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Type 'q()' to quit R. > x <- array(list(2490,0,3266,0,3475,0,3127,0,2955,0,3870,0,2852,0,3142,0,3029,0,3180,0,2560,0,2733,0,2452,0,2553,0,2777,0,2520,0,2318,0,2873,0,2311,0,2395,0,2099,0,2268,0,2316,0,2181,0,2175,0,2627,0,2578,0,3090,0,2634,0,3225,0,2938,0,3174,0,3350,0,2588,0,2061,0,2691,0,2061,0,2918,0,2223,0,2651,0,2379,0,3146,0,2883,0,2768,0,3258,0,2839,0,2470,0,5072,1,1463,1,1600,1,2203,1,2013,1,2169,1,2640,1,2411,1,2528,1,2292,1,1988,1,1774,1,2279,1),dim=c(2,60),dimnames=list(c('Y','X'),1:60)) > y <- array(NA,dim=c(2,60),dimnames=list(c('Y','X'),1:60)) > for (i in 1:dim(x)[1]) + { + for (j in 1:dim(x)[2]) + { + y[i,j] <- as.numeric(x[i,j]) + } + } > par3 = 'No Linear Trend' > par2 = 'Include Monthly Dummies' > par1 = '1' > #'GNU S' R Code compiled by R2WASP v. 1.0.44 () > #Author: Prof. Dr. P. Wessa > #To cite this work: AUTHOR(S), (YEAR), YOUR SOFTWARE TITLE (vNUMBER) in Free Statistics Software (v$_version), Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.wessa.net/rwasp_YOURPAGE.wasp/ > #Source of accompanying publication: Office for Research, Development, and Education > #Technical description: Write here your technical program description (don't use hard returns!) > library(lattice) > par1 <- as.numeric(par1) > x <- t(y) > k <- length(x[1,]) > n <- length(x[,1]) > x1 <- cbind(x[,par1], x[,1:k!=par1]) > mycolnames <- c(colnames(x)[par1], colnames(x)[1:k!=par1]) > colnames(x1) <- mycolnames #colnames(x)[par1] > x <- x1 > if (par3 == 'First Differences'){ + x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n-1,k), dimnames=list(1:(n-1), paste('(1-B)',colnames(x),sep=''))) + for (i in 1:n-1) { + for (j in 1:k) { + x2[i,j] <- x[i+1,j] - x[i,j] + } + } + x <- x2 + } > if (par2 == 'Include Monthly Dummies'){ + x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,11), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('M', seq(1:11), sep =''))) + for (i in 1:11){ + x2[seq(i,n,12),i] <- 1 + } + x <- cbind(x, x2) + } > if (par2 == 'Include Quarterly Dummies'){ + x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,3), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('Q', seq(1:3), sep =''))) + for (i in 1:3){ + x2[seq(i,n,4),i] <- 1 + } + x <- cbind(x, x2) + } > k <- length(x[1,]) > if (par3 == 'Linear Trend'){ + x <- cbind(x, c(1:n)) + colnames(x)[k+1] <- 't' + } > x Y X M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 1 2490 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3266 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3475 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3127 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 2955 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 3870 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 2852 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 8 3142 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 9 3029 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 10 3180 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 11 2560 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 12 2733 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 2452 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 2553 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 2777 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 2520 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 2318 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 2873 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 19 2311 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 20 2395 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 21 2099 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 22 2268 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 23 2316 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 24 2181 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 2175 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 2627 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 2578 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 3090 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 2634 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 3225 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 31 2938 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 32 3174 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 33 3350 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 34 2588 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 35 2061 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 36 2691 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 2061 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38 2918 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39 2223 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 2651 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 2379 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 42 3146 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 43 2883 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 44 2768 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 45 3258 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 46 2839 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 47 2470 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 48 5072 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 1463 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 1600 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51 2203 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52 2013 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 2169 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 2640 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 55 2411 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 56 2528 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 57 2292 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 58 1988 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 59 1774 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 60 2279 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 > k <- length(x[1,]) > df <- as.data.frame(x) > (mylm <- lm(df)) Call: lm(formula = df) Coefficients: (Intercept) X M1 M2 M3 M4 3164.78 -433.94 -949.79 -485.19 -426.79 -397.79 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 -586.99 72.81 -398.99 -276.59 -272.39 -505.39 M11 -841.79 > (mysum <- summary(mylm)) Call: lm(formula = df) Residuals: Min 1Q Median 3Q Max -983.78 -250.19 -46.29 237.01 2341.16 Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) 3164.78 240.70 13.148 < 2e-16 *** X -433.94 163.77 -2.650 0.01094 * M1 -949.79 329.18 -2.885 0.00589 ** M2 -485.19 329.18 -1.474 0.14717 M3 -426.79 329.18 -1.297 0.20113 M4 -397.79 329.18 -1.208 0.23293 M5 -586.99 329.18 -1.783 0.08101 . M6 72.81 329.18 0.221 0.82590 M7 -398.99 329.18 -1.212 0.23154 M8 -276.59 329.18 -0.840 0.40503 M9 -272.39 329.18 -0.827 0.41215 M10 -505.39 329.18 -1.535 0.13142 M11 -841.79 329.18 -2.557 0.01384 * --- Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1 Residual standard error: 517.9 on 47 degrees of freedom Multiple R-squared: 0.3351, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1654 F-statistic: 1.974 on 12 and 47 DF, p-value: 0.04882 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/1gihz1229786306.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > plot(x[,1], type='l', main='Actuals and Interpolation', ylab='value of Actuals and Interpolation (dots)', xlab='time or index') > points(x[,1]-mysum$resid) > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/2tz9g1229786306.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > plot(mysum$resid, type='b', pch=19, main='Residuals', ylab='value of Residuals', xlab='time or index') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/34x8i1229786306.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > hist(mysum$resid, main='Residual Histogram', xlab='values of Residuals') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/4m2211229786306.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > densityplot(~mysum$resid,col='black',main='Residual Density Plot', xlab='values of Residuals') > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/54bjy1229786306.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > qqnorm(mysum$resid, main='Residual Normal Q-Q Plot') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > (myerror <- as.ts(mysum$resid)) Time Series: Start = 1 End = 60 Frequency = 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 275.012 586.412 737.012 360.012 377.212 632.412 86.212 253.812 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 136.612 520.612 237.012 -431.776 237.012 -126.588 39.012 -246.988 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 -259.788 -364.588 -454.788 -493.188 -793.388 -391.388 -6.988 -983.776 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 -39.988 -52.588 -159.988 323.012 56.212 -12.588 172.212 285.812 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 457.612 -71.388 -261.988 -473.776 -153.988 238.412 -514.988 -115.988 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 -198.788 -91.588 117.212 -120.188 365.612 179.612 147.012 2341.164 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 -318.048 -645.648 -101.048 -320.048 25.152 -163.648 79.152 73.752 57 58 59 60 -166.448 -237.448 -115.048 -451.836 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/6k0gr1229786306.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > dum <- cbind(lag(myerror,k=1),myerror) > dum Time Series: Start = 0 End = 60 Frequency = 1 lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror 0 275.012 NA 1 586.412 275.012 2 737.012 586.412 3 360.012 737.012 4 377.212 360.012 5 632.412 377.212 6 86.212 632.412 7 253.812 86.212 8 136.612 253.812 9 520.612 136.612 10 237.012 520.612 11 -431.776 237.012 12 237.012 -431.776 13 -126.588 237.012 14 39.012 -126.588 15 -246.988 39.012 16 -259.788 -246.988 17 -364.588 -259.788 18 -454.788 -364.588 19 -493.188 -454.788 20 -793.388 -493.188 21 -391.388 -793.388 22 -6.988 -391.388 23 -983.776 -6.988 24 -39.988 -983.776 25 -52.588 -39.988 26 -159.988 -52.588 27 323.012 -159.988 28 56.212 323.012 29 -12.588 56.212 30 172.212 -12.588 31 285.812 172.212 32 457.612 285.812 33 -71.388 457.612 34 -261.988 -71.388 35 -473.776 -261.988 36 -153.988 -473.776 37 238.412 -153.988 38 -514.988 238.412 39 -115.988 -514.988 40 -198.788 -115.988 41 -91.588 -198.788 42 117.212 -91.588 43 -120.188 117.212 44 365.612 -120.188 45 179.612 365.612 46 147.012 179.612 47 2341.164 147.012 48 -318.048 2341.164 49 -645.648 -318.048 50 -101.048 -645.648 51 -320.048 -101.048 52 25.152 -320.048 53 -163.648 25.152 54 79.152 -163.648 55 73.752 79.152 56 -166.448 73.752 57 -237.448 -166.448 58 -115.048 -237.448 59 -451.836 -115.048 60 NA -451.836 > dum1 <- dum[2:length(myerror),] > dum1 lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror [1,] 586.412 275.012 [2,] 737.012 586.412 [3,] 360.012 737.012 [4,] 377.212 360.012 [5,] 632.412 377.212 [6,] 86.212 632.412 [7,] 253.812 86.212 [8,] 136.612 253.812 [9,] 520.612 136.612 [10,] 237.012 520.612 [11,] -431.776 237.012 [12,] 237.012 -431.776 [13,] -126.588 237.012 [14,] 39.012 -126.588 [15,] -246.988 39.012 [16,] -259.788 -246.988 [17,] -364.588 -259.788 [18,] -454.788 -364.588 [19,] -493.188 -454.788 [20,] -793.388 -493.188 [21,] -391.388 -793.388 [22,] -6.988 -391.388 [23,] -983.776 -6.988 [24,] -39.988 -983.776 [25,] -52.588 -39.988 [26,] -159.988 -52.588 [27,] 323.012 -159.988 [28,] 56.212 323.012 [29,] -12.588 56.212 [30,] 172.212 -12.588 [31,] 285.812 172.212 [32,] 457.612 285.812 [33,] -71.388 457.612 [34,] -261.988 -71.388 [35,] -473.776 -261.988 [36,] -153.988 -473.776 [37,] 238.412 -153.988 [38,] -514.988 238.412 [39,] -115.988 -514.988 [40,] -198.788 -115.988 [41,] -91.588 -198.788 [42,] 117.212 -91.588 [43,] -120.188 117.212 [44,] 365.612 -120.188 [45,] 179.612 365.612 [46,] 147.012 179.612 [47,] 2341.164 147.012 [48,] -318.048 2341.164 [49,] -645.648 -318.048 [50,] -101.048 -645.648 [51,] -320.048 -101.048 [52,] 25.152 -320.048 [53,] -163.648 25.152 [54,] 79.152 -163.648 [55,] 73.752 79.152 [56,] -166.448 73.752 [57,] -237.448 -166.448 [58,] -115.048 -237.448 [59,] -451.836 -115.048 > z <- as.data.frame(dum1) > z lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror 1 586.412 275.012 2 737.012 586.412 3 360.012 737.012 4 377.212 360.012 5 632.412 377.212 6 86.212 632.412 7 253.812 86.212 8 136.612 253.812 9 520.612 136.612 10 237.012 520.612 11 -431.776 237.012 12 237.012 -431.776 13 -126.588 237.012 14 39.012 -126.588 15 -246.988 39.012 16 -259.788 -246.988 17 -364.588 -259.788 18 -454.788 -364.588 19 -493.188 -454.788 20 -793.388 -493.188 21 -391.388 -793.388 22 -6.988 -391.388 23 -983.776 -6.988 24 -39.988 -983.776 25 -52.588 -39.988 26 -159.988 -52.588 27 323.012 -159.988 28 56.212 323.012 29 -12.588 56.212 30 172.212 -12.588 31 285.812 172.212 32 457.612 285.812 33 -71.388 457.612 34 -261.988 -71.388 35 -473.776 -261.988 36 -153.988 -473.776 37 238.412 -153.988 38 -514.988 238.412 39 -115.988 -514.988 40 -198.788 -115.988 41 -91.588 -198.788 42 117.212 -91.588 43 -120.188 117.212 44 365.612 -120.188 45 179.612 365.612 46 147.012 179.612 47 2341.164 147.012 48 -318.048 2341.164 49 -645.648 -318.048 50 -101.048 -645.648 51 -320.048 -101.048 52 25.152 -320.048 53 -163.648 25.152 54 79.152 -163.648 55 73.752 79.152 56 -166.448 73.752 57 -237.448 -166.448 58 -115.048 -237.448 59 -451.836 -115.048 > plot(z,main=paste('Residual Lag plot, lowess, and regression line'), ylab='values of Residuals', xlab='lagged values of Residuals') > lines(lowess(z)) > abline(lm(z)) > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/76pue1229786306.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > acf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Autocorrelation Function') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/8do3e1229786306.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > pacf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Partial Autocorrelation Function') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/9ai5s1229786306.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > opar <- par(mfrow = c(2,2), oma = c(0, 0, 1.1, 0)) > plot(mylm, las = 1, sub='Residual Diagnostics') > par(opar) > dev.off() null device 1 > > #Note: the /var/www/html/rcomp/createtable file can be downloaded at http://www.wessa.net/cretab > load(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/createtable") > > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Estimated Regression Equation', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > myeq <- colnames(x)[1] > myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t] = ', sep='') > for (i in 1:k){ + if (mysum$coefficients[i,1] > 0) myeq <- paste(myeq, '+', '') + myeq <- paste(myeq, mysum$coefficients[i,1], sep=' ') + if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != '(Intercept)') { + myeq <- paste(myeq, rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i], sep='') + if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != 't') myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t]', sep='') + } + } > myeq <- paste(myeq, ' + e[t]') > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, myeq) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/10n0qz1229786306.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/ols1.htm','Multiple Linear Regression - Ordinary Least Squares',''), 6, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'Variable',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'Parameter',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'S.D.',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'T-STAT
H0: parameter = 0',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'2-tail p-value',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'1-tail p-value',header=TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > for (i in 1:k){ + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i],header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,mysum$coefficients[i,1]) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,2],6)) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,3],4)) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4],6)) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4]/2,6)) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/11bwjg1229786306.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Regression Statistics', 2, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple R',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, sqrt(mysum$r.squared)) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'R-squared',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$r.squared) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Adjusted R-squared',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$adj.r.squared) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (value)',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[1]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF numerator)',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[2]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF denominator)',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[3]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'p-value',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 1-pf(mysum$fstatistic[1],mysum$fstatistic[2],mysum$fstatistic[3])) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Residual Statistics', 2, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Residual Standard Deviation',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$sigma) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Sum Squared Residuals',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, sum(myerror*myerror)) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/12waet1229786306.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Actuals, Interpolation, and Residuals', 4, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Time or Index', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 'Actuals', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 'Interpolation
Forecast', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 'Residuals
Prediction Error', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > for (i in 1:n) { + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,i, 1, TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,x[i]) + a<-table.element(a,x[i]-mysum$resid[i]) + a<-table.element(a,mysum$resid[i]) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/13c55o1229786306.tab") > > system("convert tmp/1gihz1229786306.ps tmp/1gihz1229786306.png") > system("convert tmp/2tz9g1229786306.ps tmp/2tz9g1229786306.png") > system("convert tmp/34x8i1229786306.ps tmp/34x8i1229786306.png") > system("convert tmp/4m2211229786306.ps tmp/4m2211229786306.png") > system("convert tmp/54bjy1229786306.ps tmp/54bjy1229786306.png") > system("convert tmp/6k0gr1229786306.ps tmp/6k0gr1229786306.png") > system("convert tmp/76pue1229786306.ps tmp/76pue1229786306.png") > system("convert tmp/8do3e1229786306.ps tmp/8do3e1229786306.png") > system("convert tmp/9ai5s1229786306.ps tmp/9ai5s1229786306.png") > > > proc.time() user system elapsed 2.070 1.519 5.033