R version 2.9.0 (2009-04-17)
Copyright (C) 2009 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
ISBN 3-900051-07-0

R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.

R is a collaborative project with many contributors.
Type 'contributors()' for more information and
'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.

Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.
Type 'q()' to quit R.

> x <- c(33.999
+ ,37.028
+ ,39.047
+ ,57.47
+ ,59.609
+ ,62.156
+ ,64.016
+ ,70.939
+ ,72.844
+ ,85.094
+ ,86.58
+ ,103.898
+ ,109.215
+ ,131.812
+ ,136.452
+ ,136.813
+ ,137.55
+ ,140.321
+ ,150.034
+ ,156.187
+ ,158.047
+ ,169.861
+ ,171.26
+ ,171.328
+ ,180.818
+ ,183.186
+ ,183.613
+ ,184.641
+ ,187.881
+ ,190.157
+ ,190.379
+ ,191.835
+ ,192.797
+ ,193.299
+ ,197.549
+ ,198.296
+ ,199.297
+ ,199.746
+ ,200.156
+ ,203.077
+ ,204.386
+ ,206.771
+ ,206.893
+ ,207.533
+ ,208.108
+ ,211.655
+ ,213.361
+ ,213.511
+ ,213.923
+ ,216.046
+ ,216.548
+ ,216.886
+ ,217.465
+ ,218.761
+ ,220.553
+ ,221.588
+ ,223.166
+ ,226.731
+ ,229.641
+ ,232.444
+ ,232.669
+ ,235.577
+ ,236.302
+ ,236.71
+ ,238.502
+ ,239.89
+ ,240.755
+ ,241.171
+ ,242.205
+ ,242.344
+ ,246.542
+ ,249.148
+ ,250.407
+ ,251.422
+ ,252.64
+ ,257.102
+ ,257.567
+ ,259.7
+ ,260.642
+ ,261.596
+ ,262.517
+ ,262.875
+ ,263.906
+ ,265.777
+ ,266.793
+ ,274.482
+ ,275.562
+ ,278.741
+ ,287.069
+ ,289.714
+ ,293.671
+ ,295.281
+ ,308.16
+ ,308.174
+ ,308.532
+ ,313.906
+ ,315.955
+ ,324.04
+ ,330.563
+ ,348.821
+ ,350.089
+ ,356.725
+ ,366.936
+ ,380.155
+ ,380.531
+ ,383.703
+ ,386.688
+ ,388.3
+ ,392.25
+ ,401.422
+ ,401.915
+ ,403.064
+ ,403.556
+ ,406.167
+ ,421.403
+ ,426.113
+ ,435.956
+ ,438.555
+ ,440.31
+ ,441.437
+ ,449.594
+ ,475.834
+ ,506.652
+ ,556.277
+ ,601.162
+ ,611.281
+ ,645.285
+ ,653.641
+ ,662.883
+ ,694.87
+ ,699.645
+ ,756.46
+ ,947.293
+ ,1030.944
+ ,1305.923)
> ylimmax = ''
> ylimmin = ''
> main = 'Robustness of Central Tendency'
> #'GNU S' R Code compiled by R2WASP v. 1.0.44 ()
> #Author: Prof. Dr. P. Wessa
> #To cite this work: AUTHOR(S), (YEAR), YOUR SOFTWARE TITLE (vNUMBER) in Free Statistics Software (v$_version), Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.wessa.net/rwasp_YOURPAGE.wasp/
> #Source of accompanying publication: Office for Research, Development, and Education
> #Technical description: Write here your technical program description (don't use hard returns!)
> geomean <- function(x) {
+ return(exp(mean(log(x))))
+ }
> harmean <- function(x) {
+ return(1/mean(1/x))
+ }
> quamean <- function(x) {
+ return(sqrt(mean(x*x)))
+ }
> winmean <- function(x) {
+ x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)])
+ n<-length(x)
+ denom <- 3
+ nodenom <- n/denom
+ if (nodenom>40) denom <- n/40
+ sqrtn = sqrt(n)
+ roundnodenom = floor(nodenom)
+ win <- array(NA,dim=c(roundnodenom,2))
+ for (j in 1:roundnodenom) {
+ win[j,1] <- (j*x[j+1]+sum(x[(j+1):(n-j)])+j*x[n-j])/n
+ win[j,2] <- sd(c(rep(x[j+1],j),x[(j+1):(n-j)],rep(x[n-j],j)))/sqrtn
+ }
+ return(win)
+ }
> trimean <- function(x) {
+ x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)])
+ n<-length(x)
+ denom <- 3
+ nodenom <- n/denom
+ if (nodenom>40) denom <- n/40
+ sqrtn = sqrt(n)
+ roundnodenom = floor(nodenom)
+ tri <- array(NA,dim=c(roundnodenom,2))
+ for (j in 1:roundnodenom) {
+ tri[j,1] <- mean(x,trim=j/n)
+ tri[j,2] <- sd(x[(j+1):(n-j)]) / sqrt(n-j*2)
+ }
+ return(tri)
+ }
> midrange <- function(x) {
+ return((max(x)+min(x))/2)
+ }
> q1 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- n*p;
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ qvalue <- (1-f)*data[i] + f*data[i+1]
+ }
> q2 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- (n+1)*p
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ qvalue <- (1-f)*data[i] + f*data[i+1]
+ }
> q3 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- n*p
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ if (f==0) {
+ qvalue <- data[i]
+ } else {
+ qvalue <- data[i+1]
+ }
+ }
> q4 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- n*p
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ if (f==0) {
+ qvalue <- (data[i]+data[i+1])/2
+ } else {
+ qvalue <- data[i+1]
+ }
+ }
> q5 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- (n-1)*p
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ if (f==0) {
+ qvalue <- data[i+1]
+ } else {
+ qvalue <- data[i+1] + f*(data[i+2]-data[i+1])
+ }
+ }
> q6 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- n*p+0.5
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ qvalue <- data[i]
+ }
> q7 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- (n+1)*p
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ if (f==0) {
+ qvalue <- data[i]
+ } else {
+ qvalue <- f*data[i] + (1-f)*data[i+1]
+ }
+ }
> q8 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
+ np <- (n+1)*p
+ i <<- floor(np)
+ f <<- np - i
+ if (f==0) {
+ qvalue <- data[i]
+ } else {
+ if (f == 0.5) {
+ qvalue <- (data[i]+data[i+1])/2
+ } else {
+ if (f < 0.5) {
+ qvalue <- data[i]
+ } else {
+ qvalue <- data[i+1]
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
> midmean <- function(x,def) {
+ x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)])
+ n<-length(x)
+ if (def==1) {
+ qvalue1 <- q1(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q1(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==2) {
+ qvalue1 <- q2(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q2(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==3) {
+ qvalue1 <- q3(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q3(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==4) {
+ qvalue1 <- q4(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q4(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==5) {
+ qvalue1 <- q5(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q5(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==6) {
+ qvalue1 <- q6(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q6(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==7) {
+ qvalue1 <- q7(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q7(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ if (def==8) {
+ qvalue1 <- q8(x,n,0.25,i,f)
+ qvalue3 <- q8(x,n,0.75,i,f)
+ }
+ midm <- 0
+ myn <- 0
+ roundno4 <- round(n/4)
+ round3no4 <- round(3*n/4)
+ for (i in 1:n) {
+ if ((x[i]>=qvalue1) & (x[i]<=qvalue3)){
+ midm = midm + x[i]
+ myn = myn + 1
+ }
+ }
+ midm = midm / myn
+ return(midm)
+ }
> (arm <- mean(x))
[1] 291.5163
> sqrtn <- sqrt(length(x))
> (armse <- sd(x) / sqrtn)
[1] 16.24425
> (armose <- arm / armse)
[1] 17.94581
> (geo <- geomean(x))
[1] 243.9875
> (har <- harmean(x))
[1] 195.5951
> (qua <- quamean(x))
[1] 346.9022
> (win <- winmean(x))
          [,1]      [,2]
 [1,] 289.5019 15.398066
 [2,] 288.2925 14.967856
 [3,] 284.4612 13.667065
 [4,] 282.8412 13.244242
 [5,] 282.7587 13.191038
 [6,] 281.4197 12.857450
 [7,] 281.2994 12.707175
 [8,] 280.9171 12.585604
 [9,] 279.4669 12.006961
[10,] 278.8274 11.840203
[11,] 276.5812 10.950622
[12,] 272.6427 10.090596
[13,] 271.8511  9.337670
[14,] 269.6111  8.855152
[15,] 268.7448  8.714871
[16,] 268.6986  8.685292
[17,] 268.8266  8.613663
[18,] 269.7751  8.421833
[19,] 269.2558  8.129153
[20,] 268.8335  8.000720
[21,] 268.3012  7.483662
[22,] 268.1037  7.403044
[23,] 268.0315  7.390476
[24,] 269.5143  7.202583
[25,] 269.8615  7.150067
[26,] 268.1773  6.902787
[27,] 267.5929  6.778521
[28,] 267.9306  6.673336
[29,] 267.7783  6.544855
[30,] 267.1227  6.447629
[31,] 267.3707  6.406733
[32,] 264.4654  5.980159
[33,] 262.0920  5.653514
[34,] 261.4911  5.349453
[35,] 261.3561  5.291612
[36,] 256.7542  4.679884
[37,] 255.0895  4.460165
[38,] 252.9291  4.190292
[39,] 253.1810  4.045248
[40,] 251.9766  3.832446
[41,] 252.5922  3.753894
[42,] 252.6258  3.749957
[43,] 248.7274  3.287047
[44,] 248.3901  3.214204
[45,] 248.2534  2.966300
> (tri <- trimean(x))
          [,1]      [,2]
 [1,] 285.8254 14.466021
 [2,] 282.0367 13.393383
 [3,] 278.7633 12.431731
 [4,] 276.7444 11.921432
 [5,] 275.0983 11.494407
 [6,] 273.4168 11.031020
 [7,] 271.9286 10.595819
 [8,] 270.4099 10.140042
 [9,] 268.8945  9.650435
[10,] 267.5155  9.212893
[11,] 266.1640  8.747759
[12,] 265.0123  8.381934
[13,] 264.2247  8.114379
[14,] 263.4846  7.927191
[15,] 262.9219  7.785635
[16,] 262.4131  7.645600
[17,] 261.8880  7.491674
[18,] 261.3315  7.326949
[19,] 260.6786  7.164022
[20,] 260.0371  7.016183
[21,] 259.3987  6.864044
[22,] 258.7698  6.753309
[23,] 258.1262  6.635722
[24,] 257.4579  6.501755
[25,] 256.6601  6.367477
[26,] 255.8012  6.217172
[27,] 255.0079  6.075572
[28,] 254.2113  5.926427
[29,] 253.3523  5.763902
[30,] 252.4569  5.589137
[31,] 251.5528  5.396337
[32,] 250.5826  5.170835
[33,] 249.7338  4.971327
[34,] 248.9793  4.785975
[35,] 248.2150  4.609307
[36,] 247.4104  4.403133
[37,] 246.8360  4.261869
[38,] 246.3256  4.127045
[39,] 246.3256  4.008750
[40,] 245.4566  3.884973
[41,] 245.0415  3.769089
[42,] 244.5540  3.634764
[43,] 244.0245  3.463337
[44,] 243.7103  3.348964
[45,] 243.3912  3.216110
> (midr <- midrange(x))
[1] 669.961
> midm <- array(NA,dim=8)
> for (j in 1:8) midm[j] <- midmean(x,j)
> midm
[1] 248.1604 249.7338 249.7338 249.7338 248.9793 248.1604 249.7338 249.7338
> postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/16d751286190098.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) 
> lb <- win[,1] - 2*win[,2]
> ub <- win[,1] + 2*win[,2]
> if ((ylimmin == '') | (ylimmax == '')) plot(win[,1],type='b',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Winsorized Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) else plot(win[,1],type='l',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Winsorized Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(ylimmin,ylimmax))
> lines(ub,lty=3)
> lines(lb,lty=3)
> grid()
> dev.off()
null device 
          1 
> postscript(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/2ynoq1286190098.ps",horizontal=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) 
> lb <- tri[,1] - 2*tri[,2]
> ub <- tri[,1] + 2*tri[,2]
> if ((ylimmin == '') | (ylimmax == '')) plot(tri[,1],type='b',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Trimmed Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) else plot(tri[,1],type='l',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Trimmed Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(ylimmin,ylimmax))
> lines(ub,lty=3)
> lines(lb,lty=3)
> grid()
> dev.off()
null device 
          1 
> 
> #Note: the /var/www/html/rcomp/createtable file can be downloaded at http://www.wessa.net/cretab
> load(file="/var/www/html/rcomp/createtable")
> 
> a<-table.start()
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,'Central Tendency - Ungrouped Data',4,TRUE)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,'Measure',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,'Value',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,'S.E.',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,'Value/S.E.',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm', 'Arithmetic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Arithmetic Mean'),header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,arm)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean_standard_error.htm', armse, 'click to view the definition of the Standard Error of the Arithmetic Mean'))
> a<-table.element(a,armose)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/geometric_mean.htm', 'Geometric Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Geometric Mean'),header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,geo)
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/harmonic_mean.htm', 'Harmonic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Harmonic Mean'),header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,har)
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/quadratic_mean.htm', 'Quadratic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Quadratic Mean'),header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,qua)
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> for (j in 1:length(win[,1])) {
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ mylabel <- paste('Winsorized Mean (',j)
+ mylabel <- paste(mylabel,'/')
+ mylabel <- paste(mylabel,length(win[,1]))
+ mylabel <- paste(mylabel,')')
+ a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/winsorized_mean.htm', mylabel, 'click to view the definition of the Winsorized Mean'),header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,win[j,1])
+ a<-table.element(a,win[j,2])
+ a<-table.element(a,win[j,1]/win[j,2])
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ }
> for (j in 1:length(tri[,1])) {
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ mylabel <- paste('Trimmed Mean (',j)
+ mylabel <- paste(mylabel,'/')
+ mylabel <- paste(mylabel,length(tri[,1]))
+ mylabel <- paste(mylabel,')')
+ a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm', mylabel, 'click to view the definition of the Trimmed Mean'),header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,tri[j,1])
+ a<-table.element(a,tri[j,2])
+ a<-table.element(a,tri[j,1]/tri[j,2])
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ }
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/median_1.htm', 'Median', 'click to view the definition of the Median'),header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,median(x))
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midrange.htm', 'Midrange', 'click to view the definition of the Midrange'),header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midr)
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_1.htm','Weighted Average at Xnp',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[1])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_2.htm','Weighted Average at X(n+1)p',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[2])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_3.htm','Empirical Distribution Function',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[3])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_4.htm','Empirical Distribution Function - Averaging',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[4])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_5.htm','Empirical Distribution Function - Interpolation',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[5])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_6.htm','Closest Observation',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[6])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_7.htm','True Basic - Statistics Graphics Toolkit',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[7])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
> mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_8.htm','MS Excel (old versions)',''),sep=' - ')
> a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,midm[8])
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,'Number of observations',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,length(x))
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.element(a,'')
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.end(a)
> table.save(a,file="/var/www/html/rcomp/tmp/349z51286190099.tab") 
> try(system("convert tmp/16d751286190098.ps tmp/16d751286190098.png",intern=TRUE))
character(0)
> try(system("convert tmp/2ynoq1286190098.ps tmp/2ynoq1286190098.png",intern=TRUE))
character(0)
> 
> 
> proc.time()
   user  system elapsed 
  0.748   0.331   1.155