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*The author of this computation has been verified*
R Software Module: /rwasp_multipleregression.wasp (opens new window with default values)
Title produced by software: Multiple Regression
Date of computation: Fri, 20 Nov 2009 06:11:30 -0700
 
Cite this page as follows:
Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540.htm/, Retrieved Fri, 20 Nov 2009 14:16:59 +0100
 
BibTeX entries for LaTeX users:
@Manual{KEY,
    author = {{YOUR NAME}},
    publisher = {Office for Research Development and Education},
    title = {Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540.htm/},
    year = {2009},
}
@Manual{R,
    title = {R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing},
    author = {{R Development Core Team}},
    organization = {R Foundation for Statistical Computing},
    address = {Vienna, Austria},
    year = {2009},
    note = {{ISBN} 3-900051-07-0},
    url = {http://www.R-project.org},
}
 
Original text written by user:
 
IsPrivate?
No (this computation is public)
 
User-defined keywords:
 
Dataseries X:
» Textbox « » Textfile « » CSV «
280 1258 557 1199 831 1158 1081 1427 1318 934 1578 709 1859 1186 2141 986 2428 1033 2715 1257 3004 1105 3309 1179 269 1092 537 1092 813 1087 1068 2028 1411 2039 1675 2010 1958 754 2242 760 2524 715 2836 855 3143 971 3522 815 285 915 574 843 865 761 1147 1858 1516 2968 1789 4061 2087 3661 2372 3269 2669 2857 2966 2568 3270 2274 3652 1987 329 683 658 381 988 71 1303 1772 1603 3485 1929 5181 2235 4479 2544 3782 2872 3067 3198 2489 3544 1903 3903 1330 332 736 665 483 1001 242 1329 1334 1639 2423 1975 3523 2304 2986 2640 2462 2992 1908 3330 1575 3690 1237 4063 904
 
Output produced by software:

Enter (or paste) a matrix (table) containing all data (time) series. Every column represents a different variable and must be delimited by a space or Tab. Every row represents a period in time (or category) and must be delimited by hard returns. The easiest way to enter data is to copy and paste a block of spreadsheet cells. Please, do not use commas or spaces to seperate groups of digits!


Summary of computational transaction
Raw Inputview raw input (R code)
Raw Outputview raw output of R engine
Computing time3 seconds
R Server'Gwilym Jenkins' @ 72.249.127.135


Multiple Linear Regression - Estimated Regression Equation
Y[t] = + 3580.46697505064 + 0.0879589903051959X[t] -3363.86695716855M1[t] -3052.59898369868M2[t] -2739.25415281523M3[t] -2542.97232292653M4[t] -2291.51219027590M5[t] -2063.65837622777M6[t] -1721.72140851618M7[t] -1390.73302941988M8[t] -1051.99640047540M9[t] -725.289657296368M10[t] -382.029542527825M11[t] + e[t]


Multiple Linear Regression - Ordinary Least Squares
VariableParameterS.D.T-STAT
H0: parameter = 0
2-tail p-value1-tail p-value
(Intercept)3580.4669750506484.02424842.612300
X0.08795899030519590.0260023.38280.0014540.000727
M1-3363.86695716855109.974273-30.587800
M2-3052.59898369868110.289953-27.677900
M3-2739.25415281523110.714779-24.741500
M4-2542.97232292653110.282907-23.058600
M5-2291.51219027590113.531376-20.18400
M6-2063.65837622777119.809846-17.224400
M7-1721.72140851618115.326853-14.929100
M8-1390.73302941988112.778531-12.331500
M9-1051.99640047540111.072832-9.471200
M10-725.289657296368110.471349-6.565400
M11-382.029542527825109.885915-3.47660.0011040.000552


Multiple Linear Regression - Regression Statistics
Multiple R0.989585570274023
R-squared0.979279600894564
Adjusted R-squared0.973989286229346
F-TEST (value)185.108006397625
F-TEST (DF numerator)12
F-TEST (DF denominator)47
p-value0
Multiple Linear Regression - Residual Statistics
Residual Standard Deviation173.428308377894
Sum Squared Residuals1413636.77290044


Multiple Linear Regression - Actuals, Interpolation, and Residuals
Time or IndexActualsInterpolation
Forecast
Residuals
Prediction Error
1280327.252427686036-47.2524276860357
2557633.330820727895-76.3308207278947
3831943.069333008828-112.069333008828
410811163.01213128962-82.0121312896247
513181371.1084817198-53.1084817198011
615781579.17152294925-1.17152294925396
718591963.06492903642-104.064929036423
821412276.46151007168-135.461510071683
924282619.33221156051-191.332211560512
1027152965.74176856790-250.741768567903
1130043295.63211681006-291.632116810059
1233093684.17062462047-375.170624620467
13269312.651235295365-43.6512352953646
14537623.919208765239-86.9192087652394
15813936.82424469716-123.824244697159
1610681215.87548446305-147.875484463049
1714111468.30316600704-57.3031660070411
1816751693.60616933631-18.6061693363131
1919581925.0666452245832.9333547754197
2022422256.58277826271-14.5827782627088
2125242591.36125264346-67.3612526434598
2228362930.38225446522-94.3822544652162
2331433283.84561210916-140.845612109162
2435223652.15355214938-130.153552149377
25285297.082494011345-12.0824940113451
26574602.017420179246-28.0174201792459
27865908.149613857665-43.1496138576647
2811471200.92245611117-53.9224561111655
2915161550.01706800057-34.0170680005679
3017891874.01005845227-85.0100584522696
3120872180.76343004178-93.7634300417844
3223722477.27188493845-105.271884938445
3326692779.76940987719-110.769409877189
3429663081.05600485802-115.056004858017
3532703398.45617647683-128.456176476832
3636523755.24148878707-103.241488787066
37329276.67600826054052.3239917394605
38658561.38036665824596.6196333417547
39988847.45791054708140.54208945292
4013031193.35798294492109.642017055082
4116031595.491865988357.50813401164582
4219291972.52412759409-43.5241275940891
4322352252.71388411143-17.7138841114348
4425442522.3948469650121.6051530349895
4528722798.2407978412873.7592021587195
4631983074.10724462391123.892755376094
4735443365.82339107360178.176608926396
4839033697.45243215655205.547567843448
49332281.33783474671550.662165253285
50665570.35218366937594.6478163306251
511001862.498897889269138.501102110731
5213291154.83194519124174.168054808757
5316391502.07941828424136.920581715764
5419751826.68812166807148.311878331926
5523042121.39111158578182.608888414223
5626402406.28897976215233.711020237847
5729922696.29632807756295.703671922442
5833302993.71272748496336.287272515043
5936903307.24270353034382.757296469656
6040633659.98190228654403.018097713461


Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity
p-valuesAlternative Hypothesis
breakpoint indexgreater2-sidedless
160.0006912374518456480.001382474903691300.999308762548154
170.0005341592911292490.001068318582258500.99946584070887
186.29723796259271e-050.0001259447592518540.999937027620374
190.0008356457354519270.001671291470903850.999164354264548
200.001026460152240990.002052920304481970.99897353984776
210.001239359264329100.002478718528658200.99876064073567
220.002905860070593660.005811720141187330.997094139929406
230.01059381907959290.02118763815918580.989406180920407
240.1027346805656590.2054693611313170.897265319434341
250.0615969106297880.1231938212595760.938403089370212
260.0359829154864020.0719658309728040.964017084513598
270.02113808327051900.04227616654103790.97886191672948
280.01672815911234910.03345631822469820.98327184088765
290.01925565069320930.03851130138641860.98074434930679
300.01861405167273570.03722810334547140.981385948327264
310.01796073692532050.03592147385064100.98203926307468
320.02005891110669340.04011782221338670.979941088893307
330.03133403863819790.06266807727639580.968665961361802
340.07443447263666980.1488689452733400.92556552736333
350.3425731103104030.6851462206208050.657426889689597
360.954246287469620.09150742506075850.0457537125303792
370.9289002694347350.1421994611305300.0710997305652651
380.9165093318133830.1669813363732350.0834906681866174
390.9225671638330260.1548656723339490.0774328361669743
400.9057702969304530.1884594061390950.0942297030695473
410.8538473700260870.2923052599478260.146152629973913
420.8429566096854920.3140867806290170.157043390314508
430.8315639520405140.3368720959189720.168436047959486
440.8069601831010050.386079633797990.193039816898995


Meta Analysis of Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity
Description# significant tests% significant testsOK/NOK
1% type I error level70.241379310344828NOK
5% type I error level140.482758620689655NOK
10% type I error level170.586206896551724NOK
 
Charts produced by software:
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/10k1r11258722686.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/10k1r11258722686.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/132x71258722686.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/132x71258722686.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/2t9he1258722686.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/2t9he1258722686.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/3m6x31258722686.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/3m6x31258722686.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/4ste51258722686.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/4ste51258722686.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/566yq1258722686.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/566yq1258722686.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/6durf1258722686.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/6durf1258722686.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/78b1e1258722686.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/78b1e1258722686.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/8j0hq1258722686.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/8j0hq1258722686.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/9i7zb1258722686.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Nov/20/t1258723001c0tkxox6b295540/9i7zb1258722686.ps (open in new window)


 
Parameters (Session):
par1 = 1 ; par2 = Include Monthly Dummies ; par3 = No Linear Trend ;
 
Parameters (R input):
par1 = 1 ; par2 = Include Monthly Dummies ; par3 = No Linear Trend ;
 
R code (references can be found in the software module):
library(lattice)
library(lmtest)
n25 <- 25 #minimum number of obs. for Goldfeld-Quandt test
par1 <- as.numeric(par1)
x <- t(y)
k <- length(x[1,])
n <- length(x[,1])
x1 <- cbind(x[,par1], x[,1:k!=par1])
mycolnames <- c(colnames(x)[par1], colnames(x)[1:k!=par1])
colnames(x1) <- mycolnames #colnames(x)[par1]
x <- x1
if (par3 == 'First Differences'){
x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n-1,k), dimnames=list(1:(n-1), paste('(1-B)',colnames(x),sep='')))
for (i in 1:n-1) {
for (j in 1:k) {
x2[i,j] <- x[i+1,j] - x[i,j]
}
}
x <- x2
}
if (par2 == 'Include Monthly Dummies'){
x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,11), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('M', seq(1:11), sep ='')))
for (i in 1:11){
x2[seq(i,n,12),i] <- 1
}
x <- cbind(x, x2)
}
if (par2 == 'Include Quarterly Dummies'){
x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,3), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('Q', seq(1:3), sep ='')))
for (i in 1:3){
x2[seq(i,n,4),i] <- 1
}
x <- cbind(x, x2)
}
k <- length(x[1,])
if (par3 == 'Linear Trend'){
x <- cbind(x, c(1:n))
colnames(x)[k+1] <- 't'
}
x
k <- length(x[1,])
df <- as.data.frame(x)
(mylm <- lm(df))
(mysum <- summary(mylm))
if (n > n25) {
kp3 <- k + 3
nmkm3 <- n - k - 3
gqarr <- array(NA, dim=c(nmkm3-kp3+1,3))
numgqtests <- 0
numsignificant1 <- 0
numsignificant5 <- 0
numsignificant10 <- 0
for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) {
j <- 0
numgqtests <- numgqtests + 1
for (myalt in c('greater', 'two.sided', 'less')) {
j <- j + 1
gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,j] <- gqtest(mylm, point=mypoint, alternative=myalt)$p.value
}
if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.01) numsignificant1 <- numsignificant1 + 1
if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.05) numsignificant5 <- numsignificant5 + 1
if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.10) numsignificant10 <- numsignificant10 + 1
}
gqarr
}
bitmap(file='test0.png')
plot(x[,1], type='l', main='Actuals and Interpolation', ylab='value of Actuals and Interpolation (dots)', xlab='time or index')
points(x[,1]-mysum$resid)
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test1.png')
plot(mysum$resid, type='b', pch=19, main='Residuals', ylab='value of Residuals', xlab='time or index')
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test2.png')
hist(mysum$resid, main='Residual Histogram', xlab='values of Residuals')
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test3.png')
densityplot(~mysum$resid,col='black',main='Residual Density Plot', xlab='values of Residuals')
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test4.png')
qqnorm(mysum$resid, main='Residual Normal Q-Q Plot')
qqline(mysum$resid)
grid()
dev.off()
(myerror <- as.ts(mysum$resid))
bitmap(file='test5.png')
dum <- cbind(lag(myerror,k=1),myerror)
dum
dum1 <- dum[2:length(myerror),]
dum1
z <- as.data.frame(dum1)
z
plot(z,main=paste('Residual Lag plot, lowess, and regression line'), ylab='values of Residuals', xlab='lagged values of Residuals')
lines(lowess(z))
abline(lm(z))
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test6.png')
acf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Autocorrelation Function')
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test7.png')
pacf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Partial Autocorrelation Function')
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test8.png')
opar <- par(mfrow = c(2,2), oma = c(0, 0, 1.1, 0))
plot(mylm, las = 1, sub='Residual Diagnostics')
par(opar)
dev.off()
if (n > n25) {
bitmap(file='test9.png')
plot(kp3:nmkm3,gqarr[,2], main='Goldfeld-Quandt test',ylab='2-sided p-value',xlab='breakpoint')
grid()
dev.off()
}
load(file='createtable')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Estimated Regression Equation', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
myeq <- colnames(x)[1]
myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t] = ', sep='')
for (i in 1:k){
if (mysum$coefficients[i,1] > 0) myeq <- paste(myeq, '+', '')
myeq <- paste(myeq, mysum$coefficients[i,1], sep=' ')
if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != '(Intercept)') {
myeq <- paste(myeq, rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i], sep='')
if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != 't') myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t]', sep='')
}
}
myeq <- paste(myeq, ' + e[t]')
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, myeq)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable1.tab')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/ols1.htm','Multiple Linear Regression - Ordinary Least Squares',''), 6, TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Variable',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'Parameter',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'S.D.',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'T-STAT<br />H0: parameter = 0',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'2-tail p-value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'1-tail p-value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
for (i in 1:k){
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i],header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,mysum$coefficients[i,1])
a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,2],6))
a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,3],4))
a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4],6))
a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4]/2,6))
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable2.tab')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Regression Statistics', 2, TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple R',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, sqrt(mysum$r.squared))
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'R-squared',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, mysum$r.squared)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Adjusted R-squared',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, mysum$adj.r.squared)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (value)',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[1])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF numerator)',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[2])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF denominator)',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[3])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'p-value',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, 1-pf(mysum$fstatistic[1],mysum$fstatistic[2],mysum$fstatistic[3]))
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Residual Statistics', 2, TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Residual Standard Deviation',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, mysum$sigma)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Sum Squared Residuals',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, sum(myerror*myerror))
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable3.tab')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Actuals, Interpolation, and Residuals', 4, TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Time or Index', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, 'Actuals', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, 'Interpolation<br />Forecast', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, 'Residuals<br />Prediction Error', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
for (i in 1:n) {
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,i, 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,x[i])
a<-table.element(a,x[i]-mysum$resid[i])
a<-table.element(a,mysum$resid[i])
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable4.tab')
if (n > n25) {
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'p-values',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'Alternative Hypothesis',3,header=TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'breakpoint index',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'greater',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'2-sided',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'less',header=TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) {
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,mypoint,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,1])
a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2])
a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,3])
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable5.tab')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Meta Analysis of Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Description',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'# significant tests',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'% significant tests',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'OK/NOK',header=TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'1% type I error level',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1)
a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1/numgqtests)
if (numsignificant1/numgqtests < 0.01) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK'
a<-table.element(a,dum)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'5% type I error level',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5)
a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5/numgqtests)
if (numsignificant5/numgqtests < 0.05) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK'
a<-table.element(a,dum)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'10% type I error level',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10)
a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10/numgqtests)
if (numsignificant10/numgqtests < 0.1) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK'
a<-table.element(a,dum)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable6.tab')
}
 





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