R version 2.12.2 (2011-02-25) Copyright (C) 2011 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing ISBN 3-900051-07-0 Platform: x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu (64-bit) R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details. R is a collaborative project with many contributors. Type 'contributors()' for more information and 'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications. Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or 'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help. Type 'q()' to quit R. > x <- c(5424,5567,5643,12190,13180,7308,7917,16206,10715,7004,8203,6737,8660,8888,9346,19463,21043,11669,12641,25875,17108,11182,13097,10757,14626,14246,15217,32871,35539,19707,21349,43699,28893,18886,22119,18167,22950,23375,23715,51170,55335,30685,33235,68000,44965,29410,34425,28305) > par10 = 'FALSE' > par9 = '0' > par8 = '2' > par7 = '1' > par6 = '0' > par5 = '12' > par4 = '1' > par3 = '1' > par2 = '0.0' > par1 = '12' > #'GNU S' R Code compiled by R2WASP v. 1.0.44 () > #Author: Prof. Dr. P. Wessa > #To cite this work: Wessa P., (2009), ARIMA Forecasting (v1.0.5) in Free Statistics Software (v$_version), Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.wessa.net/rwasp_arimaforecasting.wasp/ > #Source of accompanying publication: > #Technical description: > par1 <- as.numeric(par1) #cut off periods > par2 <- as.numeric(par2) #lambda > par3 <- as.numeric(par3) #degree of non-seasonal differencing > par4 <- as.numeric(par4) #degree of seasonal differencing > par5 <- as.numeric(par5) #seasonal period > par6 <- as.numeric(par6) #p > par7 <- as.numeric(par7) #q > par8 <- as.numeric(par8) #P > par9 <- as.numeric(par9) #Q > if (par10 == 'TRUE') par10 <- TRUE > if (par10 == 'FALSE') par10 <- FALSE > if (par2 == 0) x <- log(x) > if (par2 != 0) x <- x^par2 > lx <- length(x) > first <- lx - 2*par1 > nx <- lx - par1 > nx1 <- nx + 1 > fx <- lx - nx > if (fx < 1) { + fx <- par5 + nx1 <- lx + fx - 1 + first <- lx - 2*fx + } > first <- 1 > if (fx < 3) fx <- round(lx/10,0) > (arima.out <- arima(x[1:nx], order=c(par6,par3,par7), seasonal=list(order=c(par8,par4,par9), period=par5), include.mean=par10, method='ML')) Call: arima(x = x[1:nx], order = c(par6, par3, par7), seasonal = list(order = c(par8, par4, par9), period = par5), include.mean = par10, method = "ML") Coefficients: ma1 sar1 sar2 -0.5433 -0.5093 -0.0014 s.e. 0.1390 NaN NaN sigma^2 estimated as 0.0002550: log likelihood = 60.55, aic = -113.09 Warning message: In sqrt(diag(x$var.coef)) : NaNs produced > (forecast <- predict(arima.out,par1)) $pred Time Series: Start = 37 End = 48 Frequency = 1 [1] 10.08592 10.08624 10.14413 10.89572 10.97376 10.38412 10.46414 11.18047 [9] 10.76674 10.34153 10.49957 10.30275 $se Time Series: Start = 37 End = 48 Frequency = 1 [1] 0.01596955 0.01755592 0.01901037 0.02036119 0.02162780 0.02282423 [7] 0.02396099 0.02504622 0.02608633 0.02708654 0.02805110 0.02898358 > (lb <- forecast$pred - 1.96 * forecast$se) Time Series: Start = 37 End = 48 Frequency = 1 [1] 10.05462 10.05183 10.10687 10.85581 10.93137 10.33938 10.41718 11.13137 [9] 10.71561 10.28844 10.44459 10.24594 > (ub <- forecast$pred + 1.96 * forecast$se) Time Series: Start = 37 End = 48 Frequency = 1 [1] 10.11722 10.12065 10.18140 10.93562 11.01615 10.42885 10.51110 11.22956 [9] 10.81787 10.39462 10.55455 10.35955 > if (par2 == 0) { + x <- exp(x) + forecast$pred <- exp(forecast$pred) + lb <- exp(lb) + ub <- exp(ub) + } > if (par2 != 0) { + x <- x^(1/par2) + forecast$pred <- forecast$pred^(1/par2) + lb <- lb^(1/par2) + ub <- ub^(1/par2) + } > if (par2 < 0) { + olb <- lb + lb <- ub + ub <- olb + } > (actandfor <- c(x[1:nx], forecast$pred)) [1] 5424.00 5567.00 5643.00 12190.00 13180.00 7308.00 7917.00 16206.00 [9] 10715.00 7004.00 8203.00 6737.00 8660.00 8888.00 9346.00 19463.00 [17] 21043.00 11669.00 12641.00 25875.00 17108.00 11182.00 13097.00 10757.00 [25] 14626.00 14246.00 15217.00 32871.00 35539.00 19707.00 21349.00 43699.00 [33] 28893.00 18886.00 22119.00 18167.00 24002.70 24010.31 25441.45 53944.82 [41] 58323.68 32341.91 35036.28 71715.74 47417.04 30993.32 36300.05 29814.37 > (perc.se <- (ub-forecast$pred)/1.96/forecast$pred) Time Series: Start = 37 End = 48 Frequency = 1 [1] 0.01622211 0.01786146 0.01936898 0.02077293 0.02209275 0.02334245 [7] 0.02453255 0.02567117 0.02676473 0.02781844 0.02883656 0.02982264 > postscript(file="/var/www/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/10glu1302366912.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > opar <- par(mar=c(4,4,2,2),las=1) > ylim <- c( min(x[first:nx],lb), max(x[first:nx],ub)) > plot(x,ylim=ylim,type='n',xlim=c(first,lx)) > usr <- par('usr') > rect(usr[1],usr[3],nx+1,usr[4],border=NA,col='lemonchiffon') > rect(nx1,usr[3],usr[2],usr[4],border=NA,col='lavender') > abline(h= (-3:3)*2 , col ='gray', lty =3) > polygon( c(nx1:lx,lx:nx1), c(lb,rev(ub)), col = 'orange', lty=2,border=NA) > lines(nx1:lx, lb , lty=2) > lines(nx1:lx, ub , lty=2) > lines(x, lwd=2) > lines(nx1:lx, forecast$pred , lwd=2 , col ='white') > box() > par(opar) > dev.off() null device 1 > prob.dec <- array(NA, dim=fx) > prob.sdec <- array(NA, dim=fx) > prob.ldec <- array(NA, dim=fx) > prob.pval <- array(NA, dim=fx) > perf.pe <- array(0, dim=fx) > perf.mape <- array(0, dim=fx) > perf.mape1 <- array(0, dim=fx) > perf.se <- array(0, dim=fx) > perf.mse <- array(0, dim=fx) > perf.mse1 <- array(0, dim=fx) > perf.rmse <- array(0, dim=fx) > for (i in 1:fx) { + locSD <- (ub[i] - forecast$pred[i]) / 1.96 + perf.pe[i] = (x[nx+i] - forecast$pred[i]) / forecast$pred[i] + perf.se[i] = (x[nx+i] - forecast$pred[i])^2 + prob.dec[i] = pnorm((x[nx+i-1] - forecast$pred[i]) / locSD) + prob.sdec[i] = pnorm((x[nx+i-par5] - forecast$pred[i]) / locSD) + prob.ldec[i] = pnorm((x[nx] - forecast$pred[i]) / locSD) + prob.pval[i] = pnorm(abs(x[nx+i] - forecast$pred[i]) / locSD) + } > perf.mape[1] = abs(perf.pe[1]) > perf.mse[1] = abs(perf.se[1]) > for (i in 2:fx) { + perf.mape[i] = perf.mape[i-1] + abs(perf.pe[i]) + perf.mape1[i] = perf.mape[i] / i + perf.mse[i] = perf.mse[i-1] + perf.se[i] + perf.mse1[i] = perf.mse[i] / i + } > perf.rmse = sqrt(perf.mse1) > postscript(file="/var/www/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/28b4a1302366912.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > plot(forecast$pred, pch=19, type='b',main='ARIMA Extrapolation Forecast', ylab='Forecast and 95% CI', xlab='time',ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) > dum <- forecast$pred > dum[1:par1] <- x[(nx+1):lx] > lines(dum, lty=1) > lines(ub,lty=3) > lines(lb,lty=3) > dev.off() null device 1 > > #Note: the /var/www/wessaorg/rcomp/createtable file can be downloaded at http://www.wessa.net/cretab > load(file="/var/www/wessaorg/rcomp/createtable") > > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'Univariate ARIMA Extrapolation Forecast',9,TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'time',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'Y[t]',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'F[t]',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'95% LB',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'95% UB',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'p-value
(H0: Y[t] = F[t])',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'P(F[t]>Y[t-1])',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'P(F[t]>Y[t-s])',1,header=TRUE) > mylab <- paste('P(F[t]>Y[',nx,sep='') > mylab <- paste(mylab,'])',sep='') > a<-table.element(a,mylab,1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > for (i in (nx-par5):nx) { + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,i,header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,x[i]) + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.element(a,'-') + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > for (i in 1:fx) { + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,nx+i,header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,round(x[nx+i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(forecast$pred[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(lb[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(ub[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round((1-prob.pval[i]),4)) + a<-table.element(a,round((1-prob.dec[i]),4)) + a<-table.element(a,round((1-prob.sdec[i]),4)) + a<-table.element(a,round((1-prob.ldec[i]),4)) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/3966b1302366912.tab") > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'Univariate ARIMA Extrapolation Forecast Performance',7,TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'time',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'% S.E.',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'PE',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'MAPE',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'Sq.E',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'MSE',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,'RMSE',1,header=TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > for (i in 1:fx) { + a<-table.row.start(a) + a<-table.element(a,nx+i,header=TRUE) + a<-table.element(a,round(perc.se[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(perf.pe[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(perf.mape1[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(perf.se[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(perf.mse1[i],4)) + a<-table.element(a,round(perf.rmse[i],4)) + a<-table.row.end(a) + } > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/www/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/4trq21302366912.tab") > > try(system("convert tmp/10glu1302366912.ps tmp/10glu1302366912.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > try(system("convert tmp/28b4a1302366912.ps tmp/28b4a1302366912.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > > > proc.time() user system elapsed 0.930 0.160 1.135