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Type 'q()' to quit R. > x <- array(list(33,62,39,64,45,62,46,64,45,64,45,69,49,69,50,65,54,56,59,58,58,53,56,62,48,55,50,60,52,59,53,58,55,53,43,57,42,57,38,53,41,54,41,53,39,57,34,57,27,55,15,49,14,50,31,49,41,54,43,58,46,58,42,52,45,56,45,52,40,59,35,53,36,52,38,53,39,51,32,50,24,56,21,52,12,46,29,48,36,46,31,48,28,48,30,49,38,53,27,48,40,51,40,48,44,50,47,55,45,52,42,53,38,52,46,55,37,53,41,53,40,56,33,54,34,52,36,55,36,54,38,59,42,56,35,56,25,51,24,53,22,52,27,51,17,46,30,49,30,46,34,55,37,57,36,53,33,52,33,53,33,50,37,54,40,53,35,50,37,51,43,52,42,47,33,51,39,49,40,53,37,52,44,45,42,53,43,51,40,48,30,48,30,48,31,48,18,40,24,43,22,40,26,39,28,39,23,36,17,41,12,39,9,40,19,39,21,46,18,40,18,37,15,37,24,44,18,41,19,40,30,36,33,38,35,43,36,42,47,45,46,46),dim=c(2,121),dimnames=list(c('Alg_E','Spaar'),1:121)) > y <- array(NA,dim=c(2,121),dimnames=list(c('Alg_E','Spaar'),1:121)) > for (i in 1:dim(x)[1]) + { + for (j in 1:dim(x)[2]) + { + y[i,j] <- as.numeric(x[i,j]) + } + } > par3 = 'Linear Trend' > par2 = 'Include Monthly Dummies' > par1 = '2' > #'GNU S' R Code compiled by R2WASP v. 1.0.44 () > #Author: Prof. Dr. P. Wessa > #To cite this work: AUTHOR(S), (YEAR), YOUR SOFTWARE TITLE (vNUMBER) in Free Statistics Software (v$_version), Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.wessa.net/rwasp_YOURPAGE.wasp/ > #Source of accompanying publication: Office for Research, Development, and Education > #Technical description: Write here your technical program description (don't use hard returns!) > library(lattice) > library(lmtest) Loading required package: zoo Attaching package: 'zoo' The following object(s) are masked from package:base : as.Date.numeric > n25 <- 25 #minimum number of obs. for Goldfeld-Quandt test > par1 <- as.numeric(par1) > x <- t(y) > k <- length(x[1,]) > n <- length(x[,1]) > x1 <- cbind(x[,par1], x[,1:k!=par1]) > mycolnames <- c(colnames(x)[par1], colnames(x)[1:k!=par1]) > colnames(x1) <- mycolnames #colnames(x)[par1] > x <- x1 > if (par3 == 'First Differences'){ + x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n-1,k), dimnames=list(1:(n-1), paste('(1-B)',colnames(x),sep=''))) + for (i in 1:n-1) { + for (j in 1:k) { + x2[i,j] <- x[i+1,j] - x[i,j] + } + } + x <- x2 + } > if (par2 == 'Include Monthly Dummies'){ + x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,11), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('M', seq(1:11), sep =''))) + for (i in 1:11){ + x2[seq(i,n,12),i] <- 1 + } + x <- cbind(x, x2) + } > if (par2 == 'Include Quarterly Dummies'){ + x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,3), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('Q', seq(1:3), sep =''))) + for (i in 1:3){ + x2[seq(i,n,4),i] <- 1 + } + x <- cbind(x, x2) + } > k <- length(x[1,]) > if (par3 == 'Linear Trend'){ + x <- cbind(x, c(1:n)) + colnames(x)[k+1] <- 't' + } > x Spaar Alg_E M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 t 1 62 33 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 64 39 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 62 45 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 64 46 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 5 64 45 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 6 69 45 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 6 7 69 49 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 7 8 65 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 8 9 56 54 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 9 10 58 59 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 10 11 53 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 11 12 62 56 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 13 55 48 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 14 60 50 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 15 59 52 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 16 58 53 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 17 53 55 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 18 57 43 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 18 19 57 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 19 20 53 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 20 21 54 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 21 22 53 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 22 23 57 39 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 23 24 57 34 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 25 55 27 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 26 49 15 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 27 50 14 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 28 49 31 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 29 54 41 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 30 58 43 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 30 31 58 46 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 31 32 52 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 32 33 56 45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 33 34 52 45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 34 35 59 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 35 36 53 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 37 52 36 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 38 53 38 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38 39 51 39 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39 40 50 32 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 41 56 24 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 42 52 21 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 42 43 46 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 43 44 48 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 44 45 46 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 45 46 48 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 46 47 48 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 47 48 49 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 49 53 38 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 50 48 27 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 51 51 40 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51 52 48 40 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52 53 50 44 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 54 55 47 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 54 55 52 45 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 55 56 53 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 56 57 52 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 57 58 55 46 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 58 59 53 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 59 60 53 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 61 56 40 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 61 62 54 33 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 63 52 34 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 63 64 55 36 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64 65 54 36 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 65 66 59 38 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 66 67 56 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 67 68 56 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 68 69 51 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 69 70 53 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 70 71 52 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 71 72 51 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 72 73 46 17 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 73 74 49 30 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 74 75 46 30 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 76 55 34 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 76 77 57 37 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 77 78 53 36 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 78 79 52 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 79 80 53 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 80 81 50 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 81 82 54 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 82 83 53 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 83 84 50 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 84 85 51 37 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 86 52 43 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 86 87 47 42 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 87 88 51 33 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 88 89 49 39 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 89 90 53 40 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 90 91 52 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 91 92 45 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 92 93 53 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 93 94 51 43 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 94 95 48 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 95 96 48 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 96 97 48 30 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 97 98 48 31 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 98 99 40 18 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 99 100 43 24 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 101 40 22 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 101 102 39 26 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 102 103 39 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 103 104 36 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 104 105 41 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 105 106 39 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 106 107 40 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 107 108 39 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 108 109 46 21 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 109 110 40 18 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 110 111 37 18 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 111 112 37 15 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 112 113 44 24 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 113 114 41 18 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 114 115 40 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 115 116 36 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 116 117 38 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 117 118 43 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 118 119 42 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 119 120 45 47 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120 121 46 46 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 121 > k <- length(x[1,]) > df <- as.data.frame(x) > (mylm <- lm(df)) Call: lm(formula = df) Coefficients: (Intercept) Alg_E M1 M2 M3 M4 50.6299 0.2248 0.8557 0.4792 -1.7811 -0.4314 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 0.2710 2.1154 0.8248 -1.7479 -1.5834 -0.7662 M11 t -0.2071 -0.1195 > (mysum <- summary(mylm)) Call: lm(formula = df) Residuals: Min 1Q Median 3Q Max -9.14799 -2.61190 -0.09147 2.81241 7.37689 Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) 50.62988 2.22846 22.720 < 2e-16 *** Alg_E 0.22483 0.03841 5.853 5.34e-08 *** M1 0.85574 1.64807 0.519 0.605 M2 0.47921 1.69583 0.283 0.778 M3 -1.78112 1.69183 -1.053 0.295 M4 -0.43139 1.68782 -0.256 0.799 M5 0.27103 1.68511 0.161 0.873 M6 2.11539 1.68492 1.255 0.212 M7 0.82485 1.68476 0.490 0.625 M8 -1.74790 1.68428 -1.038 0.302 M9 -1.58341 1.68406 -0.940 0.349 M10 -0.76623 1.68489 -0.455 0.650 M11 -0.20711 1.68391 -0.123 0.902 t -0.11953 0.01162 -10.284 < 2e-16 *** --- Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1 Residual standard error: 3.765 on 107 degrees of freedom Multiple R-squared: 0.7349, Adjusted R-squared: 0.7027 F-statistic: 22.82 on 13 and 107 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16 > if (n > n25) { + kp3 <- k + 3 + nmkm3 <- n - k - 3 + gqarr <- array(NA, dim=c(nmkm3-kp3+1,3)) + numgqtests <- 0 + numsignificant1 <- 0 + numsignificant5 <- 0 + numsignificant10 <- 0 + for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) { + j <- 0 + numgqtests <- numgqtests + 1 + for (myalt in c('greater', 'two.sided', 'less')) { + j <- j + 1 + gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,j] <- gqtest(mylm, point=mypoint, alternative=myalt)$p.value + } + if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.01) numsignificant1 <- numsignificant1 + 1 + if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.05) numsignificant5 <- numsignificant5 + 1 + if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.10) numsignificant10 <- numsignificant10 + 1 + } + gqarr + } [,1] [,2] [,3] [1,] 0.3252349 0.650469762 0.674765119 [2,] 0.3225219 0.645043842 0.677478079 [3,] 0.1956579 0.391315790 0.804342105 [4,] 0.1137102 0.227420336 0.886289832 [5,] 0.3977902 0.795580305 0.602209848 [6,] 0.3584687 0.716937382 0.641531309 [7,] 0.6528763 0.694247395 0.347123697 [8,] 0.5621590 0.875682002 0.437841001 [9,] 0.5555035 0.888993028 0.444496514 [10,] 0.6127902 0.774419640 0.387209820 [11,] 0.5518923 0.896215301 0.448107651 [12,] 0.5166778 0.966644353 0.483322176 [13,] 0.5358004 0.928399229 0.464199614 [14,] 0.5075709 0.984858285 0.492429142 [15,] 0.4650794 0.930158777 0.534920612 [16,] 0.3999654 0.799930809 0.600034596 [17,] 0.5531318 0.893736377 0.446868189 [18,] 0.5599304 0.880139217 0.440069609 [19,] 0.7692044 0.461591286 0.230795643 [20,] 0.7155478 0.568904423 0.284452212 [21,] 0.6883072 0.623385616 0.311692808 [22,] 0.6500712 0.699857588 0.349928794 [23,] 0.5953943 0.809211376 0.404605688 [24,] 0.5547641 0.890471714 0.445235857 [25,] 0.6425815 0.714837052 0.357418526 [26,] 0.5856551 0.828689746 0.414344873 [27,] 0.6125359 0.774928171 0.387464086 [28,] 0.5615706 0.876858753 0.438429377 [29,] 0.6104867 0.779026640 0.389513320 [30,] 0.6324773 0.735045447 0.367522724 [31,] 0.6307209 0.738558193 0.369279097 [32,] 0.6134977 0.773004590 0.386502295 [33,] 0.6461262 0.707747558 0.353873779 [34,] 0.6553518 0.689296486 0.344648243 [35,] 0.6291246 0.741750757 0.370875378 [36,] 0.7471570 0.505686029 0.252843015 [37,] 0.8398244 0.320351242 0.160175621 [38,] 0.8541381 0.291723779 0.145861890 [39,] 0.8928285 0.214342999 0.107171500 [40,] 0.9017795 0.196441034 0.098220517 [41,] 0.9396675 0.120665034 0.060332517 [42,] 0.9762786 0.047442889 0.023721444 [43,] 0.9841834 0.031633113 0.015816557 [44,] 0.9883472 0.023305635 0.011652817 [45,] 0.9916840 0.016632098 0.008316049 [46,] 0.9915465 0.016907026 0.008453513 [47,] 0.9892132 0.021573689 0.010786844 [48,] 0.9917471 0.016505831 0.008252915 [49,] 0.9920408 0.015918385 0.007959193 [50,] 0.9924703 0.015059335 0.007529668 [51,] 0.9901075 0.019784929 0.009892464 [52,] 0.9950296 0.009940809 0.004970405 [53,] 0.9943690 0.011261967 0.005630983 [54,] 0.9946975 0.010604944 0.005302472 [55,] 0.9934871 0.013025899 0.006512949 [56,] 0.9902758 0.019448308 0.009724154 [57,] 0.9931481 0.013703853 0.006851926 [58,] 0.9935368 0.012926438 0.006463219 [59,] 0.9929418 0.014116382 0.007058191 [60,] 0.9923859 0.015228149 0.007614074 [61,] 0.9938893 0.012221368 0.006110684 [62,] 0.9903343 0.019331455 0.009665727 [63,] 0.9850207 0.029958590 0.014979295 [64,] 0.9960043 0.007991374 0.003995687 [65,] 0.9936917 0.012616550 0.006308275 [66,] 0.9920401 0.015919813 0.007959906 [67,] 0.9876072 0.024785645 0.012392823 [68,] 0.9807218 0.038556475 0.019278238 [69,] 0.9774092 0.045181675 0.022590838 [70,] 0.9669677 0.066064656 0.033032328 [71,] 0.9595792 0.080841693 0.040420847 [72,] 0.9489690 0.102061909 0.051030954 [73,] 0.9327091 0.134581724 0.067290862 [74,] 0.9262141 0.147571894 0.073785947 [75,] 0.9366940 0.126612029 0.063306015 [76,] 0.9176622 0.164675642 0.082337821 [77,] 0.9557981 0.088403849 0.044201925 [78,] 0.9470026 0.105994878 0.052997439 [79,] 0.9190312 0.161937624 0.080968812 [80,] 0.9236114 0.152777285 0.076388643 [81,] 0.8801416 0.239716723 0.119858362 [82,] 0.9095211 0.180957819 0.090478910 [83,] 0.8844065 0.231186921 0.115593461 [84,] 0.9464242 0.107151618 0.053575809 [85,] 0.9309563 0.138087320 0.069043660 [86,] 0.9013474 0.197305137 0.098652568 [87,] 0.8869216 0.226156778 0.113078389 [88,] 0.8875898 0.224820407 0.112410204 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/1fqiz1258732455.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > plot(x[,1], type='l', main='Actuals and Interpolation', ylab='value of Actuals and Interpolation (dots)', xlab='time or index') > points(x[,1]-mysum$resid) > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/2itah1258732455.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > plot(mysum$resid, type='b', pch=19, main='Residuals', ylab='value of Residuals', xlab='time or index') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/30g871258732455.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > hist(mysum$resid, main='Residual Histogram', xlab='values of Residuals') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/44bbq1258732455.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > densityplot(~mysum$resid,col='black',main='Residual Density Plot', xlab='values of Residuals') > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/50asu1258732455.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > qqnorm(mysum$resid, main='Residual Normal Q-Q Plot') > qqline(mysum$resid) > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > (myerror <- as.ts(mysum$resid)) Time Series: Start = 1 End = 121 Frequency = 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 3.214579376 4.361670765 3.392565636 3.937531217 3.579463319 6.854635409 7 8 9 10 11 12 7.365392608 5.832840980 -4.111436239 -3.933230668 -9.147989741 0.214080033 13 14 15 16 17 18 -5.723513703 -0.677110676 0.253095832 -2.201938586 -8.234490213 -3.261383209 19 20 21 22 23 24 -1.626486463 -2.034898544 -1.754347854 -3.452002735 0.558066101 1.594619603 25 26 27 28 29 30 0.432197958 -2.373808283 1.230881954 -4.821399015 -2.652573918 -0.827057646 31 32 33 34 35 36 -0.091472538 -2.499884618 0.780666072 -3.916988810 3.767563755 -1.195882744 37 38 39 40 41 42 -3.156927664 -2.110524637 -1.955490219 -2.611901362 4.603826105 -0.446518076 43 44 45 46 47 48 -3.012998055 -2.142796233 -5.761557181 -3.335072515 -3.100175769 -2.637417634 49 50 51 52 53 54 -1.172257920 -3.203092071 -0.745992566 -4.976199074 -4.458406520 -1.857718158 55 56 57 58 59 60 -2.997993503 1.368766508 1.223112563 1.726834407 1.310698609 0.323800926 61 62 63 64 65 66 2.812411824 2.882266036 3.037300454 4.357438126 2.774542318 5.600058590 67 68 69 70 71 72 3.110815788 7.376887437 4.580200949 6.107373977 5.117442813 2.905717221 73 74 75 76 77 78 -0.582220696 -0.008924673 -0.629062345 6.241419508 6.984039972 1.484039972 79 80 81 82 83 84 2.568592536 6.260868818 3.215903236 5.618936717 3.504866006 1.541419508 85 86 87 88 89 90 1.355546679 1.502638067 -0.892671696 3.900572981 -0.031290284 2.019053897 91 92 93 94 95 96 3.103606461 -2.777912622 5.626777615 2.704294824 -0.060808431 2.099884618 97 98 99 100 101 102 1.363667607 1.634898544 -1.062476306 -0.641650272 -3.774890261 -7.399029808 103 104 105 106 107 108 -6.438616791 -5.622200962 0.681800913 -0.891714421 0.343182324 -2.992682815 109 110 111 112 113 114 2.821444355 -2.008013071 -2.628150743 -3.183873524 1.209779483 -2.166080970 115 116 117 118 119 120 -1.980840043 -5.761670765 -4.481120075 -0.628430775 -2.292845667 -1.853538716 121 -1.364927817 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/6qpcj1258732455.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > dum <- cbind(lag(myerror,k=1),myerror) > dum Time Series: Start = 0 End = 121 Frequency = 1 lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror 0 3.214579376 NA 1 4.361670765 3.214579376 2 3.392565636 4.361670765 3 3.937531217 3.392565636 4 3.579463319 3.937531217 5 6.854635409 3.579463319 6 7.365392608 6.854635409 7 5.832840980 7.365392608 8 -4.111436239 5.832840980 9 -3.933230668 -4.111436239 10 -9.147989741 -3.933230668 11 0.214080033 -9.147989741 12 -5.723513703 0.214080033 13 -0.677110676 -5.723513703 14 0.253095832 -0.677110676 15 -2.201938586 0.253095832 16 -8.234490213 -2.201938586 17 -3.261383209 -8.234490213 18 -1.626486463 -3.261383209 19 -2.034898544 -1.626486463 20 -1.754347854 -2.034898544 21 -3.452002735 -1.754347854 22 0.558066101 -3.452002735 23 1.594619603 0.558066101 24 0.432197958 1.594619603 25 -2.373808283 0.432197958 26 1.230881954 -2.373808283 27 -4.821399015 1.230881954 28 -2.652573918 -4.821399015 29 -0.827057646 -2.652573918 30 -0.091472538 -0.827057646 31 -2.499884618 -0.091472538 32 0.780666072 -2.499884618 33 -3.916988810 0.780666072 34 3.767563755 -3.916988810 35 -1.195882744 3.767563755 36 -3.156927664 -1.195882744 37 -2.110524637 -3.156927664 38 -1.955490219 -2.110524637 39 -2.611901362 -1.955490219 40 4.603826105 -2.611901362 41 -0.446518076 4.603826105 42 -3.012998055 -0.446518076 43 -2.142796233 -3.012998055 44 -5.761557181 -2.142796233 45 -3.335072515 -5.761557181 46 -3.100175769 -3.335072515 47 -2.637417634 -3.100175769 48 -1.172257920 -2.637417634 49 -3.203092071 -1.172257920 50 -0.745992566 -3.203092071 51 -4.976199074 -0.745992566 52 -4.458406520 -4.976199074 53 -1.857718158 -4.458406520 54 -2.997993503 -1.857718158 55 1.368766508 -2.997993503 56 1.223112563 1.368766508 57 1.726834407 1.223112563 58 1.310698609 1.726834407 59 0.323800926 1.310698609 60 2.812411824 0.323800926 61 2.882266036 2.812411824 62 3.037300454 2.882266036 63 4.357438126 3.037300454 64 2.774542318 4.357438126 65 5.600058590 2.774542318 66 3.110815788 5.600058590 67 7.376887437 3.110815788 68 4.580200949 7.376887437 69 6.107373977 4.580200949 70 5.117442813 6.107373977 71 2.905717221 5.117442813 72 -0.582220696 2.905717221 73 -0.008924673 -0.582220696 74 -0.629062345 -0.008924673 75 6.241419508 -0.629062345 76 6.984039972 6.241419508 77 1.484039972 6.984039972 78 2.568592536 1.484039972 79 6.260868818 2.568592536 80 3.215903236 6.260868818 81 5.618936717 3.215903236 82 3.504866006 5.618936717 83 1.541419508 3.504866006 84 1.355546679 1.541419508 85 1.502638067 1.355546679 86 -0.892671696 1.502638067 87 3.900572981 -0.892671696 88 -0.031290284 3.900572981 89 2.019053897 -0.031290284 90 3.103606461 2.019053897 91 -2.777912622 3.103606461 92 5.626777615 -2.777912622 93 2.704294824 5.626777615 94 -0.060808431 2.704294824 95 2.099884618 -0.060808431 96 1.363667607 2.099884618 97 1.634898544 1.363667607 98 -1.062476306 1.634898544 99 -0.641650272 -1.062476306 100 -3.774890261 -0.641650272 101 -7.399029808 -3.774890261 102 -6.438616791 -7.399029808 103 -5.622200962 -6.438616791 104 0.681800913 -5.622200962 105 -0.891714421 0.681800913 106 0.343182324 -0.891714421 107 -2.992682815 0.343182324 108 2.821444355 -2.992682815 109 -2.008013071 2.821444355 110 -2.628150743 -2.008013071 111 -3.183873524 -2.628150743 112 1.209779483 -3.183873524 113 -2.166080970 1.209779483 114 -1.980840043 -2.166080970 115 -5.761670765 -1.980840043 116 -4.481120075 -5.761670765 117 -0.628430775 -4.481120075 118 -2.292845667 -0.628430775 119 -1.853538716 -2.292845667 120 -1.364927817 -1.853538716 121 NA -1.364927817 > dum1 <- dum[2:length(myerror),] > dum1 lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror [1,] 4.361670765 3.214579376 [2,] 3.392565636 4.361670765 [3,] 3.937531217 3.392565636 [4,] 3.579463319 3.937531217 [5,] 6.854635409 3.579463319 [6,] 7.365392608 6.854635409 [7,] 5.832840980 7.365392608 [8,] -4.111436239 5.832840980 [9,] -3.933230668 -4.111436239 [10,] -9.147989741 -3.933230668 [11,] 0.214080033 -9.147989741 [12,] -5.723513703 0.214080033 [13,] -0.677110676 -5.723513703 [14,] 0.253095832 -0.677110676 [15,] -2.201938586 0.253095832 [16,] -8.234490213 -2.201938586 [17,] -3.261383209 -8.234490213 [18,] -1.626486463 -3.261383209 [19,] -2.034898544 -1.626486463 [20,] -1.754347854 -2.034898544 [21,] -3.452002735 -1.754347854 [22,] 0.558066101 -3.452002735 [23,] 1.594619603 0.558066101 [24,] 0.432197958 1.594619603 [25,] -2.373808283 0.432197958 [26,] 1.230881954 -2.373808283 [27,] -4.821399015 1.230881954 [28,] -2.652573918 -4.821399015 [29,] -0.827057646 -2.652573918 [30,] -0.091472538 -0.827057646 [31,] -2.499884618 -0.091472538 [32,] 0.780666072 -2.499884618 [33,] -3.916988810 0.780666072 [34,] 3.767563755 -3.916988810 [35,] -1.195882744 3.767563755 [36,] -3.156927664 -1.195882744 [37,] -2.110524637 -3.156927664 [38,] -1.955490219 -2.110524637 [39,] -2.611901362 -1.955490219 [40,] 4.603826105 -2.611901362 [41,] -0.446518076 4.603826105 [42,] -3.012998055 -0.446518076 [43,] -2.142796233 -3.012998055 [44,] -5.761557181 -2.142796233 [45,] -3.335072515 -5.761557181 [46,] -3.100175769 -3.335072515 [47,] -2.637417634 -3.100175769 [48,] -1.172257920 -2.637417634 [49,] -3.203092071 -1.172257920 [50,] -0.745992566 -3.203092071 [51,] -4.976199074 -0.745992566 [52,] -4.458406520 -4.976199074 [53,] -1.857718158 -4.458406520 [54,] -2.997993503 -1.857718158 [55,] 1.368766508 -2.997993503 [56,] 1.223112563 1.368766508 [57,] 1.726834407 1.223112563 [58,] 1.310698609 1.726834407 [59,] 0.323800926 1.310698609 [60,] 2.812411824 0.323800926 [61,] 2.882266036 2.812411824 [62,] 3.037300454 2.882266036 [63,] 4.357438126 3.037300454 [64,] 2.774542318 4.357438126 [65,] 5.600058590 2.774542318 [66,] 3.110815788 5.600058590 [67,] 7.376887437 3.110815788 [68,] 4.580200949 7.376887437 [69,] 6.107373977 4.580200949 [70,] 5.117442813 6.107373977 [71,] 2.905717221 5.117442813 [72,] -0.582220696 2.905717221 [73,] -0.008924673 -0.582220696 [74,] -0.629062345 -0.008924673 [75,] 6.241419508 -0.629062345 [76,] 6.984039972 6.241419508 [77,] 1.484039972 6.984039972 [78,] 2.568592536 1.484039972 [79,] 6.260868818 2.568592536 [80,] 3.215903236 6.260868818 [81,] 5.618936717 3.215903236 [82,] 3.504866006 5.618936717 [83,] 1.541419508 3.504866006 [84,] 1.355546679 1.541419508 [85,] 1.502638067 1.355546679 [86,] -0.892671696 1.502638067 [87,] 3.900572981 -0.892671696 [88,] -0.031290284 3.900572981 [89,] 2.019053897 -0.031290284 [90,] 3.103606461 2.019053897 [91,] -2.777912622 3.103606461 [92,] 5.626777615 -2.777912622 [93,] 2.704294824 5.626777615 [94,] -0.060808431 2.704294824 [95,] 2.099884618 -0.060808431 [96,] 1.363667607 2.099884618 [97,] 1.634898544 1.363667607 [98,] -1.062476306 1.634898544 [99,] -0.641650272 -1.062476306 [100,] -3.774890261 -0.641650272 [101,] -7.399029808 -3.774890261 [102,] -6.438616791 -7.399029808 [103,] -5.622200962 -6.438616791 [104,] 0.681800913 -5.622200962 [105,] -0.891714421 0.681800913 [106,] 0.343182324 -0.891714421 [107,] -2.992682815 0.343182324 [108,] 2.821444355 -2.992682815 [109,] -2.008013071 2.821444355 [110,] -2.628150743 -2.008013071 [111,] -3.183873524 -2.628150743 [112,] 1.209779483 -3.183873524 [113,] -2.166080970 1.209779483 [114,] -1.980840043 -2.166080970 [115,] -5.761670765 -1.980840043 [116,] -4.481120075 -5.761670765 [117,] -0.628430775 -4.481120075 [118,] -2.292845667 -0.628430775 [119,] -1.853538716 -2.292845667 [120,] -1.364927817 -1.853538716 > z <- as.data.frame(dum1) > z lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror 1 4.361670765 3.214579376 2 3.392565636 4.361670765 3 3.937531217 3.392565636 4 3.579463319 3.937531217 5 6.854635409 3.579463319 6 7.365392608 6.854635409 7 5.832840980 7.365392608 8 -4.111436239 5.832840980 9 -3.933230668 -4.111436239 10 -9.147989741 -3.933230668 11 0.214080033 -9.147989741 12 -5.723513703 0.214080033 13 -0.677110676 -5.723513703 14 0.253095832 -0.677110676 15 -2.201938586 0.253095832 16 -8.234490213 -2.201938586 17 -3.261383209 -8.234490213 18 -1.626486463 -3.261383209 19 -2.034898544 -1.626486463 20 -1.754347854 -2.034898544 21 -3.452002735 -1.754347854 22 0.558066101 -3.452002735 23 1.594619603 0.558066101 24 0.432197958 1.594619603 25 -2.373808283 0.432197958 26 1.230881954 -2.373808283 27 -4.821399015 1.230881954 28 -2.652573918 -4.821399015 29 -0.827057646 -2.652573918 30 -0.091472538 -0.827057646 31 -2.499884618 -0.091472538 32 0.780666072 -2.499884618 33 -3.916988810 0.780666072 34 3.767563755 -3.916988810 35 -1.195882744 3.767563755 36 -3.156927664 -1.195882744 37 -2.110524637 -3.156927664 38 -1.955490219 -2.110524637 39 -2.611901362 -1.955490219 40 4.603826105 -2.611901362 41 -0.446518076 4.603826105 42 -3.012998055 -0.446518076 43 -2.142796233 -3.012998055 44 -5.761557181 -2.142796233 45 -3.335072515 -5.761557181 46 -3.100175769 -3.335072515 47 -2.637417634 -3.100175769 48 -1.172257920 -2.637417634 49 -3.203092071 -1.172257920 50 -0.745992566 -3.203092071 51 -4.976199074 -0.745992566 52 -4.458406520 -4.976199074 53 -1.857718158 -4.458406520 54 -2.997993503 -1.857718158 55 1.368766508 -2.997993503 56 1.223112563 1.368766508 57 1.726834407 1.223112563 58 1.310698609 1.726834407 59 0.323800926 1.310698609 60 2.812411824 0.323800926 61 2.882266036 2.812411824 62 3.037300454 2.882266036 63 4.357438126 3.037300454 64 2.774542318 4.357438126 65 5.600058590 2.774542318 66 3.110815788 5.600058590 67 7.376887437 3.110815788 68 4.580200949 7.376887437 69 6.107373977 4.580200949 70 5.117442813 6.107373977 71 2.905717221 5.117442813 72 -0.582220696 2.905717221 73 -0.008924673 -0.582220696 74 -0.629062345 -0.008924673 75 6.241419508 -0.629062345 76 6.984039972 6.241419508 77 1.484039972 6.984039972 78 2.568592536 1.484039972 79 6.260868818 2.568592536 80 3.215903236 6.260868818 81 5.618936717 3.215903236 82 3.504866006 5.618936717 83 1.541419508 3.504866006 84 1.355546679 1.541419508 85 1.502638067 1.355546679 86 -0.892671696 1.502638067 87 3.900572981 -0.892671696 88 -0.031290284 3.900572981 89 2.019053897 -0.031290284 90 3.103606461 2.019053897 91 -2.777912622 3.103606461 92 5.626777615 -2.777912622 93 2.704294824 5.626777615 94 -0.060808431 2.704294824 95 2.099884618 -0.060808431 96 1.363667607 2.099884618 97 1.634898544 1.363667607 98 -1.062476306 1.634898544 99 -0.641650272 -1.062476306 100 -3.774890261 -0.641650272 101 -7.399029808 -3.774890261 102 -6.438616791 -7.399029808 103 -5.622200962 -6.438616791 104 0.681800913 -5.622200962 105 -0.891714421 0.681800913 106 0.343182324 -0.891714421 107 -2.992682815 0.343182324 108 2.821444355 -2.992682815 109 -2.008013071 2.821444355 110 -2.628150743 -2.008013071 111 -3.183873524 -2.628150743 112 1.209779483 -3.183873524 113 -2.166080970 1.209779483 114 -1.980840043 -2.166080970 115 -5.761670765 -1.980840043 116 -4.481120075 -5.761670765 117 -0.628430775 -4.481120075 118 -2.292845667 -0.628430775 119 -1.853538716 -2.292845667 120 -1.364927817 -1.853538716 > plot(z,main=paste('Residual Lag plot, lowess, and regression line'), ylab='values of Residuals', xlab='lagged values of Residuals') > lines(lowess(z)) > abline(lm(z)) > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/79vqa1258732455.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > acf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Autocorrelation Function') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/8kyw51258732455.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > pacf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Partial Autocorrelation Function') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/94v5n1258732455.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > opar <- par(mfrow = c(2,2), oma = c(0, 0, 1.1, 0)) > plot(mylm, las = 1, sub='Residual Diagnostics') > par(opar) > dev.off() null device 1 > if (n > n25) { + postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/10euu91258732455.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) + plot(kp3:nmkm3,gqarr[,2], main='Goldfeld-Quandt test',ylab='2-sided p-value',xlab='breakpoint') + grid() + dev.off() + } null device 1 > > #Note: the /var/www/html/rcomp/createtable file can be downloaded at http://www.wessa.net/cretab > load(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/createtable") > > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Estimated Regression Equation', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > myeq <- colnames(x)[1] > myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t] = ', sep='') > for (i in 1:k){ + if (mysum$coefficients[i,1] > 0) myeq <- paste(myeq, '+', '') + myeq <- paste(myeq, mysum$coefficients[i,1], sep=' ') + if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != '(Intercept)') { + myeq <- paste(myeq, rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i], sep='') + if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != 't') myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t]', sep='') + } + } > myeq <- paste(myeq, ' + e[t]') > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, myeq) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/11kpcy1258732455.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/ols1.htm','Multiple Linear Regression - Ordinary Least Squares',''), 6, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'Variable',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'Parameter',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'S.D.',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'T-STAT
H0: parameter = 0',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'2-tail p-value',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'1-tail p-value',header=TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > for (i in 1:k){ + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i],header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,mysum$coefficients[i,1]) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,2],6)) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,3],4)) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4],6)) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4]/2,6)) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/12br4s1258732455.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Regression Statistics', 2, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple R',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, sqrt(mysum$r.squared)) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'R-squared',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$r.squared) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Adjusted R-squared',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$adj.r.squared) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (value)',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[1]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF numerator)',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[2]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF denominator)',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[3]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'p-value',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 1-pf(mysum$fstatistic[1],mysum$fstatistic[2],mysum$fstatistic[3])) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Residual Statistics', 2, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Residual Standard Deviation',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$sigma) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Sum Squared Residuals',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, sum(myerror*myerror)) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/13ueft1258732455.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Actuals, Interpolation, and Residuals', 4, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Time or Index', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 'Actuals', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 'Interpolation
Forecast', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 'Residuals
Prediction Error', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > for (i in 1:n) { + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,i, 1, TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,x[i]) + a<-table.element(a,x[i]-mysum$resid[i]) + a<-table.element(a,mysum$resid[i]) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/146dvv1258732455.tab") > if (n > n25) { + a<-table.start() + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'p-values',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'Alternative Hypothesis',3,header=TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'breakpoint index',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'greater',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'2-sided',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'less',header=TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) { + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,mypoint,header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,1]) + a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2]) + a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,3]) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } + a<-table.end(a) + table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/156rih1258732455.tab") + a<-table.start() + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'Meta Analysis of Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'Description',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'# significant tests',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'% significant tests',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'OK/NOK',header=TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'1% type I error level',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1/numgqtests) + if (numsignificant1/numgqtests < 0.01) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK' + a<-table.element(a,dum) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'5% type I error level',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5/numgqtests) + if (numsignificant5/numgqtests < 0.05) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK' + a<-table.element(a,dum) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'10% type I error level',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10/numgqtests) + if (numsignificant10/numgqtests < 0.1) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK' + a<-table.element(a,dum) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.end(a) + table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/16hlsp1258732455.tab") + } > > system("convert tmp/1fqiz1258732455.ps tmp/1fqiz1258732455.png") > system("convert tmp/2itah1258732455.ps tmp/2itah1258732455.png") > system("convert tmp/30g871258732455.ps tmp/30g871258732455.png") > system("convert tmp/44bbq1258732455.ps tmp/44bbq1258732455.png") > system("convert tmp/50asu1258732455.ps tmp/50asu1258732455.png") > system("convert tmp/6qpcj1258732455.ps tmp/6qpcj1258732455.png") > system("convert tmp/79vqa1258732455.ps tmp/79vqa1258732455.png") > system("convert tmp/8kyw51258732455.ps tmp/8kyw51258732455.png") > system("convert tmp/94v5n1258732455.ps tmp/94v5n1258732455.png") > system("convert tmp/10euu91258732455.ps tmp/10euu91258732455.png") > > > proc.time() user system elapsed 3.325 1.637 3.702