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Type 'q()' to quit R. > x <- array(list(235.1 + ,1 + ,280.7 + ,1 + ,264.6 + ,2 + ,240.7 + ,0 + ,201.4 + ,1 + ,240.8 + ,0 + ,241.1 + ,-1 + ,223.8 + ,-3 + ,206.1 + ,-3 + ,174.7 + ,-3 + ,203.3 + ,-4 + ,220.5 + ,-8 + ,299.5 + ,-9 + ,347.4 + ,-13 + ,338.3 + ,-18 + ,327.7 + ,-11 + ,351.6 + ,-9 + ,396.6 + ,-10 + ,438.8 + ,-13 + ,395.6 + ,-11 + ,363.5 + ,-5 + ,378.8 + ,-15 + ,357 + ,-6 + ,369 + ,-6 + ,464.8 + ,-3 + ,479.1 + ,-1 + ,431.3 + ,-3 + ,366.5 + ,-4 + ,326.3 + ,-6 + ,355.1 + ,0 + ,331.6 + ,-4 + ,261.3 + ,-2 + ,249 + ,-2 + ,205.5 + ,-6 + ,235.6 + ,-7 + ,240.9 + ,-6 + ,264.9 + ,-6 + ,253.8 + ,-3 + ,232.3 + ,-2 + ,193.8 + ,-5 + ,177 + ,-11 + ,213.2 + ,-11 + ,207.2 + ,-11 + ,180.6 + ,-10 + ,188.6 + ,-14 + ,175.4 + ,-8 + ,199 + ,-9 + ,179.6 + ,-5 + ,225.8 + ,-1 + ,234 + ,-2 + ,200.2 + ,-5 + ,183.6 + ,-4 + ,178.2 + ,-6 + ,203.2 + ,-2 + ,208.5 + ,-2 + ,191.8 + ,-2 + ,172.8 + ,-2 + ,148 + ,2 + ,159.4 + ,1 + ,154.5 + ,-8 + ,213.2 + ,-1 + ,196.4 + ,1 + ,182.8 + ,-1 + ,176.4 + ,2 + ,153.6 + ,2 + ,173.2 + ,1 + ,171 + ,-1 + ,151.2 + ,-2 + ,161.9 + ,-2 + ,157.2 + ,-1 + ,201.7 + ,-8 + ,236.4 + ,-4 + ,356.1 + ,-6 + ,398.3 + ,-3 + ,403.7 + ,-3 + ,384.6 + ,-7 + ,365.8 + ,-9 + ,368.1 + ,-11 + ,367.9 + ,-13 + ,347 + ,-11 + ,343.3 + ,-9 + ,292.9 + ,-17 + ,311.5 + ,-22 + ,300.9 + ,-25 + ,366.9 + ,-20 + ,356.9 + ,-24 + ,329.7 + ,-24 + ,316.2 + ,-22 + ,269 + ,-19 + ,289.3 + ,-18 + ,266.2 + ,-17 + ,253.6 + ,-11 + ,233.8 + ,-11 + ,228.4 + ,-12 + ,253.6 + ,-10 + ,260.1 + ,-15 + ,306.6 + ,-15 + ,309.2 + ,-15 + ,309.5 + ,-13 + ,271 + ,-8 + ,279.9 + ,-13 + ,317.9 + ,-9 + ,298.4 + ,-7 + ,246.7 + ,-4 + ,227.3 + ,-4 + ,209.1 + ,-2) + ,dim=c(2 + ,106) + ,dimnames=list(c('Y' + ,'X') + ,1:106)) > y <- array(NA,dim=c(2,106),dimnames=list(c('Y','X'),1:106)) > for (i in 1:dim(x)[1]) + { + for (j in 1:dim(x)[2]) + { + y[i,j] <- as.numeric(x[i,j]) + } + } > par3 = 'Linear Trend' > par2 = 'Include Monthly Dummies' > par1 = '1' > #'GNU S' R Code compiled by R2WASP v. 1.0.44 () > #Author: Prof. Dr. P. Wessa > #To cite this work: AUTHOR(S), (YEAR), YOUR SOFTWARE TITLE (vNUMBER) in Free Statistics Software (v$_version), Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.wessa.net/rwasp_YOURPAGE.wasp/ > #Source of accompanying publication: Office for Research, Development, and Education > #Technical description: Write here your technical program description (don't use hard returns!) > library(lattice) > library(lmtest) Loading required package: zoo Attaching package: 'zoo' The following object(s) are masked from package:base : as.Date.numeric > n25 <- 25 #minimum number of obs. for Goldfeld-Quandt test > par1 <- as.numeric(par1) > x <- t(y) > k <- length(x[1,]) > n <- length(x[,1]) > x1 <- cbind(x[,par1], x[,1:k!=par1]) > mycolnames <- c(colnames(x)[par1], colnames(x)[1:k!=par1]) > colnames(x1) <- mycolnames #colnames(x)[par1] > x <- x1 > if (par3 == 'First Differences'){ + x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n-1,k), dimnames=list(1:(n-1), paste('(1-B)',colnames(x),sep=''))) + for (i in 1:n-1) { + for (j in 1:k) { + x2[i,j] <- x[i+1,j] - x[i,j] + } + } + x <- x2 + } > if (par2 == 'Include Monthly Dummies'){ + x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,11), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('M', seq(1:11), sep =''))) + for (i in 1:11){ + x2[seq(i,n,12),i] <- 1 + } + x <- cbind(x, x2) + } > if (par2 == 'Include Quarterly Dummies'){ + x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,3), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('Q', seq(1:3), sep =''))) + for (i in 1:3){ + x2[seq(i,n,4),i] <- 1 + } + x <- cbind(x, x2) + } > k <- length(x[1,]) > if (par3 == 'Linear Trend'){ + x <- cbind(x, c(1:n)) + colnames(x)[k+1] <- 't' + } > x Y X M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 t 1 235.1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 280.7 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 264.6 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 240.7 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 5 201.4 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 6 240.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 6 7 241.1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 7 8 223.8 -3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 8 9 206.1 -3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 9 10 174.7 -3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 10 11 203.3 -4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 11 12 220.5 -8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 13 299.5 -9 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 14 347.4 -13 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 15 338.3 -18 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 16 327.7 -11 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 17 351.6 -9 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 18 396.6 -10 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 18 19 438.8 -13 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 19 20 395.6 -11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 20 21 363.5 -5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 21 22 378.8 -15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 22 23 357.0 -6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 23 24 369.0 -6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 25 464.8 -3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 26 479.1 -1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 27 431.3 -3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 28 366.5 -4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 29 326.3 -6 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 30 355.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 30 31 331.6 -4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 31 32 261.3 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 32 33 249.0 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 33 34 205.5 -6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 34 35 235.6 -7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 35 36 240.9 -6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 37 264.9 -6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 38 253.8 -3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38 39 232.3 -2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39 40 193.8 -5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 41 177.0 -11 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 42 213.2 -11 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 42 43 207.2 -11 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 43 44 180.6 -10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 44 45 188.6 -14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 45 46 175.4 -8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 46 47 199.0 -9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 47 48 179.6 -5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 49 225.8 -1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 50 234.0 -2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 51 200.2 -5 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51 52 183.6 -4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52 53 178.2 -6 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 54 203.2 -2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 54 55 208.5 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 55 56 191.8 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 56 57 172.8 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 57 58 148.0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 58 59 159.4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 59 60 154.5 -8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 61 213.2 -1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 61 62 196.4 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 63 182.8 -1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 63 64 176.4 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64 65 153.6 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 65 66 173.2 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 66 67 171.0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 67 68 151.2 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 68 69 161.9 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 69 70 157.2 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 70 71 201.7 -8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 71 72 236.4 -4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 72 73 356.1 -6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 73 74 398.3 -3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 74 75 403.7 -3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 76 384.6 -7 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 76 77 365.8 -9 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 77 78 368.1 -11 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 78 79 367.9 -13 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 79 80 347.0 -11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 80 81 343.3 -9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 81 82 292.9 -17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 82 83 311.5 -22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 83 84 300.9 -25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 84 85 366.9 -20 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 86 356.9 -24 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 86 87 329.7 -24 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 87 88 316.2 -22 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 88 89 269.0 -19 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 89 90 289.3 -18 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 90 91 266.2 -17 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 91 92 253.6 -11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 92 93 233.8 -11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 93 94 228.4 -12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 94 95 253.6 -10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 95 96 260.1 -15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 96 97 306.6 -15 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 97 98 309.2 -15 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 98 99 309.5 -13 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 99 100 271.0 -8 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 101 279.9 -13 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 101 102 317.9 -9 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 102 103 298.4 -7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 103 104 246.7 -4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 104 105 227.3 -4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 105 106 209.1 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 106 > k <- length(x[1,]) > df <- as.data.frame(x) > (mylm <- lm(df)) Call: lm(formula = df) Coefficients: (Intercept) X M1 M2 M3 M4 218.876 -5.769 72.783 87.620 64.877 44.778 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 20.745 55.983 47.788 25.649 17.053 -8.405 M11 t 3.013 -0.540 > (mysum <- summary(mylm)) Call: lm(formula = df) Residuals: Min 1Q Median 3Q Max -103.93 -44.85 -21.23 42.07 180.88 Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) 218.8763 28.6189 7.648 1.93e-11 *** X -5.7686 1.1859 -4.864 4.73e-06 *** M1 72.7833 34.7361 2.095 0.0389 * M2 87.6198 34.7504 2.521 0.0134 * M3 64.8766 34.6693 1.871 0.0645 . M4 44.7776 34.7608 1.288 0.2009 M5 20.7449 34.6512 0.599 0.5509 M6 55.9834 34.7648 1.610 0.1107 M7 47.7882 34.6729 1.378 0.1715 M8 25.6494 34.8488 0.736 0.4636 M9 17.0532 34.9344 0.488 0.6266 M10 -8.4051 34.7910 -0.242 0.8096 M11 3.0128 35.6304 0.085 0.9328 t -0.5400 0.2482 -2.176 0.0321 * --- Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1 Residual standard error: 71.18 on 92 degrees of freedom Multiple R-squared: 0.3111, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2137 F-statistic: 3.195 on 13 and 92 DF, p-value: 0.0005449 > if (n > n25) { + kp3 <- k + 3 + nmkm3 <- n - k - 3 + gqarr <- array(NA, dim=c(nmkm3-kp3+1,3)) + numgqtests <- 0 + numsignificant1 <- 0 + numsignificant5 <- 0 + numsignificant10 <- 0 + for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) { + j <- 0 + numgqtests <- numgqtests + 1 + for (myalt in c('greater', 'two.sided', 'less')) { + j <- j + 1 + gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,j] <- gqtest(mylm, point=mypoint, alternative=myalt)$p.value + } + if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.01) numsignificant1 <- numsignificant1 + 1 + if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.05) numsignificant5 <- numsignificant5 + 1 + if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.10) numsignificant10 <- numsignificant10 + 1 + } + gqarr + } [,1] [,2] [,3] [1,] 0.054900441 1.098009e-01 9.450996e-01 [2,] 0.036310986 7.262197e-02 9.636890e-01 [3,] 0.063955759 1.279115e-01 9.360442e-01 [4,] 0.032915216 6.583043e-02 9.670848e-01 [5,] 0.016137584 3.227517e-02 9.838624e-01 [6,] 0.021871027 4.374205e-02 9.781290e-01 [7,] 0.011870534 2.374107e-02 9.881295e-01 [8,] 0.007400716 1.480143e-02 9.925993e-01 [9,] 0.006808391 1.361678e-02 9.931916e-01 [10,] 0.010302797 2.060559e-02 9.896972e-01 [11,] 0.018342289 3.668458e-02 9.816577e-01 [12,] 0.049816277 9.963255e-02 9.501837e-01 [13,] 0.140893991 2.817880e-01 8.591060e-01 [14,] 0.265635686 5.312714e-01 7.343643e-01 [15,] 0.504106042 9.917879e-01 4.958940e-01 [16,] 0.717782686 5.644346e-01 2.822173e-01 [17,] 0.830537879 3.389242e-01 1.694621e-01 [18,] 0.906043581 1.879128e-01 9.395642e-02 [19,] 0.943936129 1.121277e-01 5.606387e-02 [20,] 0.963744579 7.251084e-02 3.625542e-02 [21,] 0.983732220 3.253556e-02 1.626778e-02 [22,] 0.992715447 1.456911e-02 7.284553e-03 [23,] 0.994229885 1.154023e-02 5.770115e-03 [24,] 0.996123912 7.752176e-03 3.876088e-03 [25,] 0.998139675 3.720649e-03 1.860325e-03 [26,] 0.998897053 2.205894e-03 1.102947e-03 [27,] 0.999142950 1.714100e-03 8.570502e-04 [28,] 0.999118472 1.763055e-03 8.815276e-04 [29,] 0.999022452 1.955096e-03 9.775478e-04 [30,] 0.998459943 3.080113e-03 1.540057e-03 [31,] 0.997623908 4.752184e-03 2.376092e-03 [32,] 0.996475998 7.048004e-03 3.524002e-03 [33,] 0.994496884 1.100623e-02 5.503116e-03 [34,] 0.991899637 1.620073e-02 8.100363e-03 [35,] 0.989738582 2.052284e-02 1.026142e-02 [36,] 0.986393963 2.721207e-02 1.360604e-02 [37,] 0.981339965 3.732007e-02 1.866004e-02 [38,] 0.973358508 5.328298e-02 2.664149e-02 [39,] 0.961654466 7.669107e-02 3.834553e-02 [40,] 0.946090752 1.078185e-01 5.390925e-02 [41,] 0.926835132 1.463297e-01 7.316487e-02 [42,] 0.902028267 1.959435e-01 9.797173e-02 [43,] 0.870796419 2.584072e-01 1.292036e-01 [44,] 0.853362648 2.932747e-01 1.466374e-01 [45,] 0.826767731 3.464645e-01 1.732323e-01 [46,] 0.815062409 3.698752e-01 1.849376e-01 [47,] 0.826204118 3.475918e-01 1.737959e-01 [48,] 0.825083519 3.498330e-01 1.749165e-01 [49,] 0.836304688 3.273906e-01 1.636953e-01 [50,] 0.872922910 2.541542e-01 1.270771e-01 [51,] 0.919050104 1.618998e-01 8.094990e-02 [52,] 0.967813321 6.437336e-02 3.218668e-02 [53,] 0.990783984 1.843203e-02 9.216016e-03 [54,] 0.998607854 2.784293e-03 1.392146e-03 [55,] 0.999896348 2.073048e-04 1.036524e-04 [56,] 0.999996464 7.072124e-06 3.536062e-06 [57,] 0.999998929 2.141918e-06 1.070959e-06 [58,] 0.999999044 1.911000e-06 9.555002e-07 [59,] 0.999998983 2.033675e-06 1.016838e-06 [60,] 0.999997932 4.136568e-06 2.068284e-06 [61,] 0.999995281 9.438954e-06 4.719477e-06 [62,] 0.999992138 1.572351e-05 7.861757e-06 [63,] 0.999976155 4.769072e-05 2.384536e-05 [64,] 0.999934156 1.316872e-04 6.584359e-05 [65,] 0.999918007 1.639861e-04 8.199305e-05 [66,] 0.999899526 2.009485e-04 1.004743e-04 [67,] 0.999780411 4.391775e-04 2.195888e-04 [68,] 0.999401066 1.197869e-03 5.989344e-04 [69,] 0.999622138 7.557233e-04 3.778617e-04 [70,] 0.999550196 8.996086e-04 4.498043e-04 [71,] 0.997963626 4.072749e-03 2.036374e-03 [72,] 0.996421650 7.156701e-03 3.578350e-03 [73,] 0.984054826 3.189035e-02 1.594517e-02 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/1k3171291027904.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > plot(x[,1], type='l', main='Actuals and Interpolation', ylab='value of Actuals and Interpolation (dots)', xlab='time or index') > points(x[,1]-mysum$resid) > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/2k3171291027904.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > plot(mysum$resid, type='b', pch=19, main='Residuals', ylab='value of Residuals', xlab='time or index') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/3k3171291027904.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > hist(mysum$resid, main='Residual Histogram', xlab='values of Residuals') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/4uu0s1291027904.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > densityplot(~mysum$resid,col='black',main='Residual Density Plot', xlab='values of Residuals') > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/5uu0s1291027904.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > qqnorm(mysum$resid, main='Residual Normal Q-Q Plot') > qqline(mysum$resid) > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > (myerror <- as.ts(mysum$resid)) Time Series: Start = 1 End = 106 Frequency = 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 -50.2509360 -18.9474416 -5.9957352 -20.7937698 -29.7525466 -30.8194864 7 8 9 10 11 12 -27.5528197 -33.7111600 -42.2749602 -47.6765708 -35.7230464 -38.0444224 13 14 15 16 17 18 -37.0562067 -26.5269139 -41.1865100 9.2324092 69.2421827 73.7752429 19 20 21 22 23 24 107.4048088 98.4206701 110.0681724 93.6810577 112.9200862 128.4729118 25 26 27 28 29 30 169.3353292 180.8759244 144.8219795 94.8924954 67.7280673 96.4409804 31 32 33 34 35 36 58.6019958 22.5178572 19.3540570 -21.2217553 -7.7682309 6.8531452 37 38 39 40 41 42 -41.3900887 -49.4809430 -41.9292367 -77.0958216 -103.9344514 -102.4328407 43 44 45 46 47 48 -99.6976236 -97.8503127 -103.7883145 -56.3786227 -49.4250983 -42.1980711 49 50 51 52 53 54 -45.1671032 -57.0321593 -84.8546546 -75.0470378 -67.4114659 -54.0356537 55 56 57 58 59 60 -40.0004366 -34.0216761 -43.8854762 -19.6128853 -24.8593608 -78.1234889 61 62 63 64 65 66 -51.2868699 -70.8462747 -72.7002196 -41.1555020 -39.3828293 -60.2497691 67 68 69 70 71 72 -65.2516528 -68.1414427 -48.3052429 -21.2383031 -27.9960811 33.3309461 73 74 75 76 77 78 69.2506115 114.4597571 143.1429130 121.6077777 115.8433496 71.9078594 79 80 81 82 83 84 68.9059757 82.2218370 99.1951377 28.6451238 7.5244466 -16.8283791 85 86 87 88 89 90 5.7711392 -41.5995681 -45.5164121 -26.8402450 -32.1619211 -40.7917600 91 92 93 94 95 96 -49.3879925 -4.6979296 -15.3617298 -0.5318908 25.3272848 6.5373584 97 98 99 100 101 102 -19.2058754 -30.9023810 4.2178757 15.1996941 19.8296147 46.2054270 103 104 105 106 46.9777449 35.2621567 24.9983565 44.3338466 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/6uu0s1291027904.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > dum <- cbind(lag(myerror,k=1),myerror) > dum Time Series: Start = 0 End = 106 Frequency = 1 lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror 0 -50.2509360 NA 1 -18.9474416 -50.2509360 2 -5.9957352 -18.9474416 3 -20.7937698 -5.9957352 4 -29.7525466 -20.7937698 5 -30.8194864 -29.7525466 6 -27.5528197 -30.8194864 7 -33.7111600 -27.5528197 8 -42.2749602 -33.7111600 9 -47.6765708 -42.2749602 10 -35.7230464 -47.6765708 11 -38.0444224 -35.7230464 12 -37.0562067 -38.0444224 13 -26.5269139 -37.0562067 14 -41.1865100 -26.5269139 15 9.2324092 -41.1865100 16 69.2421827 9.2324092 17 73.7752429 69.2421827 18 107.4048088 73.7752429 19 98.4206701 107.4048088 20 110.0681724 98.4206701 21 93.6810577 110.0681724 22 112.9200862 93.6810577 23 128.4729118 112.9200862 24 169.3353292 128.4729118 25 180.8759244 169.3353292 26 144.8219795 180.8759244 27 94.8924954 144.8219795 28 67.7280673 94.8924954 29 96.4409804 67.7280673 30 58.6019958 96.4409804 31 22.5178572 58.6019958 32 19.3540570 22.5178572 33 -21.2217553 19.3540570 34 -7.7682309 -21.2217553 35 6.8531452 -7.7682309 36 -41.3900887 6.8531452 37 -49.4809430 -41.3900887 38 -41.9292367 -49.4809430 39 -77.0958216 -41.9292367 40 -103.9344514 -77.0958216 41 -102.4328407 -103.9344514 42 -99.6976236 -102.4328407 43 -97.8503127 -99.6976236 44 -103.7883145 -97.8503127 45 -56.3786227 -103.7883145 46 -49.4250983 -56.3786227 47 -42.1980711 -49.4250983 48 -45.1671032 -42.1980711 49 -57.0321593 -45.1671032 50 -84.8546546 -57.0321593 51 -75.0470378 -84.8546546 52 -67.4114659 -75.0470378 53 -54.0356537 -67.4114659 54 -40.0004366 -54.0356537 55 -34.0216761 -40.0004366 56 -43.8854762 -34.0216761 57 -19.6128853 -43.8854762 58 -24.8593608 -19.6128853 59 -78.1234889 -24.8593608 60 -51.2868699 -78.1234889 61 -70.8462747 -51.2868699 62 -72.7002196 -70.8462747 63 -41.1555020 -72.7002196 64 -39.3828293 -41.1555020 65 -60.2497691 -39.3828293 66 -65.2516528 -60.2497691 67 -68.1414427 -65.2516528 68 -48.3052429 -68.1414427 69 -21.2383031 -48.3052429 70 -27.9960811 -21.2383031 71 33.3309461 -27.9960811 72 69.2506115 33.3309461 73 114.4597571 69.2506115 74 143.1429130 114.4597571 75 121.6077777 143.1429130 76 115.8433496 121.6077777 77 71.9078594 115.8433496 78 68.9059757 71.9078594 79 82.2218370 68.9059757 80 99.1951377 82.2218370 81 28.6451238 99.1951377 82 7.5244466 28.6451238 83 -16.8283791 7.5244466 84 5.7711392 -16.8283791 85 -41.5995681 5.7711392 86 -45.5164121 -41.5995681 87 -26.8402450 -45.5164121 88 -32.1619211 -26.8402450 89 -40.7917600 -32.1619211 90 -49.3879925 -40.7917600 91 -4.6979296 -49.3879925 92 -15.3617298 -4.6979296 93 -0.5318908 -15.3617298 94 25.3272848 -0.5318908 95 6.5373584 25.3272848 96 -19.2058754 6.5373584 97 -30.9023810 -19.2058754 98 4.2178757 -30.9023810 99 15.1996941 4.2178757 100 19.8296147 15.1996941 101 46.2054270 19.8296147 102 46.9777449 46.2054270 103 35.2621567 46.9777449 104 24.9983565 35.2621567 105 44.3338466 24.9983565 106 NA 44.3338466 > dum1 <- dum[2:length(myerror),] > dum1 lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror [1,] -18.9474416 -50.2509360 [2,] -5.9957352 -18.9474416 [3,] -20.7937698 -5.9957352 [4,] -29.7525466 -20.7937698 [5,] -30.8194864 -29.7525466 [6,] -27.5528197 -30.8194864 [7,] -33.7111600 -27.5528197 [8,] -42.2749602 -33.7111600 [9,] -47.6765708 -42.2749602 [10,] -35.7230464 -47.6765708 [11,] -38.0444224 -35.7230464 [12,] -37.0562067 -38.0444224 [13,] -26.5269139 -37.0562067 [14,] -41.1865100 -26.5269139 [15,] 9.2324092 -41.1865100 [16,] 69.2421827 9.2324092 [17,] 73.7752429 69.2421827 [18,] 107.4048088 73.7752429 [19,] 98.4206701 107.4048088 [20,] 110.0681724 98.4206701 [21,] 93.6810577 110.0681724 [22,] 112.9200862 93.6810577 [23,] 128.4729118 112.9200862 [24,] 169.3353292 128.4729118 [25,] 180.8759244 169.3353292 [26,] 144.8219795 180.8759244 [27,] 94.8924954 144.8219795 [28,] 67.7280673 94.8924954 [29,] 96.4409804 67.7280673 [30,] 58.6019958 96.4409804 [31,] 22.5178572 58.6019958 [32,] 19.3540570 22.5178572 [33,] -21.2217553 19.3540570 [34,] -7.7682309 -21.2217553 [35,] 6.8531452 -7.7682309 [36,] -41.3900887 6.8531452 [37,] -49.4809430 -41.3900887 [38,] -41.9292367 -49.4809430 [39,] -77.0958216 -41.9292367 [40,] -103.9344514 -77.0958216 [41,] -102.4328407 -103.9344514 [42,] -99.6976236 -102.4328407 [43,] -97.8503127 -99.6976236 [44,] -103.7883145 -97.8503127 [45,] -56.3786227 -103.7883145 [46,] -49.4250983 -56.3786227 [47,] -42.1980711 -49.4250983 [48,] -45.1671032 -42.1980711 [49,] -57.0321593 -45.1671032 [50,] -84.8546546 -57.0321593 [51,] -75.0470378 -84.8546546 [52,] -67.4114659 -75.0470378 [53,] -54.0356537 -67.4114659 [54,] -40.0004366 -54.0356537 [55,] -34.0216761 -40.0004366 [56,] -43.8854762 -34.0216761 [57,] -19.6128853 -43.8854762 [58,] -24.8593608 -19.6128853 [59,] -78.1234889 -24.8593608 [60,] -51.2868699 -78.1234889 [61,] -70.8462747 -51.2868699 [62,] -72.7002196 -70.8462747 [63,] -41.1555020 -72.7002196 [64,] -39.3828293 -41.1555020 [65,] -60.2497691 -39.3828293 [66,] -65.2516528 -60.2497691 [67,] -68.1414427 -65.2516528 [68,] -48.3052429 -68.1414427 [69,] -21.2383031 -48.3052429 [70,] -27.9960811 -21.2383031 [71,] 33.3309461 -27.9960811 [72,] 69.2506115 33.3309461 [73,] 114.4597571 69.2506115 [74,] 143.1429130 114.4597571 [75,] 121.6077777 143.1429130 [76,] 115.8433496 121.6077777 [77,] 71.9078594 115.8433496 [78,] 68.9059757 71.9078594 [79,] 82.2218370 68.9059757 [80,] 99.1951377 82.2218370 [81,] 28.6451238 99.1951377 [82,] 7.5244466 28.6451238 [83,] -16.8283791 7.5244466 [84,] 5.7711392 -16.8283791 [85,] -41.5995681 5.7711392 [86,] -45.5164121 -41.5995681 [87,] -26.8402450 -45.5164121 [88,] -32.1619211 -26.8402450 [89,] -40.7917600 -32.1619211 [90,] -49.3879925 -40.7917600 [91,] -4.6979296 -49.3879925 [92,] -15.3617298 -4.6979296 [93,] -0.5318908 -15.3617298 [94,] 25.3272848 -0.5318908 [95,] 6.5373584 25.3272848 [96,] -19.2058754 6.5373584 [97,] -30.9023810 -19.2058754 [98,] 4.2178757 -30.9023810 [99,] 15.1996941 4.2178757 [100,] 19.8296147 15.1996941 [101,] 46.2054270 19.8296147 [102,] 46.9777449 46.2054270 [103,] 35.2621567 46.9777449 [104,] 24.9983565 35.2621567 [105,] 44.3338466 24.9983565 > z <- as.data.frame(dum1) > z lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror 1 -18.9474416 -50.2509360 2 -5.9957352 -18.9474416 3 -20.7937698 -5.9957352 4 -29.7525466 -20.7937698 5 -30.8194864 -29.7525466 6 -27.5528197 -30.8194864 7 -33.7111600 -27.5528197 8 -42.2749602 -33.7111600 9 -47.6765708 -42.2749602 10 -35.7230464 -47.6765708 11 -38.0444224 -35.7230464 12 -37.0562067 -38.0444224 13 -26.5269139 -37.0562067 14 -41.1865100 -26.5269139 15 9.2324092 -41.1865100 16 69.2421827 9.2324092 17 73.7752429 69.2421827 18 107.4048088 73.7752429 19 98.4206701 107.4048088 20 110.0681724 98.4206701 21 93.6810577 110.0681724 22 112.9200862 93.6810577 23 128.4729118 112.9200862 24 169.3353292 128.4729118 25 180.8759244 169.3353292 26 144.8219795 180.8759244 27 94.8924954 144.8219795 28 67.7280673 94.8924954 29 96.4409804 67.7280673 30 58.6019958 96.4409804 31 22.5178572 58.6019958 32 19.3540570 22.5178572 33 -21.2217553 19.3540570 34 -7.7682309 -21.2217553 35 6.8531452 -7.7682309 36 -41.3900887 6.8531452 37 -49.4809430 -41.3900887 38 -41.9292367 -49.4809430 39 -77.0958216 -41.9292367 40 -103.9344514 -77.0958216 41 -102.4328407 -103.9344514 42 -99.6976236 -102.4328407 43 -97.8503127 -99.6976236 44 -103.7883145 -97.8503127 45 -56.3786227 -103.7883145 46 -49.4250983 -56.3786227 47 -42.1980711 -49.4250983 48 -45.1671032 -42.1980711 49 -57.0321593 -45.1671032 50 -84.8546546 -57.0321593 51 -75.0470378 -84.8546546 52 -67.4114659 -75.0470378 53 -54.0356537 -67.4114659 54 -40.0004366 -54.0356537 55 -34.0216761 -40.0004366 56 -43.8854762 -34.0216761 57 -19.6128853 -43.8854762 58 -24.8593608 -19.6128853 59 -78.1234889 -24.8593608 60 -51.2868699 -78.1234889 61 -70.8462747 -51.2868699 62 -72.7002196 -70.8462747 63 -41.1555020 -72.7002196 64 -39.3828293 -41.1555020 65 -60.2497691 -39.3828293 66 -65.2516528 -60.2497691 67 -68.1414427 -65.2516528 68 -48.3052429 -68.1414427 69 -21.2383031 -48.3052429 70 -27.9960811 -21.2383031 71 33.3309461 -27.9960811 72 69.2506115 33.3309461 73 114.4597571 69.2506115 74 143.1429130 114.4597571 75 121.6077777 143.1429130 76 115.8433496 121.6077777 77 71.9078594 115.8433496 78 68.9059757 71.9078594 79 82.2218370 68.9059757 80 99.1951377 82.2218370 81 28.6451238 99.1951377 82 7.5244466 28.6451238 83 -16.8283791 7.5244466 84 5.7711392 -16.8283791 85 -41.5995681 5.7711392 86 -45.5164121 -41.5995681 87 -26.8402450 -45.5164121 88 -32.1619211 -26.8402450 89 -40.7917600 -32.1619211 90 -49.3879925 -40.7917600 91 -4.6979296 -49.3879925 92 -15.3617298 -4.6979296 93 -0.5318908 -15.3617298 94 25.3272848 -0.5318908 95 6.5373584 25.3272848 96 -19.2058754 6.5373584 97 -30.9023810 -19.2058754 98 4.2178757 -30.9023810 99 15.1996941 4.2178757 100 19.8296147 15.1996941 101 46.2054270 19.8296147 102 46.9777449 46.2054270 103 35.2621567 46.9777449 104 24.9983565 35.2621567 105 44.3338466 24.9983565 > plot(z,main=paste('Residual Lag plot, lowess, and regression line'), ylab='values of Residuals', xlab='lagged values of Residuals') > lines(lowess(z)) > abline(lm(z)) > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/754id1291027904.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > acf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Autocorrelation Function') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/854id1291027904.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > pacf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Partial Autocorrelation Function') > grid() > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/9gdhy1291027904.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > opar <- par(mfrow = c(2,2), oma = c(0, 0, 1.1, 0)) > plot(mylm, las = 1, sub='Residual Diagnostics') > par(opar) > dev.off() null device 1 > if (n > n25) { + postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/10gdhy1291027904.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) + plot(kp3:nmkm3,gqarr[,2], main='Goldfeld-Quandt test',ylab='2-sided p-value',xlab='breakpoint') + grid() + dev.off() + } null device 1 > > #Note: the /var/www/html/rcomp/createtable file can be downloaded at http://www.wessa.net/cretab > load(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/createtable") > > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Estimated Regression Equation', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > myeq <- colnames(x)[1] > myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t] = ', sep='') > for (i in 1:k){ + if (mysum$coefficients[i,1] > 0) myeq <- paste(myeq, '+', '') + myeq <- paste(myeq, mysum$coefficients[i,1], sep=' ') + if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != '(Intercept)') { + myeq <- paste(myeq, rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i], sep='') + if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != 't') myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t]', sep='') + } + } > myeq <- paste(myeq, ' + e[t]') > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, myeq) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/111vxm1291027904.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/ols1.htm','Multiple Linear Regression - Ordinary Least Squares',''), 6, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'Variable',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'Parameter',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'S.D.',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'T-STAT
H0: parameter = 0',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'2-tail p-value',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'1-tail p-value',header=TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > for (i in 1:k){ + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i],header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,mysum$coefficients[i,1]) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,2],6)) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,3],4)) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4],6)) + a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4]/2,6)) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/125eea1291027904.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Regression Statistics', 2, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple R',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, sqrt(mysum$r.squared)) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'R-squared',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$r.squared) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Adjusted R-squared',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$adj.r.squared) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (value)',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[1]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF numerator)',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[2]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF denominator)',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[3]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'p-value',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 1-pf(mysum$fstatistic[1],mysum$fstatistic[2],mysum$fstatistic[3])) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Residual Statistics', 2, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Residual Standard Deviation',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, mysum$sigma) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Sum Squared Residuals',1,TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, sum(myerror*myerror)) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/13bxbl1291027904.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Actuals, Interpolation, and Residuals', 4, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a, 'Time or Index', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 'Actuals', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 'Interpolation
Forecast', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, 'Residuals
Prediction Error', 1, TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > for (i in 1:n) { + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,i, 1, TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,x[i]) + a<-table.element(a,x[i]-mysum$resid[i]) + a<-table.element(a,mysum$resid[i]) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/14m6s61291027904.tab") > if (n > n25) { + a<-table.start() + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'p-values',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'Alternative Hypothesis',3,header=TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'breakpoint index',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'greater',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'2-sided',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'less',header=TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) { + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,mypoint,header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,1]) + a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2]) + a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,3]) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } + a<-table.end(a) + table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/157pru1291027904.tab") + a<-table.start() + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'Meta Analysis of Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'Description',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'# significant tests',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'% significant tests',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,'OK/NOK',header=TRUE) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'1% type I error level',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1/numgqtests) + if (numsignificant1/numgqtests < 0.01) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK' + a<-table.element(a,dum) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'5% type I error level',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5/numgqtests) + if (numsignificant5/numgqtests < 0.05) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK' + a<-table.element(a,dum) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,'10% type I error level',header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10) + a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10/numgqtests) + if (numsignificant10/numgqtests < 0.1) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK' + a<-table.element(a,dum) + a<-table.row.end(a) + a<-table.end(a) + table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/16ly6l1291027904.tab") + } > > try(system("convert tmp/1k3171291027904.ps tmp/1k3171291027904.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > try(system("convert tmp/2k3171291027904.ps tmp/2k3171291027904.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > try(system("convert tmp/3k3171291027904.ps tmp/3k3171291027904.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > try(system("convert tmp/4uu0s1291027904.ps tmp/4uu0s1291027904.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > try(system("convert tmp/5uu0s1291027904.ps tmp/5uu0s1291027904.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > try(system("convert tmp/6uu0s1291027904.ps tmp/6uu0s1291027904.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > try(system("convert tmp/754id1291027904.ps tmp/754id1291027904.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > try(system("convert tmp/854id1291027904.ps tmp/854id1291027904.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > try(system("convert tmp/9gdhy1291027904.ps tmp/9gdhy1291027904.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > try(system("convert tmp/10gdhy1291027904.ps tmp/10gdhy1291027904.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > > > proc.time() user system elapsed 3.147 1.644 6.799