R version 2.13.0 (2011-04-13) Copyright (C) 2011 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing ISBN 3-900051-07-0 Platform: i486-pc-linux-gnu (32-bit) R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details. R is a collaborative project with many contributors. Type 'contributors()' for more information and 'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications. Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or 'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help. Type 'q()' to quit R. > par4 = '0.8' > par3 = '15' > par2 = '45' > par1 = '365' > #'GNU S' R Code compiled by R2WASP v. 1.0.44 () > #Author: Prof. Dr. P. Wessa > #To cite this work: Wessa P., (2008), Excercise 1.13 of Introduction to Probability (v1.0.2) in Free Statistics Software (v$_version), Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.wessa.net/rwasp_babies.wasp/ > #Source of accompanying publication: Office for Research, Development, and Education > #Technical description: > par1 <- as.numeric(par1) > par2 <- as.numeric(par2) > par3 <- as.numeric(par3) > par4 <- as.numeric(par4) > numsuccessbig <- 0 > numsuccesssmall <- 0 > bighospital <- array(NA,dim=c(par1,par2)) > smallhospital <- array(NA,dim=c(par1,par3)) > bigprob <- array(NA,dim=par1) > smallprob <- array(NA,dim=par1) > for (i in 1:par1) { + bighospital[i,] <- sample(c('F','M'),par2,replace=TRUE) + if (as.matrix(table(bighospital[i,]))[2] > par4*par2) numsuccessbig = numsuccessbig + 1 + bigprob[i] <- numsuccessbig/i + smallhospital[i,] <- sample(c('F','M'),par3,replace=TRUE) + if (as.matrix(table(smallhospital[i,]))[2] > par4*par3) numsuccesssmall = numsuccesssmall + 1 + smallprob[i] <- numsuccesssmall/i + } > tbig <- as.matrix(table(bighospital)) > tsmall <- as.matrix(table(smallhospital)) > tbig [,1] F 8336 M 8089 > tsmall [,1] F 2785 M 2690 > numsuccessbig/par1 [1] 0 > bigprob[par1] [1] 0 > numsuccesssmall/par1 [1] 0.002739726 > smallprob[par1] [1] 0.002739726 > numsuccessbig/par1*365 [1] 0 > bigprob[par1]*365 [1] 0 > numsuccesssmall/par1*365 [1] 1 > smallprob[par1]*365 [1] 1 > postscript(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/1d13w1317909644.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > plot(bigprob,col=2,main='Probability in Large Hospital',xlab='#simulated days',ylab='probability') > dev.off() null device 1 > postscript(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/2139k1317909644.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556) > plot(smallprob,col=2,main='Probability in Small Hospital',xlab='#simulated days',ylab='probability') > dev.off() null device 1 > > #Note: the /var/wessaorg/rcomp/createtable file can be downloaded at http://www.wessa.net/cretab > load(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/createtable") > > a<-table.start() > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'Exercise 1.13 p. 14 (Introduction to Probability, 2nd ed.)',2,TRUE) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'Number of simulated days',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,par1) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'Expected number of births in Large Hospital',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,par2) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'Expected number of births in Small Hospital',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,par3) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'Percentage of Male births per day
(for which the probability is computed)',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,par4) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'#Females births in Large Hospital',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,tbig[1]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'#Males births in Large Hospital',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,tbig[2]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'#Female births in Small Hospital',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,tsmall[1]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > a<-table.element(a,'#Male births in Small Hospital',header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a,tsmall[2]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > dum1 <- paste('Probability of more than', par4*100, sep=' ') > dum <- paste(dum1, '% of male births in Large Hospital', sep=' ') > a<-table.element(a, dum, header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, bigprob[par1]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > dum <- paste(dum1, '% of male births in Small Hospital', sep=' ') > a<-table.element(a, dum, header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, smallprob[par1]) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.row.start(a) > dum1 <- paste('#Days per Year when more than', par4*100, sep=' ') > dum <- paste(dum1, '% of male births occur in Large Hospital', sep=' ') > a<-table.element(a, dum, header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, bigprob[par1]*365) > a<-table.row.end(a) > dum <- paste(dum1, '% of male births occur in Small Hospital', sep=' ') > a<-table.element(a, dum, header=TRUE) > a<-table.element(a, smallprob[par1]*365) > a<-table.row.end(a) > a<-table.end(a) > table.save(a,file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/3rp7q1317909644.tab") > > try(system("convert tmp/1d13w1317909644.ps tmp/1d13w1317909644.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > try(system("convert tmp/2139k1317909644.ps tmp/2139k1317909644.png",intern=TRUE)) character(0) > > > proc.time() user system elapsed 1.199 0.120 1.325