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Description of Statistical Computation

Author's title

Author*The author of this computation has been verified*
R Software Modulerwasp_rwalk.wasp
Title produced by softwareLaw of Averages
Date of computationSun, 30 Nov 2008 10:41:02 -0700
Cite this page as followsStatistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?v=date/2008/Nov/30/t1228066904mac0749sgjbu8xb.htm/, Retrieved Thu, 30 Oct 2025 18:57:00 +0000
Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=26639, Retrieved Thu, 30 Oct 2025 18:57:00 +0000
QR Codes:

Original text written by user:
IsPrivate?No (this computation is public)
User-defined keywords
Estimated Impact313

Tree of Dependent Computations

Family? (F = Feedback message, R = changed R code, M = changed R Module, P = changed Parameters, D = changed Data)
F     [Law of Averages] [Random Walk Simul...] [2008-11-25 18:40:39] [b98453cac15ba1066b407e146608df68]
F         [Law of Averages] [q4 / 7 ] [2008-11-30 17:41:02] [6912578025c824de531bc660dd61b996] [Current]
F           [Law of Averages] [] [2008-12-01 17:22:10] [4ddbf81f78ea7c738951638c7e93f6ee]
F           [Law of Averages] [q4 taak 7] [2008-12-01 17:26:50] [7506b5e9e41ec66c6657f4234f97306e]
F           [Law of Averages] [Q4 taak 7] [2008-12-01 17:36:07] [491a70d26f8c977398d8a0c1c87d3dd4]
F           [Law of Averages] [] [2008-12-01 18:52:28] [c5e27150943bc3d623392efb0d98f8d3]
-           [Law of Averages] [Q4] [2008-12-01 18:54:37] [b47fceb71c9525e79a89b5fc6d023d0e]
F           [Law of Averages] [Non Stationary Ti...] [2008-12-01 18:56:47] [db72903d7941c8279d5ce0e4e873d517]
F           [Law of Averages] [] [2008-12-01 23:01:16] [fad8a251ac01c156a8ae23a83577546f]
Feedback Forum
2008-12-07 12:19:53 [Dana Molenberghs] [reply] 
Zoals Pieter zeg is er idd een lange termijn trend dit zien we op het raw periodogram. De spectrumwaarden in het begin zijn significant groter dan de rest. In het cumulatieve periodogram zien we ook dat de waarden in het begin enorm hard stijgen (tot 70% van de totale reeks). Het is dus noodzakelijk om de LT-trend uit de tijdreeks te halen door de kleine d op 1 te zetten. Dit konden we vooraf ook in Q3 afleiden uit het VRM.
2008-12-08 16:27:58 [Lindsay Heyndrickx] [reply] 
Bij het raw periodogram wordt berekend welke sinussen en cosinussen in de tijdreeks zitten. Hier moet je kijken naar de frequenties van de golfbeweging. Een kleine frequentie wijst op een trage beweging en lange perioden. Een lange termijn golfbeweging wijst hier op een trend.
Bij het cumulatieve periodogram wordt de frequentie gecumuleerd. Dit wordt geschat tussen 0 en 1. Hier kunnen we zeggen dat het hier significant is daar de grafiek niet tussen de twee stippellijnen ligt.
2008-12-08 18:26:09 [Jan Cavents] [reply] 
je antwoord is correct, toch kan je nog toevoegen dat het gegevens antwoord significant is bij de cum. period. omdat het niet in het betrouwbaarheidsinterval ligt.

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Dataset

Tables (Output of Computation)





Summary of computational transaction
Raw Inputview raw input (R code)
Raw Outputview raw output of R engine
Computing time3 seconds
R Server'Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher' @ 193.190.124.24

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Summary of computational transaction \tabularnewline
Raw Input & view raw input (R code)  \tabularnewline
Raw Output & view raw output of R engine  \tabularnewline
Computing time & 3 seconds \tabularnewline
R Server & 'Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher' @ 193.190.124.24 \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=26639&T=0

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Summary of computational transaction[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Raw Input[/C][C]view raw input (R code) [/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Raw Output[/C][C]view raw output of R engine [/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Computing time[/C][C]3 seconds[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]R Server[/C][C]'Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher' @ 193.190.124.24[/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=26639&T=0

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=26639&T=0

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:  
QR Code


The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Summary of computational transaction
Raw Inputview raw input (R code)
Raw Outputview raw output of R engine
Computing time3 seconds
R Server'Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher' @ 193.190.124.24


Figures (Output of Computation)

Input Parameters & R Code

Parameters (Session):
par1 = 500 ; par2 = 0.5 ;
Parameters (R input):
par1 = 500 ; par2 = 0.5 ;
R code (references can be found in the software module):
n <- as.numeric(par1)
p <- as.numeric(par2)
heads=rbinom(n-1,1,p)
a=2*(heads)-1
b=diffinv(a,xi=0)
c=1:n
pheads=(diffinv(heads,xi=.5))/c
bitmap(file='test1.png')
op=par(mfrow=c(2,1))
plot(c,b,type='n',main='Law of Averages',xlab='Toss Number',ylab='Excess of Heads',lwd=2,cex.lab=1.5,cex.main=2)
lines(c,b,col='red')
lines(c,rep(0,n),col='black')
plot(c,pheads,type='n',xlab='Toss Number',ylab='Proportion of Heads',lwd=2,cex.lab=1.5)
lines(c,pheads,col='blue')
lines(c,rep(.5,n),col='black')
par(op)
dev.off()
b
x <- b
bitmap(file='test1.png')
r <- spectrum(x,main='Raw Periodogram')
dev.off()
r
bitmap(file='test2.png')
cpgram(x,main='Cumulative Periodogram')
dev.off()