R version 2.15.2 (2012-10-26) -- "Trick or Treat"
Copyright (C) 2012 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
ISBN 3-900051-07-0
Platform: i686-pc-linux-gnu (32-bit)
R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.
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Type 'contributors()' for more information and
'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.
Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
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Type 'q()' to quit R.
> x <- array(list(99.2,96.7,101.0,99.0,98.1,100.1,100.0,100.0,100.0,111.6,104.9,90.6,122.2,104.9,86.5,117.6,109.5,89.7,121.1,110.8,90.6,136.0,112.3,82.8,154.2,109.3,70.1,153.6,105.3,65.4,158.5,101.7,61.3,140.6,95.4,62.5,136.2,96.4,63.6,168.0,97.6,52.6,154.3,102.4,59.7,149.0,101.6,59.5,165.5,103.8,61.3),dim=c(3,17),dimnames=list(c('Cons','Inc','Price'),1:17))
> y <- array(NA,dim=c(3,17),dimnames=list(c('Cons','Inc','Price'),1:17))
> for (i in 1:dim(x)[1])
+ {
+ for (j in 1:dim(x)[2])
+ {
+ y[i,j] <- as.numeric(x[i,j])
+ }
+ }
> par3 = 'Linear Trend'
> par2 = 'Do not include Seasonal Dummies'
> par1 = '2'
> par3 <- 'Linear Trend'
> par2 <- 'Do not include Seasonal Dummies'
> par1 <- '2'
> #'GNU S' R Code compiled by R2WASP v. 1.0.44 ()
> #Author: Prof. Dr. P. Wessa
> #To cite this work: AUTHOR(S), (YEAR), YOUR SOFTWARE TITLE (vNUMBER) in Free Statistics Software (v$_version), Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.wessa.net/rwasp_YOURPAGE.wasp/
> #Source of accompanying publication: Office for Research, Development, and Education
> #Technical description: Write here your technical program description (don't use hard returns!)
> library(lattice)
> library(lmtest)
Loading required package: zoo
Attaching package: 'zoo'
The following object(s) are masked from 'package:base':
as.Date, as.Date.numeric
> n25 <- 25 #minimum number of obs. for Goldfeld-Quandt test
> par1 <- as.numeric(par1)
> x <- t(y)
> k <- length(x[1,])
> n <- length(x[,1])
> x1 <- cbind(x[,par1], x[,1:k!=par1])
> mycolnames <- c(colnames(x)[par1], colnames(x)[1:k!=par1])
> colnames(x1) <- mycolnames #colnames(x)[par1]
> x <- x1
> if (par3 == 'First Differences'){
+ x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n-1,k), dimnames=list(1:(n-1), paste('(1-B)',colnames(x),sep='')))
+ for (i in 1:n-1) {
+ for (j in 1:k) {
+ x2[i,j] <- x[i+1,j] - x[i,j]
+ }
+ }
+ x <- x2
+ }
> if (par2 == 'Include Monthly Dummies'){
+ x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,11), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('M', seq(1:11), sep ='')))
+ for (i in 1:11){
+ x2[seq(i,n,12),i] <- 1
+ }
+ x <- cbind(x, x2)
+ }
> if (par2 == 'Include Quarterly Dummies'){
+ x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,3), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('Q', seq(1:3), sep ='')))
+ for (i in 1:3){
+ x2[seq(i,n,4),i] <- 1
+ }
+ x <- cbind(x, x2)
+ }
> k <- length(x[1,])
> if (par3 == 'Linear Trend'){
+ x <- cbind(x, c(1:n))
+ colnames(x)[k+1] <- 't'
+ }
> x
Inc Cons Price t
1 96.7 99.2 101.0 1
2 98.1 99.0 100.1 2
3 100.0 100.0 100.0 3
4 104.9 111.6 90.6 4
5 104.9 122.2 86.5 5
6 109.5 117.6 89.7 6
7 110.8 121.1 90.6 7
8 112.3 136.0 82.8 8
9 109.3 154.2 70.1 9
10 105.3 153.6 65.4 10
11 101.7 158.5 61.3 11
12 95.4 140.6 62.5 12
13 96.4 136.2 63.6 13
14 97.6 168.0 52.6 14
15 102.4 154.3 59.7 15
16 101.6 149.0 59.5 16
17 103.8 165.5 61.3 17
> k <- length(x[1,])
> df <- as.data.frame(x)
> (mylm <- lm(df))
Call:
lm(formula = df)
Coefficients:
(Intercept) Cons Price t
-34.8943 0.4953 0.8682 0.5557
> (mysum <- summary(mylm))
Call:
lm(formula = df)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-5.945 -3.125 1.389 2.146 4.934
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) -34.8943 33.9215 -1.029 0.32239
Cons 0.4953 0.1258 3.937 0.00170 **
Price 0.8682 0.2321 3.741 0.00247 **
t 0.5557 0.5610 0.990 0.34004
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Residual standard error: 3.821 on 13 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.5779, Adjusted R-squared: 0.4804
F-statistic: 5.932 on 3 and 13 DF, p-value: 0.008893
> if (n > n25) {
+ kp3 <- k + 3
+ nmkm3 <- n - k - 3
+ gqarr <- array(NA, dim=c(nmkm3-kp3+1,3))
+ numgqtests <- 0
+ numsignificant1 <- 0
+ numsignificant5 <- 0
+ numsignificant10 <- 0
+ for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) {
+ j <- 0
+ numgqtests <- numgqtests + 1
+ for (myalt in c('greater', 'two.sided', 'less')) {
+ j <- j + 1
+ gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,j] <- gqtest(mylm, point=mypoint, alternative=myalt)$p.value
+ }
+ if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.01) numsignificant1 <- numsignificant1 + 1
+ if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.05) numsignificant5 <- numsignificant5 + 1
+ if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.10) numsignificant10 <- numsignificant10 + 1
+ }
+ gqarr
+ }
> postscript(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/1lj6s1352801714.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556)
> plot(x[,1], type='l', main='Actuals and Interpolation', ylab='value of Actuals and Interpolation (dots)', xlab='time or index')
> points(x[,1]-mysum$resid)
> grid()
> dev.off()
null device
1
> postscript(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/2bnun1352801714.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556)
> plot(mysum$resid, type='b', pch=19, main='Residuals', ylab='value of Residuals', xlab='time or index')
> grid()
> dev.off()
null device
1
> postscript(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/3tcnp1352801714.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556)
> hist(mysum$resid, main='Residual Histogram', xlab='values of Residuals')
> grid()
> dev.off()
null device
1
> postscript(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/4cs151352801714.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556)
> densityplot(~mysum$resid,col='black',main='Residual Density Plot', xlab='values of Residuals')
> dev.off()
null device
1
> postscript(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/53z601352801714.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556)
> qqnorm(mysum$resid, main='Residual Normal Q-Q Plot')
> qqline(mysum$resid)
> grid()
> dev.off()
null device
1
> (myerror <- as.ts(mysum$resid))
Time Series:
Start = 1
End = 17
Frequency = 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
-5.7856957 -4.0608863 -3.1250104 3.6354020 1.3894555 4.9337669 3.1631880
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
3.4999741 1.9566631 1.7788815 -1.2439243 -0.2758141 1.3927337 -4.1624918
15 16 17
0.7028216 2.1458343 -5.9448983
> postscript(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/6prrq1352801715.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556)
> dum <- cbind(lag(myerror,k=1),myerror)
> dum
Time Series:
Start = 0
End = 17
Frequency = 1
lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror
0 -5.7856957 NA
1 -4.0608863 -5.7856957
2 -3.1250104 -4.0608863
3 3.6354020 -3.1250104
4 1.3894555 3.6354020
5 4.9337669 1.3894555
6 3.1631880 4.9337669
7 3.4999741 3.1631880
8 1.9566631 3.4999741
9 1.7788815 1.9566631
10 -1.2439243 1.7788815
11 -0.2758141 -1.2439243
12 1.3927337 -0.2758141
13 -4.1624918 1.3927337
14 0.7028216 -4.1624918
15 2.1458343 0.7028216
16 -5.9448983 2.1458343
17 NA -5.9448983
> dum1 <- dum[2:length(myerror),]
> dum1
lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror
[1,] -4.0608863 -5.7856957
[2,] -3.1250104 -4.0608863
[3,] 3.6354020 -3.1250104
[4,] 1.3894555 3.6354020
[5,] 4.9337669 1.3894555
[6,] 3.1631880 4.9337669
[7,] 3.4999741 3.1631880
[8,] 1.9566631 3.4999741
[9,] 1.7788815 1.9566631
[10,] -1.2439243 1.7788815
[11,] -0.2758141 -1.2439243
[12,] 1.3927337 -0.2758141
[13,] -4.1624918 1.3927337
[14,] 0.7028216 -4.1624918
[15,] 2.1458343 0.7028216
[16,] -5.9448983 2.1458343
> z <- as.data.frame(dum1)
> z
lag(myerror, k = 1) myerror
1 -4.0608863 -5.7856957
2 -3.1250104 -4.0608863
3 3.6354020 -3.1250104
4 1.3894555 3.6354020
5 4.9337669 1.3894555
6 3.1631880 4.9337669
7 3.4999741 3.1631880
8 1.9566631 3.4999741
9 1.7788815 1.9566631
10 -1.2439243 1.7788815
11 -0.2758141 -1.2439243
12 1.3927337 -0.2758141
13 -4.1624918 1.3927337
14 0.7028216 -4.1624918
15 2.1458343 0.7028216
16 -5.9448983 2.1458343
> plot(z,main=paste('Residual Lag plot, lowess, and regression line'), ylab='values of Residuals', xlab='lagged values of Residuals')
> lines(lowess(z))
> abline(lm(z))
> grid()
> dev.off()
null device
1
> postscript(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/73ega1352801715.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556)
> acf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Autocorrelation Function')
> grid()
> dev.off()
null device
1
> postscript(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/8w82y1352801715.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556)
> pacf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Partial Autocorrelation Function')
> grid()
> dev.off()
null device
1
> postscript(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/9qmlc1352801715.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556)
> opar <- par(mfrow = c(2,2), oma = c(0, 0, 1.1, 0))
> plot(mylm, las = 1, sub='Residual Diagnostics')
> par(opar)
> dev.off()
null device
1
> if (n > n25) {
+ postscript(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/10gvhs1352801715.ps",horizontal=F,onefile=F,pagecentre=F,paper="special",width=8.3333333333333,height=5.5555555555556)
+ plot(kp3:nmkm3,gqarr[,2], main='Goldfeld-Quandt test',ylab='2-sided p-value',xlab='breakpoint')
+ grid()
+ dev.off()
+ }
>
> #Note: the /var/wessaorg/rcomp/createtable file can be downloaded at http://www.wessa.net/cretab
> load(file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/createtable")
>
> a<-table.start()
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Estimated Regression Equation', 1, TRUE)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> myeq <- colnames(x)[1]
> myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t] = ', sep='')
> for (i in 1:k){
+ if (mysum$coefficients[i,1] > 0) myeq <- paste(myeq, '+', '')
+ myeq <- paste(myeq, mysum$coefficients[i,1], sep=' ')
+ if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != '(Intercept)') {
+ myeq <- paste(myeq, rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i], sep='')
+ if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != 't') myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t]', sep='')
+ }
+ }
> myeq <- paste(myeq, ' + e[t]')
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, myeq)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.end(a)
> table.save(a,file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/11wa921352801715.tab")
> a<-table.start()
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/ols1.htm','Multiple Linear Regression - Ordinary Least Squares',''), 6, TRUE)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a,'Variable',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,'Parameter',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,'S.D.',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,'T-STAT
H0: parameter = 0',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,'2-tail p-value',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a,'1-tail p-value',header=TRUE)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> for (i in 1:k){
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ a<-table.element(a,rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i],header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,mysum$coefficients[i,1])
+ a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,2],6))
+ a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,3],4))
+ a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4],6))
+ a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4]/2,6))
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ }
> a<-table.end(a)
> table.save(a,file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/12idyy1352801715.tab")
> a<-table.start()
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Regression Statistics', 2, TRUE)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple R',1,TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a, sqrt(mysum$r.squared))
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'R-squared',1,TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a, mysum$r.squared)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'Adjusted R-squared',1,TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a, mysum$adj.r.squared)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (value)',1,TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[1])
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF numerator)',1,TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[2])
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF denominator)',1,TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[3])
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'p-value',1,TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a, 1-pf(mysum$fstatistic[1],mysum$fstatistic[2],mysum$fstatistic[3]))
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Residual Statistics', 2, TRUE)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'Residual Standard Deviation',1,TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a, mysum$sigma)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'Sum Squared Residuals',1,TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a, sum(myerror*myerror))
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.end(a)
> table.save(a,file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/13bfod1352801715.tab")
> a<-table.start()
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Actuals, Interpolation, and Residuals', 4, TRUE)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> a<-table.row.start(a)
> a<-table.element(a, 'Time or Index', 1, TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a, 'Actuals', 1, TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a, 'Interpolation
Forecast', 1, TRUE)
> a<-table.element(a, 'Residuals
Prediction Error', 1, TRUE)
> a<-table.row.end(a)
> for (i in 1:n) {
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ a<-table.element(a,i, 1, TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,x[i])
+ a<-table.element(a,x[i]-mysum$resid[i])
+ a<-table.element(a,mysum$resid[i])
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ }
> a<-table.end(a)
> table.save(a,file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/14xv3u1352801715.tab")
> if (n > n25) {
+ a<-table.start()
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ a<-table.element(a,'Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE)
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ a<-table.element(a,'p-values',header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,'Alternative Hypothesis',3,header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ a<-table.element(a,'breakpoint index',header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,'greater',header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,'2-sided',header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,'less',header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) {
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ a<-table.element(a,mypoint,header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,1])
+ a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2])
+ a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,3])
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ }
+ a<-table.end(a)
+ table.save(a,file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/15zkrc1352801715.tab")
+ a<-table.start()
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ a<-table.element(a,'Meta Analysis of Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE)
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ a<-table.element(a,'Description',header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,'# significant tests',header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,'% significant tests',header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,'OK/NOK',header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ a<-table.element(a,'1% type I error level',header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1)
+ a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1/numgqtests)
+ if (numsignificant1/numgqtests < 0.01) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK'
+ a<-table.element(a,dum)
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ a<-table.element(a,'5% type I error level',header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5)
+ a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5/numgqtests)
+ if (numsignificant5/numgqtests < 0.05) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK'
+ a<-table.element(a,dum)
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ a<-table.row.start(a)
+ a<-table.element(a,'10% type I error level',header=TRUE)
+ a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10)
+ a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10/numgqtests)
+ if (numsignificant10/numgqtests < 0.1) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK'
+ a<-table.element(a,dum)
+ a<-table.row.end(a)
+ a<-table.end(a)
+ table.save(a,file="/var/wessaorg/rcomp/tmp/16aqyt1352801715.tab")
+ }
>
> try(system("convert tmp/1lj6s1352801714.ps tmp/1lj6s1352801714.png",intern=TRUE))
character(0)
> try(system("convert tmp/2bnun1352801714.ps tmp/2bnun1352801714.png",intern=TRUE))
character(0)
> try(system("convert tmp/3tcnp1352801714.ps tmp/3tcnp1352801714.png",intern=TRUE))
character(0)
> try(system("convert tmp/4cs151352801714.ps tmp/4cs151352801714.png",intern=TRUE))
character(0)
> try(system("convert tmp/53z601352801714.ps tmp/53z601352801714.png",intern=TRUE))
character(0)
> try(system("convert tmp/6prrq1352801715.ps tmp/6prrq1352801715.png",intern=TRUE))
character(0)
> try(system("convert tmp/73ega1352801715.ps tmp/73ega1352801715.png",intern=TRUE))
character(0)
> try(system("convert tmp/8w82y1352801715.ps tmp/8w82y1352801715.png",intern=TRUE))
character(0)
> try(system("convert tmp/9qmlc1352801715.ps tmp/9qmlc1352801715.png",intern=TRUE))
character(0)
> try(system("convert tmp/10gvhs1352801715.ps tmp/10gvhs1352801715.png",intern=TRUE))
convert: unable to open image `tmp/10gvhs1352801715.ps': @ error/blob.c/OpenBlob/2587.
convert: missing an image filename `tmp/10gvhs1352801715.png' @ error/convert.c/ConvertImageCommand/3011.
character(0)
attr(,"status")
[1] 1
Warning message:
running command 'convert tmp/10gvhs1352801715.ps tmp/10gvhs1352801715.png' had status 1
>
>
> proc.time()
user system elapsed
7.990 1.415 9.359