R version 2.12.0 (2010-10-15) Copyright (C) 2010 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing ISBN 3-900051-07-0 Platform: i486-pc-linux-gnu (32-bit) R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details. R is a collaborative project with many contributors. Type 'contributors()' for more information and 'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications. Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or 'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help. Type 'q()' to quit R. > x <- c(19685.6,19601.7,16006.9,17681.2,19790.4,17014.2,17424.5,18908.9,15692.1,15160,15794.3,16032.1,16065,16236.8,12521,14762.1,15446.9,13635,14212.6,15021.7,14134.3,13721.4,14384.5,15638.6,19711.6,20359.8,16141.4,20056.9,20605.5,19325.8,20547.7,19211.2,19009.5,18746.8,16471.5,18957.2,20515.2,18374.4,16192.9,18147.5,19301.4,18344.7,17183.6,19630,17167.2,17428.5,16016.5,18466.5,18406.6,18174.1,14851.9,16260.7,18329.6,18003.8,15903.8,19554.2,16554.2,16198.9,16571.8,17535.2,16198.1) > par10 = 'FALSE' > par9 = '0' > par8 = '0' > par7 = '0' > par6 = '3' > par5 = '12' > par4 = '1' > par3 = '1' > par2 = '1' > par1 = '12' > #'GNU S' R Code compiled by R2WASP v. 1.0.44 () > #Author: Prof. Dr. P. Wessa > #To cite this work: Wessa P., (2009), ARIMA Forecasting (v1.0.5) in Free Statistics Software (v$_version), Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.wessa.net/rwasp_arimaforecasting.wasp/ > #Source of accompanying publication: > #Technical description: > par1 <- as.numeric(par1) #cut off periods > par2 <- as.numeric(par2) #lambda > par3 <- as.numeric(par3) #degree of non-seasonal differencing > par4 <- as.numeric(par4) #degree of seasonal differencing > par5 <- as.numeric(par5) #seasonal period > par6 <- as.numeric(par6) #p > par7 <- as.numeric(par7) #q > par8 <- as.numeric(par8) #P > par9 <- as.numeric(par9) #Q > if (par10 == 'TRUE') par10 <- TRUE > if (par10 == 'FALSE') par10 <- FALSE > if (par2 == 0) x <- log(x) > if (par2 != 0) x <- x^par2 > lx <- length(x) > first <- lx - 2*par1 > nx <- lx - par1 > nx1 <- nx + 1 > fx <- lx - nx > if (fx < 1) { + fx <- par5 + nx1 <- lx + fx - 1 + first <- lx - 2*fx + } > first <- 1 > if (fx < 3) fx <- round(lx/10,0) > (arima.out <- arima(x[1:nx], order=c(par6,par3,par7), seasonal=list(order=c(par8,par4,par9), period=par5), include.mean=par10, method='ML')) Call: arima(x = x[1:nx], order = c(par6, par3, par7), seasonal = list(order = c(par8, par4, par9), period = par5), include.mean = par10, method = "ML") Coefficients: ar1 ar2 ar3 -0.3193 0.1261 0.4838 s.e. 0.1410 0.1473 0.1375 sigma^2 estimated as 1779835: log likelihood = -310.6, aic = 629.19 > (forecast <- predict(arima.out,par1)) $pred Time Series: Start = 50 End = 61 Frequency = 1 [1] 17195.61 14495.94 15950.49 17648.59 16204.37 15025.63 17679.49 14912.36 [9] 15288.46 13901.80 16210.94 16254.76 $se Time Series: Start = 50 End = 61 Frequency = 1 [1] 1334.104 1613.832 2018.462 2643.430 2982.531 3430.414 3870.672 4205.140 [9] 4596.215 4942.067 5253.920 5583.954 > (lb <- forecast$pred - 1.96 * forecast$se) Time Series: Start = 50 End = 61 Frequency = 1 [1] 14580.765 11332.830 11994.304 12467.464 10358.610 8302.023 10092.970 [8] 6670.281 6279.877 4215.345 5913.260 5310.207 > (ub <- forecast$pred + 1.96 * forecast$se) Time Series: Start = 50 End = 61 Frequency = 1 [1] 19810.45 17659.05 19906.68 22829.71 22050.13 21749.25 25266.00 23154.43 [9] 24297.04 23588.25 26508.63 27199.31 > if (par2 == 0) { + x <- exp(x) + forecast$pred <- exp(forecast$pred) + lb <- exp(lb) + ub <- exp(ub) + } > if (par2 != 0) { + x <- x^(1/par2) + forecast$pred <- forecast$pred^(1/par2) + lb <- lb^(1/par2) + ub <- ub^(1/par2) + } > if (par2 < 0) { + olb <- lb + lb <- ub + ub <- olb + } > (actandfor <- c(x[1:nx], forecast$pred)) [1] 19685.60 19601.70 16006.90 17681.20 19790.40 17014.20 17424.50 18908.90 [9] 15692.10 15160.00 15794.30 16032.10 16065.00 16236.80 12521.00 14762.10 [17] 15446.90 13635.00 14212.60 15021.70 14134.30 13721.40 14384.50 15638.60 [25] 19711.60 20359.80 16141.40 20056.90 20605.50 19325.80 20547.70 19211.20 [33] 19009.50 18746.80 16471.50 18957.20 20515.20 18374.40 16192.90 18147.50 [41] 19301.40 18344.70 17183.60 19630.00 17167.20 17428.50 16016.50 18466.50 [49] 18406.60 17195.61 14495.94 15950.49 17648.59 16204.37 15025.63 17679.49 [57] 14912.36 15288.46 13901.80 16210.94 16254.76 > (perc.se <- (ub-forecast$pred)/1.96/forecast$pred) Time Series: Start = 50 End = 61 Frequency = 1 [1] 0.07758401 0.11132994 0.12654548 0.14978138 0.18405720 0.22830411 [7] 0.21893575 0.28199032 0.30063301 0.35549845 0.32409711 0.34352738 > postscript(file="/var/www/rcomp/tmp/1kgfw1293207403.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > opar <- par(mar=c(4,4,2,2),las=1) > ylim <- c( min(x[first:nx],lb), max(x[first:nx],ub)) > plot(x,ylim=ylim,type='n',xlim=c(first,lx)) > usr <- par('usr') > rect(usr[1],usr[3],nx+1,usr[4],border=NA,col='lemonchiffon') > rect(nx1,usr[3],usr[2],usr[4],border=NA,col='lavender') > abline(h= (-3:3)*2 , col ='gray', lty =3) > polygon( c(nx1:lx,lx:nx1), c(lb,rev(ub)), col = 'orange', lty=2,border=NA) > lines(nx1:lx, lb , lty=2) > lines(nx1:lx, ub , lty=2) > lines(x, lwd=2) > lines(nx1:lx, forecast$pred , lwd=2 , col ='white') > box() > par(opar) > dev.off() null device 1 > prob.dec <- array(NA, dim=fx) > prob.sdec <- array(NA, dim=fx) > prob.ldec <- array(NA, dim=fx) > prob.pval <- array(NA, dim=fx) > perf.pe <- array(0, dim=fx) > perf.mape <- array(0, dim=fx) > perf.mape1 <- array(0, dim=fx) > perf.se <- array(0, dim=fx) > perf.mse <- array(0, dim=fx) > perf.mse1 <- array(0, dim=fx) > perf.rmse <- array(0, dim=fx) > for (i in 1:fx) { + locSD <- (ub[i] - forecast$pred[i]) / 1.96 + perf.pe[i] = (x[nx+i] - forecast$pred[i]) / forecast$pred[i] + perf.se[i] = (x[nx+i] - forecast$pred[i])^2 + prob.dec[i] = pnorm((x[nx+i-1] - forecast$pred[i]) / locSD) + prob.sdec[i] = pnorm((x[nx+i-par5] - forecast$pred[i]) / locSD) + prob.ldec[i] = pnorm((x[nx] - forecast$pred[i]) / locSD) + prob.pval[i] = pnorm(abs(x[nx+i] - forecast$pred[i]) / locSD) + } > perf.mape[1] = abs(perf.pe[1]) > perf.mse[1] = abs(perf.se[1]) > for (i in 2:fx) { + perf.mape[i] = perf.mape[i-1] + abs(perf.pe[i]) + perf.mape1[i] = perf.mape[i] / i + perf.mse[i] = perf.mse[i-1] + perf.se[i] + perf.mse1[i] = perf.mse[i] / i + } > perf.rmse = sqrt(perf.mse1) > postscript(file="/var/www/rcomp/tmp/2z8dn1293207403.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > plot(forecast$pred, pch=19, type='b',main='ARIMA Extrapolation Forecast', ylab='Forecast and 95% CI', xlab='time',ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) > dum <- forecast$pred > dum[1:par1] <- x[(nx+1):lx] > lines(dum, lty=1) > lines(ub,lty=3) > lines(lb,lty=3) > dev.off() null device 1 > > #Note: the /var/www/rcomp/createtable file can be downloaded at http://www.wessa.net/cretab > load(file="/var/www/rcomp/createtable") > > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'Univariate ARIMA Extrapolation Forecast',9,TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'time',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'Y[t]',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'F[t]',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'95% LB',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'95% UB',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'p-value
(H0: Y[t] = F[t])',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'P(F[t]>Y[t-1])',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'P(F[t]>Y[t-s])',1,header=TRUE) > mylab <- paste('P(F[t]>Y[',nx,sep='') > mylab <- paste(mylab,'])',sep='') > a<-table.element(a,mylab,1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > for (i in (nx-par5):nx) { + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,i,header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,x[i]) + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > for (i in 1:fx) { + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,nx+i,header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,round(x[nx+i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(forecast$pred[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(lb[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(ub[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round((1-prob.pval[i]),4)) + a<-table.element(a,round((1-prob.dec[i]),4)) + a<-table.element(a,round((1-prob.sdec[i]),4)) + a<-table.element(a,round((1-prob.ldec[i]),4)) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/rcomp/tmp/3n9sz1293207403.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'Univariate ARIMA Extrapolation Forecast Performance',7,TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'time',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'% S.E.',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'PE',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'MAPE',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'Sq.E',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'MSE',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'RMSE',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > for (i in 1:fx) { + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,nx+i,header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,round(perc.se[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(perf.pe[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(perf.mape1[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(perf.se[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(perf.mse1[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(perf.rmse[i],4)) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/rcomp/tmp/499q51293207403.tab") > > try(system("convert tmp/1kgfw1293207403.ps tmp/1kgfw1293207403.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > try(system("convert tmp/2z8dn1293207403.ps tmp/2z8dn1293207403.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > > > proc.time() user system elapsed 0.720 0.200 0.906