R version 2.9.0 (2009-04-17)
Copyright (C) 2009 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
ISBN 3-900051-07-0

R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.

R is a collaborative project with many contributors.
Type 'contributors()' for more information and
'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.

Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.
Type 'q()' to quit R.

> x <- c(7.3,7.2,7.1,7,6.8,6.6,6.3,6.1,6,6.4,6.8,6.8,6.7,6.6,6.5,6.5,6.4,6.3,6.1,5.9,5.9,6.3,6.7,6.8,6.8,6.8,6.8,6.9,6.8,6.7,6.6,6.5,6.5,7,7.5,7.6,7.6,7.6,7.8,8,8,8,7.9,7.9,8,8.5,9.2,9.4,9.5,9.5,9.6,9.7,9.7,9.6,9.5,9.4,9.3,9.6,10.2,10.2,10.1,9.9,9.8,9.8,9.7,9.5,9.3,9.1,9,9.5,10,10.2,10.1,10,9.9,10,9.9,9.7,9.5,9.2,9,9.3,9.8,9.8,9.6,9.4,9.3,9.2,9.2,9,8.8,8.7,8.7,9.1,9.7,9.8,9.6,9.4,9.4,9.5,9.4,9.3,9.2,9,8.9,9.2,9.8,9.9,9.6,9.2,9.1,9.1,9,8.9,8.7,8.5,8.3,8.5,8.7,8.4,8.1,7.8,7.7,7.5,7.2,6.8,6.7,6.4,6.3,6.8,7.3,7.1,7,6.8,6.6,6.3,6.1,6.1,6.3,6.3,6,6.2,6.4,6.8,7.5,7.5,7.6,7.6,7.4,7.3,7.1,6.9,6.8,7.5,7.6,7.8,8,8.1,8.2,8.3,8.2,8,7.9,7.6,7.6,8.3,8.4,8.4,8.4,8.4,8.6,8.9,8.8,8.3,7.5,7.2,7.4,8.8,9.3,9.3,8.7,8.2,8.3,8.5,8.6,8.5,8.2,8.1,7.9,8.6,8.7,8.7,8.5,8.4,8.5,8.7,8.7,8.6,8.5,8.3,8,8.2,8.1,8.1,8,7.9,7.9,8,8,7.9,8,7.7,7.2,7.5,7.3,7,7,7,7.2,7.3,7.1,6.8,6.4,6.1,6.5,7.7,7.9,7.5,6.9,6.6,6.9,7.7,8,8,7.7,7.3,7.4,8.1,8.3,8.2)
> ylimmax = ''
> ylimmin = ''
> main = 'Robustness of Central Tendency'
> #'GNU S' R Code compiled by R2WASP v. 1.0.44 ()
> #Author: Prof. Dr. P. Wessa
> #To cite this work: AUTHOR(S), (YEAR), YOUR SOFTWARE TITLE (vNUMBER) in Free Statistics Software (v$_version), Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.wessa.net/rwasp_YOURPAGE.wasp/
> #Source of accompanying publication: Office for Research, Development, and Education
> #Technical description: Write here your technical program description (don't use hard returns!)
> geomean <- function(x) {
+ return(exp(mean(log(x))))
+ }
> harmean <- function(x) {
+ return(1/mean(1/x))
+ }
> quamean <- function(x) {
+ return(sqrt(mean(x*x)))
+ }
> winmean <- function(x) {
+ x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)])
+ n<-length(x)
+ denom <- 3
+ nodenom <- n/denom
+ if (nodenom>40) denom <- n/40
+ sqrtn = sqrt(n)
+ roundnodenom = floor(nodenom)
+ win <- array(NA,dim=c(roundnodenom,2))
+ for (j in 1:roundnodenom) {
+ win[j,1] <- (j*x[j+1]+sum(x[(j+1):(n-j)])+j*x[n-j])/n
+ win[j,2] <- sd(c(rep(x[j+1],j),x[(j+1):(n-j)],rep(x[n-j],j)))/sqrtn
+ }
+ return(win)
+ }
> trimean <- function(x) {
+ x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)])
+ n<-length(x)
+ denom <- 3
+ nodenom <- n/denom
+ if (nodenom>40) denom <- n/40
+ sqrtn = sqrt(n)
+ roundnodenom = floor(nodenom)
+ tri <- array(NA,dim=c(roundnodenom,2))
+ for (j in 1:roundnodenom) {
+ tri[j,1] <- mean(x,trim=j/n)
+ tri[j,2] <- sd(x[(j+1):(n-j)]) / sqrt(n-j*2)
+ }
+ return(tri)
+ }
> midrange <- function(x) {
+ return((max(x)+min(x))/2)
+ }
> q1 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- n*p;
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ qvalue <- (1-f)*data[i] + f*data[i+1]
+ }
> q2 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- (n+1)*p
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ qvalue <- (1-f)*data[i] + f*data[i+1]
+ }
> q3 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- n*p
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ if (f==0) {
+ qvalue <- data[i]
+ } else {
+ qvalue <- data[i+1]
+ }
+ }
> q4 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- n*p
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ if (f==0) {
+ qvalue <- (data[i]+data[i+1])/2
+ } else {
+ qvalue <- data[i+1]
+ }
+ }
> q5 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- (n-1)*p
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ if (f==0) {
+ qvalue <- data[i+1]
+ } else {
+ qvalue <- data[i+1] + f*(data[i+2]-data[i+1])
+ }
+ }
> q6 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- n*p+0.5
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ qvalue <- data[i]
+ }
> q7 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- (n+1)*p
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ if (f==0) {
+ qvalue <- data[i]
+ } else {
+ qvalue <- f*data[i] + (1-f)*data[i+1]
+ }
+ }
> q8 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- (n+1)*p
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ if (f==0) {
+ qvalue <- data[i]
+ } else {
+ if (f == 0.5) {
+ qvalue <- (data[i]+data[i+1])/2
+ } else {
+ if (f < 0.5) {
+ qvalue <- data[i]
+ } else {
+ qvalue <- data[i+1]
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
> midmean <- function(x,def) {
+ x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)])
+ n<-length(x)
+ if (def==1) {
+ qvalue1 <- q1(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q1(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==2) {
+ qvalue1 <- q2(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q2(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==3) {
+ qvalue1 <- q3(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q3(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==4) {
+ qvalue1 <- q4(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q4(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==5) {
+ qvalue1 <- q5(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q5(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==6) {
+ qvalue1 <- q6(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q6(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==7) {
+ qvalue1 <- q7(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q7(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==8) {
+ qvalue1 <- q8(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q8(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ midm <- 0
+ myn <- 0
+ roundno4 <- round(n/4)
+ round3no4 <- round(3*n/4)
+ for (i in 1:n) {
+ if ((x[i]>=qvalue1) & (x[i]<=qvalue3)){
+ midm = midm + x[i]
+ myn = myn + 1
+ }
+ }
+ midm = midm / myn
+ return(midm)
+ }
> (arm <- mean(x))
[1] 8.055
> sqrtn <- sqrt(length(x))
> (armse <- sd(x) / sqrtn)
[1] 0.07422237
> (armose <- arm / armse)
[1] 108.5252
> (geo <- geomean(x))
[1] 7.972207
> (har <- harmean(x))
[1] 7.888826
> (qua <- quamean(x))
[1] 8.136318
> (win <- winmean(x))
          [,1]       [,2]
 [1,] 8.055000 0.07422237
 [2,] 8.055833 0.07412340
 [3,] 8.054583 0.07397545
 [4,] 8.056250 0.07378616
 [5,] 8.054167 0.07355012
 [6,] 8.054167 0.07355012
 [7,] 8.054167 0.07355012
 [8,] 8.050833 0.07318942
 [9,] 8.054583 0.07278038
[10,] 8.058750 0.07234631
[11,] 8.058750 0.07234631
[12,] 8.053750 0.07182574
[13,] 8.053750 0.07182574
[14,] 8.053750 0.07182574
[15,] 8.053750 0.07182574
[16,] 8.053750 0.07182574
[17,] 8.060833 0.07111777
[18,] 8.053333 0.07036681
[19,] 8.053333 0.07036681
[20,] 8.053333 0.07036681
[21,] 8.053333 0.07036681
[22,] 8.062500 0.06948487
[23,] 8.052917 0.06855985
[24,] 8.052917 0.06855985
[25,] 8.052917 0.06855985
[26,] 8.052917 0.06855985
[27,] 8.064167 0.06751618
[28,] 8.064167 0.06751618
[29,] 8.052083 0.06638963
[30,] 8.052083 0.06638963
[31,] 8.052083 0.06638963
[32,] 8.065417 0.06519509
[33,] 8.065417 0.06519509
[34,] 8.065417 0.06519509
[35,] 8.065417 0.06519509
[36,] 8.065417 0.06254189
[37,] 8.065417 0.06254189
[38,] 8.065417 0.06254189
[39,] 8.065417 0.06254189
[40,] 8.065417 0.06254189
[41,] 8.065417 0.06254189
[42,] 8.047917 0.06100892
[43,] 8.047917 0.06100892
[44,] 8.047917 0.06100892
[45,] 8.047917 0.06100892
[46,] 8.047917 0.06100892
[47,] 8.047917 0.06100892
[48,] 8.047917 0.06100892
[49,] 8.027500 0.05928716
[50,] 8.048333 0.05751407
[51,] 8.048333 0.05751407
[52,] 8.048333 0.05751407
[53,] 8.048333 0.05751407
[54,] 8.070833 0.05566822
[55,] 8.070833 0.05566822
[56,] 8.047500 0.05372110
[57,] 8.047500 0.05372110
[58,] 8.047500 0.05372110
[59,] 8.047500 0.05372110
[60,] 8.047500 0.04967441
[61,] 8.047500 0.04967441
[62,] 8.047500 0.04967441
[63,] 8.047500 0.04967441
[64,] 8.074167 0.04758459
[65,] 8.047083 0.04541724
[66,] 8.047083 0.04541724
[67,] 8.047083 0.04541724
[68,] 8.018750 0.04323189
[69,] 8.047500 0.04099497
[70,] 8.047500 0.04099497
[71,] 8.017917 0.03876874
[72,] 8.017917 0.03876874
[73,] 8.017917 0.03876874
[74,] 8.017917 0.03876874
[75,] 8.049167 0.03639045
[76,] 8.049167 0.03639045
[77,] 8.049167 0.03639045
[78,] 8.081667 0.03401312
[79,] 8.081667 0.03401312
[80,] 8.048333 0.03152320
> (tri <- trimean(x))
          [,1]       [,2]
 [1,] 8.055042 0.07374437
 [2,] 8.055085 0.07324136
 [3,] 8.054701 0.07276497
 [4,] 8.054741 0.07231727
 [5,] 8.054348 0.07189832
 [6,] 8.054386 0.07151027
 [7,] 8.054425 0.07110044
 [8,] 8.054464 0.07066757
 [9,] 8.054955 0.07026531
[10,] 8.055000 0.06989652
[11,] 8.054587 0.06956090
[12,] 8.054167 0.06920495
[13,] 8.054206 0.06888470
[14,] 8.054245 0.06854444
[15,] 8.054286 0.06818300
[16,] 8.054327 0.06779907
[17,] 8.054369 0.06739127
[18,] 8.053922 0.06701953
[19,] 8.053960 0.06668671
[20,] 8.054000 0.06633189
[21,] 8.054040 0.06595369
[22,] 8.054082 0.06555059
[23,] 8.053608 0.06518669
[24,] 8.053646 0.06486525
[25,] 8.053684 0.06452112
[26,] 8.053723 0.06415280
[27,] 8.053763 0.06375866
[28,] 8.053261 0.06340736
[29,] 8.052747 0.06303055
[30,] 8.052778 0.06270061
[31,] 8.052809 0.06234575
[32,] 8.052841 0.06196422
[33,] 8.052299 0.06162972
[34,] 8.051744 0.06126901
[35,] 8.051176 0.06088018
[36,] 8.050595 0.06046109
[37,] 8.050000 0.06017347
[38,] 8.049390 0.05986104
[39,] 8.048765 0.05952189
[40,] 8.048125 0.05915397
[41,] 8.047468 0.05875498
[42,] 8.046795 0.05832243
[43,] 8.046753 0.05794905
[44,] 8.046711 0.05754291
[45,] 8.046667 0.05710124
[46,] 8.046622 0.05662097
[47,] 8.046575 0.05609867
[48,] 8.046528 0.05553051
[49,] 8.046479 0.05491216
[50,] 8.047143 0.05435261
[51,] 8.047101 0.05385972
[52,] 8.047059 0.05332048
[53,] 8.047015 0.05273031
[54,] 8.046970 0.05208402
[55,] 8.046154 0.05150280
[56,] 8.045312 0.05086432
[57,] 8.045238 0.05030204
[58,] 8.045161 0.04968237
[59,] 8.045082 0.04899895
[60,] 8.045000 0.04824439
[61,] 8.044915 0.04771465
[62,] 8.044828 0.04712650
[63,] 8.044737 0.04647306
[64,] 8.044643 0.04574634
[65,] 8.043636 0.04510256
[66,] 8.043519 0.04455994
[67,] 8.043396 0.04395168
[68,] 8.043269 0.04326923
[69,] 8.044118 0.04268629
[70,] 8.044000 0.04221924
[71,] 8.043878 0.04168920
[72,] 8.044792 0.04127544
[73,] 8.045745 0.04080142
[74,] 8.046739 0.04025869
[75,] 8.047778 0.03963717
[76,] 8.047727 0.03915838
[77,] 8.047674 0.03860519
[78,] 8.047619 0.03796593
[79,] 8.046341 0.03746704
[80,] 8.045000 0.03688418
> (midr <- midrange(x))
[1] 8.05
> midm <- array(NA,dim=8)
> for (j in 1:8) midm[j] <- midmean(x,j)
> midm
[1] 7.995238 8.045000 7.995238 8.045000 8.045000 7.995238 8.045000 8.029231
> postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/1bt7g1262273221.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) 
> lb <- win[,1] - 2*win[,2]
> ub <- win[,1] + 2*win[,2]
> if ((ylimmin == '') | (ylimmax == '')) plot(win[,1],type='b',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Winsorized Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) else plot(win[,1],type='l',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Winsorized Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(ylimmin,ylimmax))
> lines(ub,lty=3)
> lines(lb,lty=3)
> grid()
> dev.off()
null device 
          1 
> postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/2tg5f1262273221.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) 
> lb <- tri[,1] - 2*tri[,2]
> ub <- tri[,1] + 2*tri[,2]
> if ((ylimmin == '') | (ylimmax == '')) plot(tri[,1],type='b',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Trimmed Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) else plot(tri[,1],type='l',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Trimmed Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(ylimmin,ylimmax))
> lines(ub,lty=3)
> lines(lb,lty=3)
> grid()
> dev.off()
null device 
          1 
> 
> #Note: the /var/www/html/rcomp/createtable file can be downloaded at http://www.wessa.net/cretab
> load(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/createtable")
> 
> a<-table.start()
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,'Central Tendency - Ungrouped Data',4,TRUE)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,'Measure',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,'Value',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,'S.E.',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,'Value/S.E.',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm', 'Arithmetic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Arithmetic Mean'),header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,arm)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean_standard_error.htm', armse, 'click to view the definition of the Standard Error of the Arithmetic Mean'))
> a<-table.element(a,armose)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/geometric_mean.htm', 'Geometric Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Geometric Mean'),header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,geo)
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/harmonic_mean.htm', 'Harmonic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Harmonic Mean'),header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,har)
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/quadratic_mean.htm', 'Quadratic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Quadratic Mean'),header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,qua)
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> for (j in 1:length(win[,1])) {
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ mylabel <- paste('Winsorized Mean (',j)
+ mylabel <- paste(mylabel,'/')
+ mylabel <- paste(mylabel,length(win[,1]))
+ mylabel <- paste(mylabel,')')
+ a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/winsorized_mean.htm', mylabel, 'click to view the definition of the Winsorized Mean'),header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,win[j,1])
+ a<-table.element(a,win[j,2])
+ a<-table.element(a,win[j,1]/win[j,2])
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ }
> for (j in 1:length(tri[,1])) {
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ mylabel <- paste('Trimmed Mean (',j)
+ mylabel <- paste(mylabel,'/')
+ mylabel <- paste(mylabel,length(tri[,1]))
+ mylabel <- paste(mylabel,')')
+ a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm', mylabel, 'click to view the definition of the Trimmed Mean'),header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,tri[j,1])
+ a<-table.element(a,tri[j,2])
+ a<-table.element(a,tri[j,1]/tri[j,2])
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ }
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/median_1.htm', 'Median', 'click to view the definition of the Median'),header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,median(x))
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midrange.htm', 'Midrange', 'click to view the definition of the Midrange'),header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midr)
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_1.htm','Weighted Average at Xnp',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[1])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_2.htm','Weighted Average at X(n+1)p',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[2])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_3.htm','Empirical Distribution Function',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[3])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_4.htm','Empirical Distribution Function - Averaging',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[4])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_5.htm','Empirical Distribution Function - Interpolation',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[5])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_6.htm','Closest Observation',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[6])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_7.htm','True Basic - Statistics Graphics Toolkit',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[7])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_8.htm','MS Excel (old versions)',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[8])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,'Number of observations',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,length(x))
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.end(a)
> table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/3u8ap1262273221.tab") 
> 
> try(system("convert tmp/1bt7g1262273221.ps tmp/1bt7g1262273221.png",intern=TRUE))
character(0)
> try(system("convert tmp/2tg5f1262273221.ps tmp/2tg5f1262273221.png",intern=TRUE))
character(0)
> 
> 
> proc.time()
   user  system elapsed 
  1.265   0.361   1.712