 86 87 92.60 13200.58 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 87 88 90.60 13406.97 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 88 89 92.23 12538.12 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 89 90 94.09 12419.57 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 90 91 102.79 12193.88 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 91 92 109.65 12656.63 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 92 93 124.05 12812.48 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 93 94 132.69 12056.67 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 94 95 135.81 11322.38 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 95 96 116.07 11530.75 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 96 97 101.42 11114.08 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 97 98 75.73 9181.73 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 98 99 55.48 8614.55 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 99 > k <- length(x[1,]) > df <- as.data.frame(x) > (mylm <- lm(df)) Call: lm(formula = df) Coefficients: (Intercept) DowJones `Dummy(9/11)` M1 M2 11.917089 0.001130 -20.945328 0.382293 -3.384150 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 -6.948364 -4.691191 -4.560961 -4.328671 -2.296223 M8 M9 M10 M11 t -1.552867 0.366271 0.857324 2.307488 0.936438 > (mysum <- summary(mylm)) Call: lm(formula = df) Residuals: Min 1Q Median 3Q Max -30.9865 -7.1264 -0.0591 5.5339 40.7731 Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) 11.917089 14.185746 0.840 0.403251 DowJones 0.001130 0.001318 0.857 0.393781 `Dummy(9/11)` -20.945328 5.199131 -4.029 0.000123 *** M1 0.382293 5.688499 0.067 0.946579 M2 -3.384150 5.683693 -0.595 0.553168 M3 -6.948364 5.680549 -1.223 0.224680 M4 -4.691191 5.904899 -0.794 0.429168 M5 -4.560961 5.885013 -0.775 0.440508 M6 -4.328671 5.873888 -0.737 0.463216 M7 -2.296223 5.857311 -0.392 0.696031 M8 -1.552867 5.861558 -0.265 0.791717 M9 0.366271 5.871855 0.062 0.950410 M10 0.857324 5.858196 0.146 0.883999 M11 2.307488 5.842513 0.395 0.693882 t 0.936438 0.078526 11.925 < 2e-16 *** --- Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1 Residual standard error: 11.68 on 84 degrees of freedom Multiple R-squared: 0.8441, Adjusted R-squared: 0.8182 F-statistic: 32.5 on 14 and 84 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16 > if (n > n25) { + kp3 <- k + 3 + nmkm3 <- n - k - 3 + gqarr <- array(NA, dim=c(nmkm3-kp3+1,3)) + numgqtests <- 0 + numsignificant1 <- 0 + numsignificant5 <- 0 + numsignificant10 <- 0 + for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) { + j <- 0 + numgqtests <- numgqtests + 1 + for (myalt in c('greater', 'two.sided', 'less')) { + j <- j + 1 + gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,j] <- gqtest(mylm, point=mypoint, alternative=myalt)$p.value + } + if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.01) numsignificant1 <- numsignificant1 + 1 + if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.05) numsignificant5 <- numsignificant5 + 1 + if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.10) numsignificant10 <- numsignificant10 + 1 + } + gqarr + } [,1] [,2] [,3] [1,] 1.142766e-02 2.285531e-02 0.9885723 [2,] 4.266922e-03 8.533845e-03 0.9957331 [3,] 1.875573e-03 3.751145e-03 0.9981244 [4,] 4.476331e-04 8.952663e-04 0.9995524 [5,] 1.931982e-04 3.863965e-04 0.9998068 [6,] 2.327827e-04 4.655653e-04 0.9997672 [7,] 1.222394e-04 2.444788e-04 0.9998778 [8,] 3.183903e-05 6.367806e-05 0.9999682 [9,] 8.744020e-06 1.748804e-05 0.9999913 [10,] 2.381082e-06 4.762164e-06 0.9999976 [11,] 1.185662e-06 2.371324e-06 0.9999988 [12,] 1.035413e-06 2.070827e-06 0.9999990 [13,] 8.260342e-07 1.652068e-06 0.9999992 [14,] 2.387524e-07 4.775049e-07 0.9999998 [15,] 9.141089e-08 1.828218e-07 0.9999999 [16,] 3.634349e-08 7.268699e-08 1.0000000 [17,] 8.807268e-09 1.761454e-08 1.0000000 [18,] 2.209215e-09 4.418430e-09 1.0000000 [19,] 5.487030e-10 1.097406e-09 1.0000000 [20,] 4.361065e-10 8.722131e-10 1.0000000 [21,] 1.046231e-10 2.092462e-10 1.0000000 [22,] 2.717526e-11 5.435052e-11 1.0000000 [23,] 7.771769e-12 1.554354e-11 1.0000000 [24,] 2.214545e-12 4.429090e-12 1.0000000 [25,] 4.726851e-13 9.453702e-13 1.0000000 [26,] 1.258111e-13 2.516222e-13 1.0000000 [27,] 4.793675e-14 9.587351e-14 1.0000000 [28,] 3.989487e-14 7.978973e-14 1.0000000 [29,] 1.686234e-14 3.372468e-14 1.0000000 [30,] 1.519621e-14 3.039242e-14 1.0000000 [31,] 3.708245e-14 7.416489e-14 1.0000000 [32,] 1.524871e-14 3.049743e-14 1.0000000 [33,] 1.614785e-13 3.229570e-13 1.0000000 [34,] 1.749530e-13 3.499060e-13 1.0000000 [35,] 4.659564e-14 9.319129e-14 1.0000000 [36,] 2.106645e-14 4.213289e-14 1.0000000 [37,] 9.449632e-15 1.889926e-14 1.0000000 [38,] 4.962671e-14 9.925341e-14 1.0000000 [39,] 1.749456e-13 3.498912e-13 1.0000000 [40,] 1.317330e-13 2.634660e-13 1.0000000 [41,] 2.627146e-13 5.254292e-13 1.0000000 [42,] 6.567793e-13 1.313559e-12 1.0000000 [43,] 4.666499e-12 9.332999e-12 1.0000000 [44,] 5.543724e-12 1.108745e-11 1.0000000 [45,] 4.162142e-12 8.324283e-12 1.0000000 [46,] 3.718482e-12 7.436963e-12 1.0000000 [47,] 1.664567e-12 3.329134e-12 1.0000000 [48,] 2.675179e-12 5.350358e-12 1.0000000 [49,] 1.997777e-12 3.995553e-12 1.0000000 [50,] 1.018995e-12 2.037991e-12 1.0000000 [51,] 1.252409e-12 2.504819e-12 1.0000000 [52,] 2.222444e-12 4.444888e-12 1.0000000 [53,] 1.621473e-12 3.242946e-12 1.0000000 [54,] 2.149455e-12 4.298910e-12 1.0000000 [55,] 6.247509e-12 1.249502e-11 1.0000000 [56,] 2.126837e-11 4.253673e-11 1.0000000 [57,] 4.440227e-10 8.880454e-10 1.0000000 [58,] 3.768126e-08 7.536251e-08 1.0000000 [59,] 4.571244e-07 9.142488e-07 0.9999995 [60,] 1.303336e-06 2.606673e-06 0.9999987 [61,] 3.276360e-06 6.552719e-06 0.9999967 [62,] 1.151120e-05 2.302239e-05 0.9999885 [63,] 3.864108e-04 7.728217e-04 0.9996136 [64,] 9.783257e-04 1.956651e-03 0.9990217 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/1gg6v1229183101.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > plot(x[,1], type='l', main='Actuals and Interpolation', ylab='value of Actuals and Interpolation (dots)', xlab='time or index') > points(x[,1]-mysum$resid) > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/27igi1229183101.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > plot(mysum$resid, type='b', pch=19, main='Residuals', ylab='value of Residuals', xlab='time or index') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/3rmoj1229183101.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > hist(mysum$resid, main='Residual Histogram', xlab='values of Residuals') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/45xe51229183101.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > densityplot(~mysum$resid,col='black',main='Residual Density Plot', xlab='values of Residuals') > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/5kg5n1229183101.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > qqnorm(mysum$resid, main='Residual Normal Q-Q Plot') > qqline(mysum$resid) > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > (myerror <- as.ts(mysum$resid)) Time Series: Start = 1 End = 99 Frequency = 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7.04885974 9.34271367 12.59804675 3.51338374 1.73859933 2.21309449 7 8 9 10 11 12 -1.82686342 -4.01902943 -4.06077594 -6.66732903 -10.96923271 -8.91146718 13 14 15 16 17 18 12.54281453 10.62143776 10.14290786 6.77919811 6.27437170 5.68096041 19 20 21 22 23 24 5.97446954 6.31816518 3.21432632 1.51140776 1.03475865 2.82792980 25 26 27 28 29 30 4.38222159 6.30944676 5.38692060 5.32280103 7.08537527 8.64736004 31 32 33 34 35 36 3.14895861 -3.93424182 -6.50617139 -6.67010990 -8.16035111 -5.59666147 37 38 39 40 41 42 -9.78019205 -5.03475765 -2.81713345 -5.59043550 -6.01658986 -7.43489022 43 44 45 46 47 48 -7.93973060 -9.20651572 -7.75429687 -11.07913171 -11.01521609 -5.41935102 49 50 51 52 53 54 -5.83223016 3.42718302 1.06142881 -6.81786388 -3.72323905 -3.48021991 55 56 57 58 59 60 1.12804387 -0.22096783 -4.64276710 -2.69396414 -2.63695161 4.87405105 61 62 63 64 65 66 3.38987822 1.83521338 1.01377229 -1.02965215 3.95319599 0.86291062 67 68 69 70 71 72 -1.00314107 2.38644785 3.26876050 -0.05910236 2.17030971 3.21220689 73 74 75 76 77 78 -8.50871625 -10.37414451 -8.58729521 -8.93842683 -17.61797013 -15.62072285 79 80 81 82 83 84 -14.59942152 -11.09877272 -14.66227972 -13.55166126 -11.19646156 -13.15541346 85 86 87 88 89 90 -9.91350899 -2.12181230 12.18785879 6.76099549 8.30625676 9.13150742 91 92 93 94 95 96 15.11768459 19.77491447 31.14320422 39.20989065 40.77314472 22.16870539 97 98 99 6.67087335 -14.00528013 -30.98650645 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/626no1229183101.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > dum <- cbind(lag(myerror,k=1),myerror) > dum Time Series: Start = 0 End = 99 Frequency = 1 lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror 0 7.04885974 NA 1 9.34271367 7.04885974 2 12.59804675 9.34271367 3 3.51338374 12.59804675 4 1.73859933 3.51338374 5 2.21309449 1.73859933 6 -1.82686342 2.21309449 7 -4.01902943 -1.82686342 8 -4.06077594 -4.01902943 9 -6.66732903 -4.06077594 10 -10.96923271 -6.66732903 11 -8.91146718 -10.96923271 12 12.54281453 -8.91146718 13 10.62143776 12.54281453 14 10.14290786 10.62143776 15 6.77919811 10.14290786 16 6.27437170 6.77919811 17 5.68096041 6.27437170 18 5.97446954 5.68096041 19 6.31816518 5.97446954 20 3.21432632 6.31816518 21 1.51140776 3.21432632 22 1.03475865 1.51140776 23 2.82792980 1.03475865 24 4.38222159 2.82792980 25 6.30944676 4.38222159 26 5.38692060 6.30944676 27 5.32280103 5.38692060 28 7.08537527 5.32280103 29 8.64736004 7.08537527 30 3.14895861 8.64736004 31 -3.93424182 3.14895861 32 -6.50617139 -3.93424182 33 -6.67010990 -6.50617139 34 -8.16035111 -6.67010990 35 -5.59666147 -8.16035111 36 -9.78019205 -5.59666147 37 -5.03475765 -9.78019205 38 -2.81713345 -5.03475765 39 -5.59043550 -2.81713345 40 -6.01658986 -5.59043550 41 -7.43489022 -6.01658986 42 -7.93973060 -7.43489022 43 -9.20651572 -7.93973060 44 -7.75429687 -9.20651572 45 -11.07913171 -7.75429687 46 -11.01521609 -11.07913171 47 -5.41935102 -11.01521609 48 -5.83223016 -5.41935102 49 3.42718302 -5.83223016 50 1.06142881 3.42718302 51 -6.81786388 1.06142881 52 -3.72323905 -6.81786388 53 -3.48021991 -3.72323905 54 1.12804387 -3.48021991 55 -0.22096783 1.12804387 56 -4.64276710 -0.22096783 57 -2.69396414 -4.64276710 58 -2.63695161 -2.69396414 59 4.87405105 -2.63695161 60 3.38987822 4.87405105 61 1.83521338 3.38987822 62 1.01377229 1.83521338 63 -1.02965215 1.01377229 64 3.95319599 -1.02965215 65 0.86291062 3.95319599 66 -1.00314107 0.86291062 67 2.38644785 -1.00314107 68 3.26876050 2.38644785 69 -0.05910236 3.26876050 70 2.17030971 -0.05910236 71 3.21220689 2.17030971 72 -8.50871625 3.21220689 73 -10.37414451 -8.50871625 74 -8.58729521 -10.37414451 75 -8.93842683 -8.58729521 76 -17.61797013 -8.93842683 77 -15.62072285 -17.61797013 78 -14.59942152 -15.62072285 79 -11.09877272 -14.59942152 80 -14.66227972 -11.09877272 81 -13.55166126 -14.66227972 82 -11.19646156 -13.55166126 83 -13.15541346 -11.19646156 84 -9.91350899 -13.15541346 85 -2.12181230 -9.91350899 86 12.18785879 -2.12181230 87 6.76099549 12.18785879 88 8.30625676 6.76099549 89 9.13150742 8.30625676 90 15.11768459 9.13150742 91 19.77491447 15.11768459 92 31.14320422 19.77491447 93 39.20989065 31.14320422 94 40.77314472 39.20989065 95 22.16870539 40.77314472 96 6.67087335 22.16870539 97 -14.00528013 6.67087335 98 -30.98650645 -14.00528013 99 NA -30.98650645 > dum1 <- dum[2:length(myerror),] > dum1 lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror [1,] 9.34271367 7.04885974 [2,] 12.59804675 9.34271367 [3,] 3.51338374 12.59804675 [4,] 1.73859933 3.51338374 [5,] 2.21309449 1.73859933 [6,] -1.82686342 2.21309449 [7,] -4.01902943 -1.82686342 [8,] -4.06077594 -4.01902943 [9,] -6.66732903 -4.06077594 [10,] -10.96923271 -6.66732903 [11,] -8.91146718 -10.96923271 [12,] 12.54281453 -8.91146718 [13,] 10.62143776 12.54281453 [14,] 10.14290786 10.62143776 [15,] 6.77919811 10.14290786 [16,] 6.27437170 6.77919811 [17,] 5.68096041 6.27437170 [18,] 5.97446954 5.68096041 [19,] 6.31816518 5.97446954 [20,] 3.21432632 6.31816518 [21,] 1.51140776 3.21432632 [22,] 1.03475865 1.51140776 [23,] 2.82792980 1.03475865 [24,] 4.38222159 2.82792980 [25,] 6.30944676 4.38222159 [26,] 5.38692060 6.30944676 [27,] 5.32280103 5.38692060 [28,] 7.08537527 5.32280103 [29,] 8.64736004 7.08537527 [30,] 3.14895861 8.64736004 [31,] -3.93424182 3.14895861 [32,] -6.50617139 -3.93424182 [33,] -6.67010990 -6.50617139 [34,] -8.16035111 -6.67010990 [35,] -5.59666147 -8.16035111 [36,] -9.78019205 -5.59666147 [37,] -5.03475765 -9.78019205 [38,] -2.81713345 -5.03475765 [39,] -5.59043550 -2.81713345 [40,] -6.01658986 -5.59043550 [41,] -7.43489022 -6.01658986 [42,] -7.93973060 -7.43489022 [43,] -9.20651572 -7.93973060 [44,] -7.75429687 -9.20651572 [45,] -11.07913171 -7.75429687 [46,] -11.01521609 -11.07913171 [47,] -5.41935102 -11.01521609 [48,] -5.83223016 -5.41935102 [49,] 3.42718302 -5.83223016 [50,] 1.06142881 3.42718302 [51,] -6.81786388 1.06142881 [52,] -3.72323905 -6.81786388 [53,] -3.48021991 -3.72323905 [54,] 1.12804387 -3.48021991 [55,] -0.22096783 1.12804387 [56,] -4.64276710 -0.22096783 [57,] -2.69396414 -4.64276710 [58,] -2.63695161 -2.69396414 [59,] 4.87405105 -2.63695161 [60,] 3.38987822 4.87405105 [61,] 1.83521338 3.38987822 [62,] 1.01377229 1.83521338 [63,] -1.02965215 1.01377229 [64,] 3.95319599 -1.02965215 [65,] 0.86291062 3.95319599 [66,] -1.00314107 0.86291062 [67,] 2.38644785 -1.00314107 [68,] 3.26876050 2.38644785 [69,] -0.05910236 3.26876050 [70,] 2.17030971 -0.05910236 [71,] 3.21220689 2.17030971 [72,] -8.50871625 3.21220689 [73,] -10.37414451 -8.50871625 [74,] -8.58729521 -10.37414451 [75,] -8.93842683 -8.58729521 [76,] -17.61797013 -8.93842683 [77,] -15.62072285 -17.61797013 [78,] -14.59942152 -15.62072285 [79,] -11.09877272 -14.59942152 [80,] -14.66227972 -11.09877272 [81,] -13.55166126 -14.66227972 [82,] -11.19646156 -13.55166126 [83,] -13.15541346 -11.19646156 [84,] -9.91350899 -13.15541346 [85,] -2.12181230 -9.91350899 [86,] 12.18785879 -2.12181230 [87,] 6.76099549 12.18785879 [88,] 8.30625676 6.76099549 [89,] 9.13150742 8.30625676 [90,] 15.11768459 9.13150742 [91,] 19.77491447 15.11768459 [92,] 31.14320422 19.77491447 [93,] 39.20989065 31.14320422 [94,] 40.77314472 39.20989065 [95,] 22.16870539 40.77314472 [96,] 6.67087335 22.16870539 [97,] -14.00528013 6.67087335 [98,] -30.98650645 -14.00528013 > z <- as.data.frame(dum1) > z lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror 1 9.34271367 7.04885974 2 12.59804675 9.34271367 3 3.51338374 12.59804675 4 1.73859933 3.51338374 5 2.21309449 1.73859933 6 -1.82686342 2.21309449 7 -4.01902943 -1.82686342 8 -4.06077594 -4.01902943 9 -6.66732903 -4.06077594 10 -10.96923271 -6.66732903 11 -8.91146718 -10.96923271 12 12.54281453 -8.91146718 13 10.62143776 12.54281453 14 10.14290786 10.62143776 15 6.77919811 10.14290786 16 6.27437170 6.77919811 17 5.68096041 6.27437170 18 5.97446954 5.68096041 19 6.31816518 5.97446954 20 3.21432632 6.31816518 21 1.51140776 3.21432632 22 1.03475865 1.51140776 23 2.82792980 1.03475865 24 4.38222159 2.82792980 25 6.30944676 4.38222159 26 5.38692060 6.30944676 27 5.32280103 5.38692060 28 7.08537527 5.32280103 29 8.64736004 7.08537527 30 3.14895861 8.64736004 31 -3.93424182 3.14895861 32 -6.50617139 -3.93424182 33 -6.67010990 -6.50617139 34 -8.16035111 -6.67010990 35 -5.59666147 -8.16035111 36 -9.78019205 -5.59666147 37 -5.03475765 -9.78019205 38 -2.81713345 -5.03475765 39 -5.59043550 -2.81713345 40 -6.01658986 -5.59043550 41 -7.43489022 -6.01658986 42 -7.93973060 -7.43489022 43 -9.20651572 -7.93973060 44 -7.75429687 -9.20651572 45 -11.07913171 -7.75429687 46 -11.01521609 -11.07913171 47 -5.41935102 -11.01521609 48 -5.83223016 -5.41935102 49 3.42718302 -5.83223016 50 1.06142881 3.42718302 51 -6.81786388 1.06142881 52 -3.72323905 -6.81786388 53 -3.48021991 -3.72323905 54 1.12804387 -3.48021991 55 -0.22096783 1.12804387 56 -4.64276710 -0.22096783 57 -2.69396414 -4.64276710 58 -2.63695161 -2.69396414 59 4.87405105 -2.63695161 60 3.38987822 4.87405105 61 1.83521338 3.38987822 62 1.01377229 1.83521338 63 -1.02965215 1.01377229 64 3.95319599 -1.02965215 65 0.86291062 3.95319599 66 -1.00314107 0.86291062 67 2.38644785 -1.00314107 68 3.26876050 2.38644785 69 -0.05910236 3.26876050 70 2.17030971 -0.05910236 71 3.21220689 2.17030971 72 -8.50871625 3.21220689 73 -10.37414451 -8.50871625 74 -8.58729521 -10.37414451 75 -8.93842683 -8.58729521 76 -17.61797013 -8.93842683 77 -15.62072285 -17.61797013 78 -14.59942152 -15.62072285 79 -11.09877272 -14.59942152 80 -14.66227972 -11.09877272 81 -13.55166126 -14.66227972 82 -11.19646156 -13.55166126 83 -13.15541346 -11.19646156 84 -9.91350899 -13.15541346 85 -2.12181230 -9.91350899 86 12.18785879 -2.12181230 87 6.76099549 12.18785879 88 8.30625676 6.76099549 89 9.13150742 8.30625676 90 15.11768459 9.13150742 91 19.77491447 15.11768459 92 31.14320422 19.77491447 93 39.20989065 31.14320422 94 40.77314472 39.20989065 95 22.16870539 40.77314472 96 6.67087335 22.16870539 97 -14.00528013 6.67087335 98 -30.98650645 -14.00528013 > plot(z,main=paste('Residual Lag plot, lowess, and regression line'), ylab='values of Residuals', xlab='lagged values of Residuals') > lines(lowess(z)) > abline(lm(z)) > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/76to61229183101.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > acf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Autocorrelation Function') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/84wgv1229183101.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > pacf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Partial Autocorrelation Function') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/9ypcd1229183101.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > opar <- par(mfrow = c(2,2), oma = c(0, 0, 1.1, 0)) > plot(mylm, las = 1, sub='Residual Diagnostics') > par(opar) > dev.off() null device 1 > if (n > n25) { + postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/104oc11229183101.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) + plot(kp3:nmkm3,gqarr[,2], main='Goldfeld-Quandt test',ylab='2-sided p-value',xlab='breakpoint') + grid() + dev.off() + } null device 1 > > #Note: the /var/www/html/rcomp/createtable file can be downloaded at http://www.wessa.net/cretab > load(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/createtable") > > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Estimated Regression Equation', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > myeq <- colnames(x)[1] > myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t] = ', sep='') > for (i in 1:k){ + if (mysum$coefficients[i,1] > 0) myeq <- paste(myeq, '+', '') + myeq <- paste(myeq, mysum$coefficients[i,1], sep=' ') + if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != '(Intercept)') { + myeq <- paste(myeq, rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i], sep='') + if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != 't') myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t]', sep='') + } + } > myeq <- paste(myeq, ' + e[t]') > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, myeq) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/110tp41229183101.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/ols1.htm','Multiple Linear Regression - Ordinary Least Squares',''), 6, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'Variable',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'Parameter',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'S.D.',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'T-STAT
H0: parameter = 0',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'2-tail p-value',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'1-tail p-value',header=TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > for (i in 1:k){ + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i],header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,mysum$coefficients[i,1]) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,2],6)) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,3],4)) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4],6)) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4]/2,6)) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/122k711229183101.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Regression Statistics', 2, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple R',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, sqrt(mysum$r.squared)) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'R-squared',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$r.squared) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Adjusted R-squared',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$adj.r.squared) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (value)',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[1]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF numerator)',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[2]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF denominator)',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[3]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'p-value',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 1-pf(mysum$fstatistic[1],mysum$fstatistic[2],mysum$fstatistic[3])) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Residual Statistics', 2, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Residual Standard Deviation',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$sigma) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Sum Squared Residuals',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, sum(myerror*myerror)) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/139y371229183102.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Actuals, Interpolation, and Residuals', 4, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Time or Index', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 'Actuals', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 'Interpolation
Forecast', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 'Residuals
Prediction Error', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > for (i in 1:n) { + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,i, 1, TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,x[i]) + a<-table.element(a,x[i]-mysum$resid[i]) + a<-table.element(a,mysum$resid[i]) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/141asc1229183102.tab") > if (n > n25) { + a<-table.start() + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'p-values',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'Alternative Hypothesis',3,header=TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'breakpoint index',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'greater',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'2-sided',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'less',header=TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) { + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,mypoint,header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,1]) + a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2]) + a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,3]) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } + a<-table.end(a) + table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/15ct4z1229183102.tab") + a<-table.start() + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'Meta Analysis of Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'Description',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'# significant tests',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'% significant tests',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'OK/NOK',header=TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'1% type I error level',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1/numgqtests) + if (numsignificant1/numgqtests < 0.01) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK' + a<-table.element(a,dum) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'5% type I error level',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5/numgqtests) + if (numsignificant5/numgqtests < 0.05) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK' + a<-table.element(a,dum) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'10% type I error level',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10/numgqtests) + if (numsignificant10/numgqtests < 0.1) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK' + a<-table.element(a,dum) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.end(a) + table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/16egjd1229183102.tab") + } > > system("convert tmp/1gg6v1229183101.ps tmp/1gg6v1229183101.png") > system("convert tmp/27igi1229183101.ps tmp/27igi1229183101.png") > system("convert tmp/3rmoj1229183101.ps tmp/3rmoj1229183101.png") > system("convert tmp/45xe51229183101.ps tmp/45xe51229183101.png") > system("convert tmp/5kg5n1229183101.ps tmp/5kg5n1229183101.png") > system("convert tmp/626no1229183101.ps tmp/626no1229183101.png") > system("convert tmp/76to61229183101.ps tmp/76to61229183101.png") > system("convert tmp/84wgv1229183101.ps tmp/84wgv1229183101.png") > system("convert tmp/9ypcd1229183101.ps tmp/9ypcd1229183101.png") > system("convert tmp/104oc11229183101.ps tmp/104oc11229183101.png") > > > proc.time() user system elapsed 2.997 1.684 3.962