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*The author of this computation has been verified*
R Software Module: /rwasp_multipleregression.wasp (opens new window with default values)
Title produced by software: Multiple Regression
Date of computation: Sun, 05 Dec 2010 20:18:32 +0000
 
Cite this page as follows:
Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx.htm/, Retrieved Sun, 05 Dec 2010 21:17:23 +0100
 
BibTeX entries for LaTeX users:
@Manual{KEY,
    author = {{YOUR NAME}},
    publisher = {Office for Research Development and Education},
    title = {Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx.htm/},
    year = {2010},
}
@Manual{R,
    title = {R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing},
    author = {{R Development Core Team}},
    organization = {R Foundation for Statistical Computing},
    address = {Vienna, Austria},
    year = {2010},
    note = {{ISBN} 3-900051-07-0},
    url = {http://www.R-project.org},
}
 
Original text written by user:
 
IsPrivate?
No (this computation is public)
 
User-defined keywords:
 
Dataseries X:
» Textbox « » Textfile « » CSV «
1 1 41 38 13 12 14 1 1 39 32 16 11 18 1 1 30 35 19 15 11 1 0 31 33 15 6 12 1 1 34 37 14 13 16 1 1 35 29 13 10 18 1 1 39 31 19 12 14 1 1 34 36 15 14 14 1 1 36 35 14 12 15 1 1 37 38 15 9 15 1 0 38 31 16 10 17 1 1 36 34 16 12 19 1 0 38 35 16 12 10 1 1 39 38 16 11 16 1 1 33 37 17 15 18 1 0 32 33 15 12 14 1 0 36 32 15 10 14 1 1 38 38 20 12 17 1 0 39 38 18 11 14 1 1 32 32 16 12 16 1 0 32 33 16 11 18 1 1 31 31 16 12 11 1 1 39 38 19 13 14 1 1 37 39 16 11 12 1 0 39 32 17 12 17 1 1 41 32 17 13 9 1 0 36 35 16 10 16 1 1 33 37 15 14 14 1 1 33 33 16 12 15 1 0 34 33 14 10 11 1 1 31 31 15 12 16 1 0 27 32 12 8 13 1 1 37 31 14 10 17 1 1 34 37 16 12 15 1 0 34 30 14 12 14 1 0 32 33 10 7 16 1 0 29 31 10 9 9 1 0 36 33 14 12 15 1 1 29 31 16 10 17 1 0 35 33 16 10 13 1 0 37 32 16 10 15 1 1 34 33 14 12 16 1 0 38 32 20 15 16 1 0 35 33 14 10 12 1 1 38 28 14 10 15 1 1 37 35 11 12 11 1 1 38 39 14 13 15 1 1 33 34 15 11 15 1 1 36 38 16 11 17 1 0 38 32 14 12 13 1 1 32 38 16 14 16 1 0 32 30 1 etc...
 
Output produced by software:

Enter (or paste) a matrix (table) containing all data (time) series. Every column represents a different variable and must be delimited by a space or Tab. Every row represents a period in time (or category) and must be delimited by hard returns. The easiest way to enter data is to copy and paste a block of spreadsheet cells. Please, do not use commas or spaces to seperate groups of digits!


Summary of computational transaction
Raw Inputview raw input (R code)
Raw Outputview raw output of R engine
Computing time17 seconds
R Server'George Udny Yule' @ 72.249.76.132


Multiple Linear Regression - Estimated Regression Equation
Happiness[t] = + 10.5667844818342 + 0.998144277551916Pop[t] + 0.790351801127384Gender[t] + 0.0273029937954519Connected[t] -0.0159940655898807Separate[t] + 0.118947366727600Learning[t] -0.0160951875172021Software[t] + e[t]


Multiple Linear Regression - Ordinary Least Squares
VariableParameterS.D.T-STAT
H0: parameter = 0
2-tail p-value1-tail p-value
(Intercept)10.56678448183421.4280957.399200
Pop0.9981442775519160.3079843.24090.0013350.000667
Gender0.7903518011273840.2886972.73770.0065830.003291
Connected0.02730299379545190.0413030.6610.5091270.254563
Separate-0.01599406558988070.042953-0.37240.7099050.354953
Learning0.1189473667276000.0740591.60610.1093730.054687
Software-0.01609518751720210.079388-0.20270.8394840.419742


Multiple Linear Regression - Regression Statistics
Multiple R0.341681220105783
R-squared0.116746056172977
Adjusted R-squared0.0978865413581648
F-TEST (value)6.19030008562503
F-TEST (DF numerator)6
F-TEST (DF denominator)281
p-value4.06812294373449e-06
Multiple Linear Regression - Residual Statistics
Residual Standard Deviation2.36852463154137
Sum Squared Residuals1576.38440939131


Multiple Linear Regression - Actuals, Interpolation, and Residuals
Time or IndexActualsInterpolation
Forecast
Residuals
Prediction Error
11414.2201023309641-0.220102330964103
21814.63439802461243.3656019753876
31114.6331502337977-3.63315023379767
41213.5711567783899-1.57115677838991
51614.14782761919611.85217238080388
61814.23242133353463.76757866646538
71414.9911390028679-0.991139002867864
81414.2666738639964-0.266673863996394
91514.25051692548400.749483074516018
101514.3970706517890.602929348211001
111713.84883248279663.15116751720337
121914.50440572452914.49559427547094
131013.7526658454027-3.7526658454027
141614.53843363107311.4615663689269
151814.44517635054913.55482364945094
161413.50188864708220.498111352917848
171413.65928506288820.340714937111756
181714.97082491667082.02917508332915
191413.98597656340090.0140234365990846
201614.42718188052701.57281811947298
211813.63693120132704.36306879867305
221114.4158729523214-3.41587295232145
231414.8630853562215-0.863085356221496
241214.4678335778923-2.46783357789231
251713.94689840269543.05310159730460
26914.7757610038965-5.77576100389648
271613.73025023284622.26974976715380
281414.2233768046111-0.223376804611061
291514.43849080873260.561509191267411
301113.4697376429799-2.46973764297986
311614.29692558559381.70307441440615
321313.0889063935808-0.0889063935807798
331714.37398655667342.62601344332664
341514.40181754016850.598182459831482
351413.48552946471510.514470535284903
361612.98762775103023.01237224896984
37912.9055165257892-3.90551652578916
381513.49215325553641.50784674446364
391714.39345733976492.60654266023505
401313.7349353702305-0.734935370230512
411513.80553542341131.19446457658870
421614.22789906907281.77210093092716
431614.22815194653111.77184805346886
441213.4970406367753-1.49704063677531
451514.44927174723850.550728252761545
461113.9209778190966-2.92097781909663
471514.22505146319820.774948536801839
481514.31964456393230.68035543606769
491714.45652464968672.54347535031326
501313.5627533087171-0.562753308717143
511614.29902711195331.70097288804667
521413.46311385215860.536886147841402
531113.1450465468994-2.14504654689935
541214.3697282870614-2.36972828706143
551212.9168648249268-0.916864824926845
561514.37439104438260.625608955617353
571614.58631470591541.41368529408458
581514.31328476796090.6867152320391
591213.6065166068070-1.60651660680697
601214.5092931057680-2.50929310576802
61813.2508868248439-5.25088682484386
621313.7686599109926-0.768659910992583
631114.4016152963139-3.40161529631387
641414.1300971440239-0.130097144023925
651514.49778193370780.502218066292198
661013.7416209120470-3.74162091204698
671114.6941160173600-3.69411601735998
681213.9161843407305-1.91618434073054
691514.01456084546570.985439154534266
701513.63876873283661.36123126716341
711413.08736832951600.912631670483972
721614.08211494725431.91788505274572
731514.57553376740960.424466232590447
741513.86240581028421.13759418971578
751313.7714063949399-0.77140639493994
761214.8175238975541-2.81752389755415
771714.46763133403772.53236866596233
781314.513877121225-1.51387712122500
791513.18677006962491.81322993037510
801313.8533153763263-0.853315376326296
811513.60015681083561.39984318916444
821514.42912053396400.57087946603603
831613.63840361605942.36159638394059
841514.29234157013690.707658429863142
851414.5026693149468-0.502669314946754
861513.49908041213961.50091958786041
871414.4224967431427-0.422496743142708
881314.3452728991407-1.34527289914066
89714.319543442005-7.31954344200499
901713.90839872001323.09160127998675
911314.6070556598848-1.60705565988482
921514.36514427160440.634855728395553
931414.3722107761589-0.372210776158940
941314.0204189301376-1.02041893013762
951614.58651694977011.41348305022994
961214.4996194652174-2.49961946521743
971414.5733704900549-0.57337049005486
981713.74135691719713.25864308280287
991513.36714945861931.63285054138069
1001714.49483320590582.5051667940942
1011213.7414580391245-1.74145803912445
1021614.88392743211821.11607256788178
1031113.5979541625488-2.59795416254876
1041514.35862160271050.641378397289493
105913.4984119295804-4.49841192958045
1061614.66196501325771.33803498674231
1071513.77059856442951.22940143557046
1081013.714155045329-3.714155045329
1091014.1722606270538-4.17226062705379
1101514.34058776175640.659412238243648
1111114.3516944461073-3.35169444610728
1121314.4182778444629-1.41827784446289
1131814.08810962644853.91189037355148
1141613.99514459431492.00485540568511
1151414.0725424286310-0.0725424286310211
1161414.1803213600125-0.180321360012484
1171414.0657557648872-0.0657557648872282
1181414.5270235809402-0.527023580940206
1191213.2434158325801-1.24341583258008
1201414.4637540271638-0.463754027163767
1211514.12219928398780.877800716012237
1221514.43554208093060.564457919069411
1231514.41734536705390.582654632946097
1241314.3355992585901-1.33559925859008
1251713.74119404427463.2588059557254
1261714.77790190118812.22209809881192
1271914.31984680778704.68015319221305
1281514.03340251693030.966597483069707
1291313.6530263888442-0.653026388844156
130912.8300290913694-3.83002909136942
1311514.63001625301000.369983746989962
1321513.07260896220891.92739103779107
1331513.43948592138241.56051407861759
1341614.35621671056911.64378328943094
1351113.3790022224854-2.37900222248544
1361413.54060169101050.459398308989503
1371113.7620472375629-2.76204723756287
1381514.06569401389200.934305986107981
1391313.0150936177481-0.0150936177481430
1401514.45957449941610.540425500583935
1411613.43159195968332.56840804031667
1421414.3952555003425-0.395255500342466
1431513.76956886343031.23043113656969
1441614.01229644618371.98770355381628
1451614.72895175441441.27104824558558
1461113.3252236920391-2.32522369203912
1471213.6528241449895-1.65282414498951
148913.4101825231548-4.41018252315479
1491613.84583312139102.15416687860903
1501314.4851989362873-1.48519893628733
1511613.64375723600292.35624276399714
1521214.4937035278874-2.49370352788742
153914.3854977287336-5.38549772873358
1541313.8211754896156-0.821175489615556
1551414.0869405774980-0.0869405774980255
1561914.31984680778704.68015319221305
1571314.4978830556351-1.49788305563512
1581213.9198087701461-1.91980877014614
1591012.2734835012613-2.27348350126134
1601412.29593848475001.70406151525005
1611612.87326669072373.12673330927626
1621013.2849281397436-3.28492813974364
1631111.8029465323671-0.802946532367067
1641412.34628620272891.65371379727107
1651212.7824412656936-0.782441265693551
166913.0308370968439-4.03083709684392
167912.4222005049211-3.42220050492105
1681112.4280716821249-1.42807168212487
1691613.45827925020752.54172074979250
170912.3928314573611-3.39283145736114
1711312.70693145121070.293068548789283
1721613.12643637360602.87356362639397
1731312.48785142586770.512148574132325
174913.1381497895209-4.13814978952089
1751212.1885640410778-0.188564041077778
1761613.21202431634872.78797568365127
1771113.0853813334396-2.08538133343961
1781413.47427331579740.525726684202615
1791312.25441720587900.745582794120957
1801512.85596308332392.14403691667606
1811412.68355639789281.31644360210717
1821612.26840499355933.7315950064407
1831313.3650613406156-0.365061340615577
1841412.85095220009461.14904779990544
1851513.24083909580881.75916090419125
1861312.07918919297340.920810807026561
1871112.0926390184706-1.09263901847061
1881113.1271666071604-2.12716660716038
1891413.46490304102880.535096958971234
1901513.08211075812961.91788924187036
1911113.4470714439293-2.44707144392925
1921513.10438587782671.89561412217330
1931212.5602890105581-0.560289010558091
1941413.54792321870750.452076781292509
1951413.37637026882110.623629731178851
196812.4603855591497-4.46038555914969
197912.6160679454366-3.61606794543657
1981512.24654562424312.75345437575693
1991712.16283458394214.8371654160579
2001312.21750232252820.782497677471782
2011513.3697858489321.630214151068
2021513.31681514899611.68318485100392
2031413.44707144392930.552928556070745
2041612.65661852087453.34338147912545
2051312.16935725283600.830642747163955
2061612.59054073215553.40945926784446
207912.9918600580657-3.99186005806572
2081612.21669449201783.78330550798219
2091112.4238751635082-1.42387516350815
2101012.5295131975980-2.52951319759802
2111113.4629643875918-2.46296438759181
2121512.43572792737432.56427207262572
2131713.54340095424573.45659904575429
2141413.38246606994270.617533930057294
215812.4074542301459-4.40745423014589
2161513.30734375230011.69265624769986
2171112.3477586174614-1.34775861746139
2181612.53282314384013.46717685615989
2191013.3373932300430-3.33739323004295
2201512.18387890369352.81612109630653
2211612.51005353189803.48994646810201
2221912.40567844963156.59432155036853
2231212.4443914935598-0.444391493559812
224812.1308464527623-4.13084645276234
2251112.2178056883102-1.21780568831018
2261413.25536074666620.744639253333823
227911.8885305767727-2.88853057677268
2281512.70326879577122.29673120422883
2291313.8644748399651-0.864474839965083
2301613.15899186541762.84100813458239
2311112.2013453840158-1.20134538401581
2321211.47639162637670.523608373623256
2331312.47102600479610.528973995203875
2341013.3631226871786-3.36312268717862
2351112.1739806392251-1.17398063922514
2361212.0907621160289-0.0907621160288627
237812.2129183070712-4.21291830707123
2381212.0246225763146-0.0246225763146469
2391212.4443297425646-0.444329742564602
2401112.0973859068501-1.09738590685012
2411312.40109443417450.598905565825521
2421412.87285094034291.12714905965709
2431012.8386246882813-2.83862468828132
2441212.8931295539449-0.893129553944902
2451512.06513378082052.93486621917949
2461312.03278053286360.967219467136424
2471313.1270431051700-0.127043105169957
2481313.5046261593222-0.504626159322158
2491212.3156076133591-0.315607613359097
2501212.4554981779107-0.45549817791074
251912.6406244552847-3.64062445528467
252913.2282206257933-4.22822062579326
2531513.1928175281071.807182471893
2541012.2604230024648-2.26042300246483
2551413.22165858596720.778341414032796
2561512.00259056226132.99740943773867
257712.2788725937998-5.27887259379982
2581412.36716764955781.63283235044223
259812.6515682667131-4.65156826671306
2601013.2941355415897-3.29413554158973
2611312.07757628538150.922423714618452
2621312.21754169346030.78245830653967
2631313.4741104428749-0.474110442874854
264812.1017059274573-4.10170592745726
2651212.3962464238676-0.396246423867639
2661313.1619405932196-0.161940593219607
2671213.5544458876014-1.55444588760143
2681012.3048660457853-2.30486604578534
2691313.4469703220019-0.446970322001933
2701212.6451073488143-0.645107348814335
271912.1314138133942-3.13141381339416
2721512.5303676180952.469632381905
2731312.68208398316040.317916016839630
2741312.05357197515660.94642802484336
2751312.67291595224640.327084047753606
2761511.26356176583523.73643823416484
2771512.3270176634922.67298233650801
2781412.61774260402371.38225739597633
2791513.18645773213561.81354226786441
2801112.1647732373791-1.16477323737906
2811512.81849783021032.18150216978969
2821413.34890440210320.651095597896834
2831312.12264912528130.877350874718697
2841212.0592278159739-0.0592278159738843
2851612.74535353693683.25464646306319
2861612.0185228768563.98147712314400
287913.407084330786-4.40708433078601
2881413.12054281633910.879457183660885


Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity
p-valuesAlternative Hypothesis
breakpoint indexgreater2-sidedless
100.3589301962955220.7178603925910450.641069803704478
110.4487396876855560.8974793753711110.551260312314444
120.676362865935150.64727426812970.32363713406485
130.6959734867083030.6080530265833940.304026513291697
140.6341850059269370.7316299881461250.365814994073063
150.8302230627583580.3395538744832840.169776937241642
160.7738065304946030.4523869390107940.226193469505397
170.6983294533030150.603341093393970.301670546696985
180.7191537171461880.5616925657076230.280846282853812
190.6660026814180970.6679946371638070.333997318581903
200.5904267733496440.8191464533007110.409573226650356
210.7546014188235550.490797162352890.245398581176445
220.8652311654344620.2695376691310760.134768834565538
230.8315993598352470.3368012803295060.168400640164753
240.8378553427362720.3242893145274570.162144657263728
250.8168597219195340.3662805561609310.183140278080466
260.968551520659460.06289695868108010.0314484793405401
270.9608336624262170.0783326751475650.0391663375737825
280.9467241720787240.1065516558425510.0532758279212756
290.9284088656786070.1431822686427860.0715911343213932
300.9438271774300670.1123456451398660.0561728225699328
310.9291333034983180.1417333930033630.0708666965016816
320.9124993263194140.1750013473611720.087500673680586
330.8982220830356550.203555833928690.101777916964345
340.8720176947565470.2559646104869060.127982305243453
350.8416220143207010.3167559713585980.158377985679299
360.8215886607646540.3568226784706920.178411339235346
370.900462703375630.1990745932487410.0995372966243703
380.8818460420093280.2363079159813430.118153957990672
390.8734002203748460.2531995592503080.126599779625154
400.8504716250900350.2990567498199290.149528374909965
410.821997821582560.3560043568348790.178002178417440
420.7957494837921810.4085010324156390.204250516207819
430.778570480601810.442859038796380.22142951939819
440.7635465968151270.4729068063697460.236453403184873
450.7312693739187080.5374612521625830.268730626081292
460.7537136926558720.4925726146882560.246286307344128
470.7208576261279070.5582847477441860.279142373872093
480.680279122976030.639441754047940.31972087702397
490.6725254466873540.6549491066252920.327474553312646
500.6318152810322010.7363694379355980.368184718967799
510.6079403635105720.7841192729788560.392059636489428
520.5635953527425080.8728092945149850.436404647257492
530.5444565894529960.9110868210940080.455543410547004
540.5495369763390490.9009260473219020.450463023660951
550.5154499881338380.9691000237323240.484550011866162
560.474046038039220.948092076078440.52595396196078
570.4372026684110200.8744053368220410.56279733158898
580.3949176341961660.7898352683923310.605082365803834
590.3692218517886130.7384437035772260.630778148211387
600.4044744472561930.8089488945123860.595525552743807
610.5756277666817000.8487444666365990.424372233318300
620.5381879071980540.923624185603890.461812092801946
630.5885733832630170.8228532334739670.411426616736983
640.5470751894879780.9058496210240450.452924810512023
650.5059578918205860.9880842163588270.494042108179414
660.5515108243963890.8969783512072230.448489175603611
670.6187969067742870.7624061864514260.381203093225713
680.6037398125263790.7925203749472420.396260187473621
690.5698908132998820.8602183734002350.430109186700118
700.550651461975650.89869707604870.44934853802435
710.5157733782003230.9684532435993540.484226621799677
720.5010413104029550.997917379194090.498958689597045
730.4620034216494790.9240068432989590.53799657835052
740.4339341257260540.8678682514521080.566065874273946
750.3964259470560430.7928518941120870.603574052943957
760.4314173027950760.8628346055901520.568582697204924
770.4289944175642120.8579888351284250.571005582435788
780.4066677511441070.8133355022882130.593332248855893
790.4021973578828380.8043947157656760.597802642117162
800.36708515871030.73417031742060.6329148412897
810.3437648218731850.687529643746370.656235178126815
820.3098324399174680.6196648798349360.690167560082532
830.3109567491220750.621913498244150.689043250877925
840.2801975282161060.5603950564322110.719802471783894
850.2500262471477820.5000524942955640.749973752852218
860.2277907686762490.4555815373524970.772209231323751
870.2010981076546890.4021962153093770.798901892345311
880.1816289684830050.363257936966010.818371031516995
890.4511523591322010.9023047182644020.548847640867799
900.4707897929123550.941579585824710.529210207087645
910.4454848233103920.8909696466207850.554515176689607
920.4105699926502760.8211399853005520.589430007349724
930.3758668149939840.7517336299879690.624133185006016
940.3441655051020040.6883310102040080.655834494897996
950.317936720649880.635873441299760.68206327935012
960.3227240358812070.6454480717624140.677275964118793
970.2922936381388600.5845872762777190.70770636186114
980.3186216950297520.6372433900595040.681378304970248
990.2984189399220420.5968378798440840.701581060077958
1000.3005779362387990.6011558724775980.699422063761201
1010.2905822309114930.5811644618229860.709417769088507
1020.2665905655731930.5331811311463850.733409434426807
1030.2629071912177950.5258143824355910.737092808782205
1040.2357555602390990.4715111204781980.764244439760901
1050.3097611498963740.6195222997927470.690238850103626
1060.2867121705487310.5734243410974620.713287829451269
1070.2612791190392620.5225582380785250.738720880960738
1080.3110634766648070.6221269533296150.688936523335193
1090.4144415147256980.8288830294513960.585558485274302
1100.3824582429462990.7649164858925980.617541757053701
1110.4129733794621660.8259467589243320.587026620537834
1120.3997615191835740.7995230383671490.600238480816426
1130.4582833707856130.9165667415712270.541716629214387
1140.4492122867866670.8984245735733330.550787713213333
1150.4153309314918560.8306618629837120.584669068508144
1160.383279935184240.766559870368480.61672006481576
1170.3502916292782120.7005832585564230.649708370721788
1180.3205532640351350.641106528070270.679446735964865
1190.2986424234429780.5972848468859560.701357576557022
1200.2703321771503180.5406643543006350.729667822849682
1210.2451851206908340.4903702413816670.754814879309166
1220.2196815668102110.4393631336204220.780318433189789
1230.1968589079258730.3937178158517460.803141092074127
1240.1796395477917170.3592790955834340.820360452208283
1250.1988475034553790.3976950069107580.801152496544621
1260.1913689923741290.3827379847482570.808631007625871
1270.2652101485545720.5304202971091440.734789851445428
1280.2436786629588770.4873573259177540.756321337041123
1290.2187630842445110.4375261684890220.781236915755489
1300.2491278350974650.4982556701949290.750872164902535
1310.2254430757206770.4508861514413540.774556924279323
1320.2250179617351040.4500359234702080.774982038264896
1330.2110282611727630.4220565223455260.788971738827237
1340.2028393766962820.4056787533925640.797160623303718
1350.1969463159430630.3938926318861260.803053684056937
1360.1751378119111260.3502756238222530.824862188088874
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1550.1502181275477370.3004362550954740.849781872452263
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1600.1782227832919070.3564455665838130.821777216708093
1610.1821194538170060.3642389076340110.817880546182994
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1640.1773464860552170.3546929721104350.822653513944783
1650.1601001197366060.3202002394732110.839899880263394
1660.2003486231673870.4006972463347740.799651376832613
1670.2246868111919780.4493736223839570.775313188808022
1680.2036561757266050.407312351453210.796343824273395
1690.2131016564483290.4262033128966580.786898343551671
1700.2323268519401950.4646537038803910.767673148059805
1710.2112122394872660.4224244789745310.788787760512734
1720.2278865022934660.4557730045869330.772113497706534
1730.2041882302066070.4083764604132140.795811769793393
1740.2459034817404630.4918069634809250.754096518259537
1750.2208419399473020.4416838798946040.779158060052698
1760.2352845394926220.4705690789852450.764715460507378
1770.2245265340596280.4490530681192560.775473465940372
1780.2013422514911960.4026845029823920.798657748508804
1790.1811453784836450.362290756967290.818854621516355
1800.1768970288023880.3537940576047750.823102971197612
1810.1618709399883840.3237418799767680.838129060011616
1820.194232816546320.388465633092640.80576718345368
1830.1712324968270360.3424649936540720.828767503172964
1840.1547100124723000.3094200249445990.8452899875277
1850.1459958457873580.2919916915747160.854004154212642
1860.1289647256596880.2579294513193760.871035274340312
1870.1153172074296920.2306344148593840.884682792570308
1880.1108497019095010.2216994038190020.8891502980905
1890.09619140273331660.1923828054666330.903808597266683
1900.09171579861847130.1834315972369430.908284201381529
1910.09060778478997530.1812155695799510.909392215210025
1920.08548081693262710.1709616338652540.914519183067373
1930.07289972743172770.1457994548634550.927100272568272
1940.0622633959402280.1245267918804560.937736604059772
1950.05281755121050650.1056351024210130.947182448789494
1960.08002637952435880.1600527590487180.919973620475641
1970.09942236500929340.1988447300185870.900577634990707
1980.1014482031834510.2028964063669030.898551796816549
1990.1552252079560810.3104504159121630.844774792043919
2000.1357511690871780.2715023381743570.864248830912822
2010.1273830495936410.2547660991872810.87261695040636
2020.1197249324367920.2394498648735840.880275067563208
2030.1044023537335460.2088047074670920.895597646266454
2040.1197604275925770.2395208551851550.880239572407423
2050.1034361502474650.2068723004949300.896563849752535
2060.1209188393967460.2418376787934930.879081160603254
2070.1552191057965270.3104382115930530.844780894203473
2080.1907902893509990.3815805787019990.809209710649
2090.1730808250499020.3461616500998050.826919174950098
2100.1747906371131140.3495812742262270.825209362886887
2110.1709108530279330.3418217060558650.829089146972067
2120.1706323918487470.3412647836974950.829367608151253
2130.2073421837494090.4146843674988190.79265781625059
2140.1855575985868470.3711151971736950.814442401413153
2150.2482182833272390.4964365666544780.751781716672761
2160.2434727325053610.4869454650107230.756527267494639
2170.2222557238310570.4445114476621140.777744276168943
2180.2607927950199270.5215855900398540.739207204980073
2190.2782722690881970.5565445381763940.721727730911803
2200.2880153737978660.5760307475957320.711984626202134
2210.3408463191168510.6816926382337030.659153680883149
2220.6145075393897140.7709849212205730.385492460610286
2230.5746800132705150.850639973458970.425319986729485
2240.6560901846674050.687819630665190.343909815332595
2250.6246902452952730.7506195094094550.375309754704728
2260.59399781343150.8120043731370.4060021865685
2270.6179735421595530.7640529156808950.382026457840447
2280.6534662918060670.6930674163878670.346533708193933
2290.614358043397540.7712839132049190.385641956602460
2300.65385643724620.69228712550760.3461435627538
2310.6294620874156560.7410758251686870.370537912584344
2320.5908710789173440.8182578421653120.409128921082656
2330.5467358474500650.906528305099870.453264152549935
2340.5666843272791470.8666313454417060.433315672720853
2350.5341049240368060.9317901519263880.465895075963194
2360.4880195836187340.9760391672374680.511980416381266
2370.6268889850950410.7462220298099180.373111014904959
2380.5862898299207030.8274203401585940.413710170079297
2390.5434589520265900.9130820959468190.456541047973410
2400.5048087107187540.9903825785624930.495191289281246
2410.4642500516037340.9285001032074690.535749948396266
2420.4241249743320130.8482499486640270.575875025667987
2430.4414760114946050.882952022989210.558523988505395
2440.4126702554442550.825340510888510.587329744555745
2450.4488692141220890.8977384282441770.551130785877911
2460.4077425012565760.8154850025131520.592257498743424
2470.3783275167284250.7566550334568510.621672483271575
2480.3390859197654620.6781718395309250.660914080234538
2490.2956718673312470.5913437346624950.704328132668753
2500.2556258754795840.5112517509591690.744374124520416
2510.3116615578374460.6233231156748930.688338442162554
2520.3458447209159720.6916894418319440.654155279084028
2530.3260536084980630.6521072169961250.673946391501937
2540.3029283829282260.6058567658564530.697071617071773
2550.2593668075715240.5187336151430490.740633192428475
2560.249802070586590.499604141173180.75019792941341
2570.4419941835470340.8839883670940670.558005816452966
2580.4167138472125370.8334276944250750.583286152787463
2590.6640369454638620.6719261090722750.335963054536138
2600.6806229760068840.6387540479862320.319377023993116
2610.6287773662458140.7424452675083720.371222633754186
2620.5678354847762640.8643290304474720.432164515223736
2630.5047340813222370.9905318373555260.495265918677763
2640.7847746949329940.4304506101340130.215225305067006
2650.7368351983049980.5263296033900040.263164801695002
2660.6893183944565490.6213632110869020.310681605543451
2670.7092402447859660.5815195104280670.290759755214033
2680.7110422236851270.5779155526297450.288957776314873
2690.6336116610236150.732776677952770.366388338976385
2700.5554921133413310.8890157733173380.444507886658669
2710.6611961466867690.6776077066264620.338803853313231
2720.5734496719002750.853100656199450.426550328099725
2730.5028867468554290.9942265062891410.497113253144571
2740.4071283621693680.8142567243387360.592871637830632
2750.351473991581980.702947983163960.64852600841802
2760.2640967836558390.5281935673116780.735903216344161
2770.1897393914425700.3794787828851410.81026060855743
2780.1120300953590880.2240601907181770.887969904640912


Meta Analysis of Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity
Description# significant tests% significant testsOK/NOK
1% type I error level00OK
5% type I error level00OK
10% type I error level20.00743494423791822OK
 
Charts produced by software:
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/10mozo1291580294.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/10mozo1291580294.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/1f52d1291580294.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/1f52d1291580294.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/2f52d1291580294.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/2f52d1291580294.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/38ejx1291580294.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/38ejx1291580294.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/48ejx1291580294.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/48ejx1291580294.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/58ejx1291580294.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/58ejx1291580294.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/6jn0j1291580294.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/6jn0j1291580294.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/7bfi41291580294.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/7bfi41291580294.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/8bfi41291580294.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/8bfi41291580294.ps (open in new window)


http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/9bfi41291580294.png (open in new window)
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/05/t1291580231e5hcwygpxfop3zx/9bfi41291580294.ps (open in new window)


 
Parameters (Session):
par1 = 3 ; par2 = equal ; par3 = 2 ; par4 = no ;
 
Parameters (R input):
par1 = 7 ; par2 = Do not include Seasonal Dummies ; par3 = No Linear Trend ; par4 = no ;
 
R code (references can be found in the software module):
library(lattice)
library(lmtest)
n25 <- 25 #minimum number of obs. for Goldfeld-Quandt test
par1 <- as.numeric(par1)
x <- t(y)
k <- length(x[1,])
n <- length(x[,1])
x1 <- cbind(x[,par1], x[,1:k!=par1])
mycolnames <- c(colnames(x)[par1], colnames(x)[1:k!=par1])
colnames(x1) <- mycolnames #colnames(x)[par1]
x <- x1
if (par3 == 'First Differences'){
x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n-1,k), dimnames=list(1:(n-1), paste('(1-B)',colnames(x),sep='')))
for (i in 1:n-1) {
for (j in 1:k) {
x2[i,j] <- x[i+1,j] - x[i,j]
}
}
x <- x2
}
if (par2 == 'Include Monthly Dummies'){
x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,11), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('M', seq(1:11), sep ='')))
for (i in 1:11){
x2[seq(i,n,12),i] <- 1
}
x <- cbind(x, x2)
}
if (par2 == 'Include Quarterly Dummies'){
x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,3), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('Q', seq(1:3), sep ='')))
for (i in 1:3){
x2[seq(i,n,4),i] <- 1
}
x <- cbind(x, x2)
}
k <- length(x[1,])
if (par3 == 'Linear Trend'){
x <- cbind(x, c(1:n))
colnames(x)[k+1] <- 't'
}
x
k <- length(x[1,])
df <- as.data.frame(x)
(mylm <- lm(df))
(mysum <- summary(mylm))
if (n > n25) {
kp3 <- k + 3
nmkm3 <- n - k - 3
gqarr <- array(NA, dim=c(nmkm3-kp3+1,3))
numgqtests <- 0
numsignificant1 <- 0
numsignificant5 <- 0
numsignificant10 <- 0
for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) {
j <- 0
numgqtests <- numgqtests + 1
for (myalt in c('greater', 'two.sided', 'less')) {
j <- j + 1
gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,j] <- gqtest(mylm, point=mypoint, alternative=myalt)$p.value
}
if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.01) numsignificant1 <- numsignificant1 + 1
if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.05) numsignificant5 <- numsignificant5 + 1
if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.10) numsignificant10 <- numsignificant10 + 1
}
gqarr
}
bitmap(file='test0.png')
plot(x[,1], type='l', main='Actuals and Interpolation', ylab='value of Actuals and Interpolation (dots)', xlab='time or index')
points(x[,1]-mysum$resid)
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test1.png')
plot(mysum$resid, type='b', pch=19, main='Residuals', ylab='value of Residuals', xlab='time or index')
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test2.png')
hist(mysum$resid, main='Residual Histogram', xlab='values of Residuals')
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test3.png')
densityplot(~mysum$resid,col='black',main='Residual Density Plot', xlab='values of Residuals')
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test4.png')
qqnorm(mysum$resid, main='Residual Normal Q-Q Plot')
qqline(mysum$resid)
grid()
dev.off()
(myerror <- as.ts(mysum$resid))
bitmap(file='test5.png')
dum <- cbind(lag(myerror,k=1),myerror)
dum
dum1 <- dum[2:length(myerror),]
dum1
z <- as.data.frame(dum1)
z
plot(z,main=paste('Residual Lag plot, lowess, and regression line'), ylab='values of Residuals', xlab='lagged values of Residuals')
lines(lowess(z))
abline(lm(z))
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test6.png')
acf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Autocorrelation Function')
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test7.png')
pacf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Partial Autocorrelation Function')
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test8.png')
opar <- par(mfrow = c(2,2), oma = c(0, 0, 1.1, 0))
plot(mylm, las = 1, sub='Residual Diagnostics')
par(opar)
dev.off()
if (n > n25) {
bitmap(file='test9.png')
plot(kp3:nmkm3,gqarr[,2], main='Goldfeld-Quandt test',ylab='2-sided p-value',xlab='breakpoint')
grid()
dev.off()
}
load(file='createtable')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Estimated Regression Equation', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
myeq <- colnames(x)[1]
myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t] = ', sep='')
for (i in 1:k){
if (mysum$coefficients[i,1] > 0) myeq <- paste(myeq, '+', '')
myeq <- paste(myeq, mysum$coefficients[i,1], sep=' ')
if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != '(Intercept)') {
myeq <- paste(myeq, rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i], sep='')
if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != 't') myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t]', sep='')
}
}
myeq <- paste(myeq, ' + e[t]')
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, myeq)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable1.tab')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/ols1.htm','Multiple Linear Regression - Ordinary Least Squares',''), 6, TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Variable',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'Parameter',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'S.D.',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'T-STAT<br />H0: parameter = 0',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'2-tail p-value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'1-tail p-value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
for (i in 1:k){
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i],header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,mysum$coefficients[i,1])
a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,2],6))
a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,3],4))
a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4],6))
a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4]/2,6))
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable2.tab')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Regression Statistics', 2, TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple R',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, sqrt(mysum$r.squared))
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'R-squared',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, mysum$r.squared)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Adjusted R-squared',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, mysum$adj.r.squared)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (value)',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[1])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF numerator)',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[2])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF denominator)',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[3])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'p-value',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, 1-pf(mysum$fstatistic[1],mysum$fstatistic[2],mysum$fstatistic[3]))
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Residual Statistics', 2, TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Residual Standard Deviation',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, mysum$sigma)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Sum Squared Residuals',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, sum(myerror*myerror))
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable3.tab')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Actuals, Interpolation, and Residuals', 4, TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Time or Index', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, 'Actuals', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, 'Interpolation<br />Forecast', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, 'Residuals<br />Prediction Error', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
for (i in 1:n) {
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,i, 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,x[i])
a<-table.element(a,x[i]-mysum$resid[i])
a<-table.element(a,mysum$resid[i])
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable4.tab')
if (n > n25) {
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'p-values',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'Alternative Hypothesis',3,header=TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'breakpoint index',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'greater',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'2-sided',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'less',header=TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) {
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,mypoint,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,1])
a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2])
a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,3])
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable5.tab')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Meta Analysis of Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Description',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'# significant tests',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'% significant tests',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'OK/NOK',header=TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'1% type I error level',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1)
a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1/numgqtests)
if (numsignificant1/numgqtests < 0.01) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK'
a<-table.element(a,dum)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'5% type I error level',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5)
a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5/numgqtests)
if (numsignificant5/numgqtests < 0.05) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK'
a<-table.element(a,dum)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'10% type I error level',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10)
a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10/numgqtests)
if (numsignificant10/numgqtests < 0.1) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK'
a<-table.element(a,dum)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable6.tab')
}
 





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Software written by Ed van Stee & Patrick Wessa


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