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Author's title

Author

*Unverified author*

R Software Module

rwasp_cronbach.wasp

Title produced by software

Cronbach Alpha

Date of computation

Wed, 20 Oct 2021 14:38:52 +0200

Cite this page as follows

Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?v=date/2021/Oct/20/t1634733761yhzf193jibs24ar.htm/, Retrieved Sat, 25 Apr 2026 15:25:56 +0000

Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=319542, Retrieved Sat, 25 Apr 2026 15:25:56 +0000

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Original text written by user:

IsPrivate?

No (this computation is public)

User-defined keywords

Estimated Impact

295

Family? (F = Feedback message, R = changed R code, M = changed R Module, P = changed Parameters, D = changed Data)

-       [Cronbach Alpha] [] [2021-10-20 12:38:52] [d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e] [Current]

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Dataseries X:

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Histogram

Boxplots

5	1	5	1	5	5	5	5	3	5	5	5	1	1	3	5	3
4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	2	3	4	4	3
4	2	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	2	2	4	4	2
3	2	4	2	4	4	4	5	4	4	4	5	2	2	4	4	3
5	3	5	1	5	5	5	5	5	4	5	5	3	1	3	3	1
4	3	4	3	4	4	4	4	4	5	4	4	2	3	4	4	3
4	3	4	2	4	4	4	4	4	3	4	4	2	3	2	4	3
4	2	4	2	4	4	4	4	4	3	4	4	4	3	4	4	4
5	5	5	5	5	4	5	5	4	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
5	5	4	2	4	5	5	4	5	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
5	5	5	5	5	4	5	5	4	5	5	5	5	1	5	5	5
5	1	5	1	5	5	5	5	3	4	4	5	5	2	3	5	3
4	4	4	4	4	5	5	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	5	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
5	4	5	1	5	4	4	5	5	4	4	5	1	1	3	5	3
4	3	5	3	5	5	5	5	3	5	5	4	3	3	3	4	3
5	4	3	3	3	5	5	3	4	3	4	3	3	3	3	3	3
4	3	4	2	4	3	3	4	4	4	3	4	2	2	3	4	3
4	2	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
4	4	4	3	4	4	4	4	3	4	4	4	4	3	3	4	4
5	4	4	3	5	4	4	5	3	5	4	5	4	3	4	4	4
4	3	4	4	5	4	4	4	3	4	5	4	4	4	4	4	4
4	4	4	4	3	5	5	4	3	4	4	4	2	3	3	4	2
4	2	5	2	4	4	4	5	4	5	4	5	3	2	4	4	4
4	2	4	2	4	4	4	4	4	3	4	3	4	1	5	4	1
5	2	4	2	4	2	4	5	4	4	5	4	2	3	2	4	4
5	2	3	2	5	4	4	3	4	3	4	4	2	2	4	3	3
3	2	4	2	4	4	4	4	3	4	5	3	4	1	5	5	1
5	4	4	3	4	3	4	4	3	4	5	4	3	3	4	4	3
3	2	4	2	5	4	3	5	3	4	4	4	2	2	4	4	2
4	2	4	2	2	4	4	4	4	5	4	5	4	3	4	4	3
4	3	1	3	4	5	4	5	3	1	5	5	4	2	5	1	2
5	2	4	2	4	4	3	4	2	4	1	4	2	3	3	4	3
4	2	5	2	2	4	4	5	4	5	4	4	3	3	3	4	3
5	1	4	2	4	4	4	4	3	4	4	4	4	2	4	4	3
4	3	4	2	4	4	5	4	4	4	4	4	3	3	4	4	3
4	3	5	3	5	4	5	5	4	5	4	5	5	5	5	5	5
5	5	5	5	4	5	4	5	4	4	5	4	3	2	4	4	3
5	3	3	2	4	3	4	3	3	3	4	3	3	3	3	3	3
3	3	4	3	4	3	4	4	3	4	3	4	2	2	3	3	3
5	1	5	1	2	4	4	5	3	5	4	5	1	1	1	1	1
5	5	4	5	4	5	5	4	5	4	5	4	2	2	3	4	3
4	3	5	2	5	4	5	5	4	5	4	5	2	2	5	2	2
5	5	4	5	3	5	3	4	3	3	5	5	2	3	3	3	4
4	2	4	2	3	5	4	5	3	4	4	4	2	2	4	4	2
5	1	5	2	4	4	5	4	5	5	4	5	1	1	5	2	1
5	1	5	1	5	5	4	5	3	5	5	5	1	1	5	5	1
5	1	4	1	4	5	5	5	5	4	5	5	1	3	3	4	3
5	2	4	2	5	4	5	4	3	4	5	4	4	3	3	5	3
4	2	4	3	5	4	3	4	4	4	4	4	3	3	3	4	4
4	3	3	4	5	4	4	5	3	4	4	4	2	3	3	5	3
4	3	3	2	5	4	5	4	5	3	4	4	3	3	3	4	3
4	2	3	2	5	3	4	4	3	4	4	4	2	2	4	4	2
4	3	4	2	5	4	4	4	3	3	4	4	5	3	3	5	3
5	2	5	1	4	4	4	5	4	4	4	4	2	2	3	3	2
4	2	4	2	4	4	4	4	3	5	3	4	3	2	4	2	3
4	4	4	3	4	5	3	4	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
4	2	4	4	4	5	4	5	4	5	4	5	1	2	4	4	3
5	3	5	3	4	5	4	4	3	5	4	5	3	2	3	3	3
4	2	4	2	3	5	4	4	2	4	5	4	2	2	4	5	3
5	2	5	2	4	4	4	4	3	3	5	4	2	2	3	4	4
5	2	2	1	4	3	4	4	4	3	4	4	2	4	2	3	4
3	3	3	3	5	4	5	3	4	4	4	4	3	2	3	3	3
4	3	4	4	5	4	5	4	3	5	3	5	2	2	4	3	2
4	2	4	2	5	4	5	5	4	4	4	3	3	2	2	4	3
4	3	3	2	4	4	4	5	3	4	5	2	4	2	4	4	2
4	2	4	2	4	5	3	4	2	4	4	5	2	2	4	3	2
5	2	5	2	4	4	4	5	4	4	3	4	2	2	4	3	3
4	4	4	2	4	5	4	4	3	4	5	5	2	2	3	3	3
5	2	4	2	4	4	3	5	3	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
4	4	4	4	5	5	4	5	2	2	4	5	2	2	4	2	2
5	2	4	1	5	5	5	4	3	4	4	4	2	3	3	4	2
4	2	4	2	4	5	4	4	4	3	4	4	2	2	5	3	3
5	2	5	2	5	5	4	5	3	4	4	4	2	2	2	4	3
3	4	4	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	2	3	3	4	4
5	5	4	2	5	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	2	2	4	3	2
4	2	4	2	5	4	4	4	3	4	4	4	4	2	4	3	3
4	2	4	3	5	4	4	5	3	4	4	3	2	3	3	4	4
3	3	4	3	4	3	4	4	2	3	4	4	2	2	4	4	2
5	2	4	2	4	4	4	5	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
4	4	4	4	4	4	2	5	4	3	4	4	2	3	3	5	4
4	3	4	2	4	3	4	5	4	4	5	4	2	2	3	2	4
4	5	5	5	3	5	5	4	2	4	5	4	2	2	4	4	2
4	2	4	2	4	4	3	3	4	4	4	3	3	3	3	4	3
3	3	3	3	4	3	3	4	4	5	3	5	3	3	3	2	2
5	2	4	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	2	3	3	4	3
4	2	4	2	5	4	4	5	3	4	4	4	2	2	4	4	2
5	2	4	2	4	5	5	5	3	4	4	5	1	1	3	3	1
5	1	5	1	3	5	5	4	2	4	5	4	3	3	3	3	3
4	3	5	3	4	4	4	4	3	4	4	4	2	2	4	3	2
4	3	4	2	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	3	3	3	4	3
4	2	4	4	5	4	4	4	3	4	4	4	2	3	3	4	4
4	3	4	2	5	4	4	4	3	4	4	4	2	3	3	4	4
4	2	4	2	4	4	4	5	4	4	4	4	4	2	4	4	2
5	2	4	2	5	5	4	4	4	4	5	4	4	3	3	4	4
4	3	4	3	4	3	4	4	3	4	3	4	2	2	5	2	2
4	4	4	3	4	4	3	5	3	5	4	4	3	3	2	4	4
5	1	5	3	5	4	4	4	3	4	3	4	4	4	4	4	4
4	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	3	4	4	3	1	3	3	3
4	4	4	2	4	4	4	4	3	5	4	4	2	2	3	4	3
5	3	5	2	5	4	3	5	3	4	5	5	2	2	3	5	3
5	2	5	2	5	5	5	4	3	4	5	4	2	3	3	3	3
4	3	4	2	5	5	4	4	4	4	4	2	2	2	2	5	2
4	3	4	4	3	2	3	4	3	3	3	4	3	4	4	3	3
3	3	3	3	3	3	4	4	4	4	3	4	3	3	4	4	4
4	3	4	3	4	4	4	4	3	4	4	4	3	3	3	4	3
5	3	4	3	4	4	3	4	3	5	4	4	4	3	4	4	3
4	3	4	3	5	4	4	4	4	5	4	4	4	3	4	4	3
4	3	4	3	4	4	4	3	3	4	4	5	3	2	5	4	3
5	3	5	3	5	5	5	5	4	4	4	4	2	2	5	3	2
4	1	5	5	5	5	4	5	3	4	4	5	2	1	5	2	4
5	2	5	2	5	5	5	4	4	3	5	4	4	4	3	2	4
4	4	4	2	4	4	4	5	3	4	5	5	2	2	4	3	1
5	2	5	4	4	5	4	4	3	4	4	4	4	3	3	2	3
4	2	4	1	4	4	4	4	4	3	5	3	3	3	3	3	3
4	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	5	5	4	4	3	3	3	3	3
4	2	4	3	4	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	2	2	3	3	2
4	2	4	2	4	4	3	4	4	4	4	4	2	2	3	3	3
4	2	4	2	4	4	5	4	4	4	4	4	2	2	3	2	3
1	2	1	3	4	4	3	4	3	4	3	4	2	2	4	3	2
1	2	5	2	4	4	4	5	3	5	4	5	1	3	3	5	5
5	3	5	2	5	5	5	5	3	3	4	5	2	2	3	2	2
5	2	5	1	5	5	4	4	3	4	5	4	2	3	3	4	4
4	4	4	2	5	4	4	5	3	3	4	4	4	4	2	4	5
4	4	5	4	5	5	4	5	4	4	4	5	4	1	4	5	4
5	4	4	3	4	4	5	4	5	3	4	4	2	3	2	4	3
4	3	4	2	4	4	4	5	3	4	5	4	2	2	4	5	3
4	2	4	2	4	4	4	5	4	5	4	3	2	2	3	4	3
4	2	4	2	4	3	3	4	5	4	4	5	2	3	2	5	5
5	2	4	2	5	5	5	4	3	4	4	4	2	2	4	4	2
4	3	4	2	4	4	4	5	4	3	4	5	5	5	5	5	5
5	1	5	1	5	5	5	4	4	4	5	4	2	2	4	4	3
5	2	5	2	4	4	3	4	3	4	4	4	2	3	3	5	3
4	2	4	2	5	4	5	3	4	3	4	3	3	3	3	5	3
3	3	3	3	3	3	3	4	1	4	3	4	2	2	4	5	4
4	5	4	2	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	2	2	3	4	3
4	2	4	2	4	4	4	4	3	4	4	4	2	1	3	5	4
4	2	4	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	2	2	3	3	3
4	2	5	3	5	5	5	5	4	5	5	4	2	2	4	3	3
5	2	4	2	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	2	3	3	4	3
5	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	3	4	4	4	2	1	3	5	1

Summary of computational transaction
Raw Input	view raw input (R code)
Raw Output	view raw output of R engine
Computing time	1 seconds
R Server	Big Analytics Cloud Computing Center

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Summary of computational transaction \tabularnewline
Raw Input view raw input (R code)  \tabularnewline
Raw Outputview raw output of R engine  \tabularnewline
Computing time1 seconds \tabularnewline
R ServerBig Analytics Cloud Computing Center \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=319542&T=0

[TABLE]
[ROW]

Summary of computational transaction[/C][/ROW] [ROW]

Raw Input[/C]

view raw input (R code) [/C][/ROW] [ROW]

Raw Output[/C]

view raw output of R engine [/C][/ROW] [ROW]

Computing time[/C]

1 seconds[/C][/ROW] [ROW]

R Server[/C]

Big Analytics Cloud Computing Center[/C][/ROW] [/TABLE] Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=319542&T=0

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=319542&T=0

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:

The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Summary of computational transaction
Raw Input	view raw input (R code)
Raw Output	view raw output of R engine
Computing time	1 seconds
R Server	Big Analytics Cloud Computing Center

Cronbach Alpha and Related Statistics
Items	Cronbach Alpha	Std. Alpha	G6(smc)	Average R
All itmes	0.5985	0.6144	0.7112	0.0857
Q1 excluded	0.5819	0.5941	0.6915	0.0838
Q2 excluded	0.5786	0.6046	0.6942	0.0872
Q3 excluded	0.5644	0.5698	0.6688	0.0764
Q4 excluded	0.5816	0.6051	0.6918	0.0874
Q5 excluded	0.5959	0.6091	0.7085	0.0888
Q6 excluded	0.571	0.5785	0.6829	0.079
Q7 excluded	0.5692	0.5772	0.6796	0.0786
Q8 excluded	0.5809	0.5899	0.6922	0.0825
Q9 excluded	0.618	0.6321	0.7237	0.097
Q10 excluded	0.5938	0.6091	0.7022	0.0888
Q11 excluded	0.588	0.5979	0.6965	0.085
Q12 excluded	0.5834	0.5944	0.6913	0.0839
Q13 excluded	0.5811	0.6057	0.6964	0.0876
Q14 excluded	0.541	0.5745	0.6709	0.0778
Q15 excluded	0.6234	0.6328	0.7161	0.0972
Q16 excluded	0.602	0.6213	0.712	0.093
Q17 excluded	0.5557	0.5902	0.6759	0.0826

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Cronbach Alpha and Related Statistics \tabularnewline
Items & Cronbach Alpha & Std. Alpha & G6(smc) & Average R \tabularnewline
All itmes & 0.5985 & 0.6144 & 0.7112 & 0.0857 \tabularnewline
Q1 excluded & 0.5819 & 0.5941 & 0.6915 & 0.0838 \tabularnewline
Q2 excluded & 0.5786 & 0.6046 & 0.6942 & 0.0872 \tabularnewline
Q3 excluded & 0.5644 & 0.5698 & 0.6688 & 0.0764 \tabularnewline
Q4 excluded & 0.5816 & 0.6051 & 0.6918 & 0.0874 \tabularnewline
Q5 excluded & 0.5959 & 0.6091 & 0.7085 & 0.0888 \tabularnewline
Q6 excluded & 0.571 & 0.5785 & 0.6829 & 0.079 \tabularnewline
Q7 excluded & 0.5692 & 0.5772 & 0.6796 & 0.0786 \tabularnewline
Q8 excluded & 0.5809 & 0.5899 & 0.6922 & 0.0825 \tabularnewline
Q9 excluded & 0.618 & 0.6321 & 0.7237 & 0.097 \tabularnewline
Q10 excluded & 0.5938 & 0.6091 & 0.7022 & 0.0888 \tabularnewline
Q11 excluded & 0.588 & 0.5979 & 0.6965 & 0.085 \tabularnewline
Q12 excluded & 0.5834 & 0.5944 & 0.6913 & 0.0839 \tabularnewline
Q13 excluded & 0.5811 & 0.6057 & 0.6964 & 0.0876 \tabularnewline
Q14 excluded & 0.541 & 0.5745 & 0.6709 & 0.0778 \tabularnewline
Q15 excluded & 0.6234 & 0.6328 & 0.7161 & 0.0972 \tabularnewline
Q16 excluded & 0.602 & 0.6213 & 0.712 & 0.093 \tabularnewline
Q17 excluded & 0.5557 & 0.5902 & 0.6759 & 0.0826 \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=319542&T=1

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Cronbach Alpha and Related Statistics[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Items[/C][C]Cronbach Alpha[/C][C]Std. Alpha[/C][C]G6(smc)[/C][C]Average R[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]All itmes[/C][C]0.5985[/C][C]0.6144[/C][C]0.7112[/C][C]0.0857[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q1 excluded[/C][C]0.5819[/C][C]0.5941[/C][C]0.6915[/C][C]0.0838[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q2 excluded[/C][C]0.5786[/C][C]0.6046[/C][C]0.6942[/C][C]0.0872[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q3 excluded[/C][C]0.5644[/C][C]0.5698[/C][C]0.6688[/C][C]0.0764[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q4 excluded[/C][C]0.5816[/C][C]0.6051[/C][C]0.6918[/C][C]0.0874[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q5 excluded[/C][C]0.5959[/C][C]0.6091[/C][C]0.7085[/C][C]0.0888[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q6 excluded[/C][C]0.571[/C][C]0.5785[/C][C]0.6829[/C][C]0.079[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q7 excluded[/C][C]0.5692[/C][C]0.5772[/C][C]0.6796[/C][C]0.0786[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q8 excluded[/C][C]0.5809[/C][C]0.5899[/C][C]0.6922[/C][C]0.0825[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q9 excluded[/C][C]0.618[/C][C]0.6321[/C][C]0.7237[/C][C]0.097[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q10 excluded[/C][C]0.5938[/C][C]0.6091[/C][C]0.7022[/C][C]0.0888[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q11 excluded[/C][C]0.588[/C][C]0.5979[/C][C]0.6965[/C][C]0.085[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q12 excluded[/C][C]0.5834[/C][C]0.5944[/C][C]0.6913[/C][C]0.0839[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q13 excluded[/C][C]0.5811[/C][C]0.6057[/C][C]0.6964[/C][C]0.0876[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q14 excluded[/C][C]0.541[/C][C]0.5745[/C][C]0.6709[/C][C]0.0778[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q15 excluded[/C][C]0.6234[/C][C]0.6328[/C][C]0.7161[/C][C]0.0972[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q16 excluded[/C][C]0.602[/C][C]0.6213[/C][C]0.712[/C][C]0.093[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Q17 excluded[/C][C]0.5557[/C][C]0.5902[/C][C]0.6759[/C][C]0.0826[/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=319542&T=1

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=319542&T=1

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:

The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Cronbach Alpha and Related Statistics
Items	Cronbach Alpha	Std. Alpha	G6(smc)	Average R
All itmes	0.5985	0.6144	0.7112	0.0857
Q1 excluded	0.5819	0.5941	0.6915	0.0838
Q2 excluded	0.5786	0.6046	0.6942	0.0872
Q3 excluded	0.5644	0.5698	0.6688	0.0764
Q4 excluded	0.5816	0.6051	0.6918	0.0874
Q5 excluded	0.5959	0.6091	0.7085	0.0888
Q6 excluded	0.571	0.5785	0.6829	0.079
Q7 excluded	0.5692	0.5772	0.6796	0.0786
Q8 excluded	0.5809	0.5899	0.6922	0.0825
Q9 excluded	0.618	0.6321	0.7237	0.097
Q10 excluded	0.5938	0.6091	0.7022	0.0888
Q11 excluded	0.588	0.5979	0.6965	0.085
Q12 excluded	0.5834	0.5944	0.6913	0.0839
Q13 excluded	0.5811	0.6057	0.6964	0.0876
Q14 excluded	0.541	0.5745	0.6709	0.0778
Q15 excluded	0.6234	0.6328	0.7161	0.0972
Q16 excluded	0.602	0.6213	0.712	0.093
Q17 excluded	0.5557	0.5902	0.6759	0.0826

Parameters (Session):

par1 = TRUE ;

Parameters (R input):

par1 = TRUE ;

R code (references can be found in the software module):

library(psych)
par1b <- T
if(par1=='FALSE') par1b <- F
z <- t(y)
(r <- alpha(z,check.keys=par1b))
load(file='createtable')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Cronbach Alpha and Related Statistics',5,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Items',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'Cronbach Alpha',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'Std. Alpha',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'G6(smc)',1,TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'Average R',1,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'All itmes',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,round(r$total['raw_alpha'],4))
a<-table.element(a,round(r$total['std.alpha'],4))
a<-table.element(a,round(r$total['G6(smc)'],4))
a<-table.element(a,round(r$total['average_r'],4))
a<-table.row.end(a)
n = length(z[1,])
for (i in 1:n) {
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,paste(colnames(z)[i],' excluded',sep=''),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,round(r$alpha.drop[i,'raw_alpha'],4))
a<-table.element(a,round(r$alpha.drop[i,'std.alpha'],4))
a<-table.element(a,round(r$alpha.drop[i,'G6(smc)'],4))
a<-table.element(a,round(r$alpha.drop[i,'average_r'],4))
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable.tab')

Free Statistics

Description of Statistical Computation

Tree of Dependent Computations

Dataset

Tables (Output of Computation)

Figures (Output of Computation)

Input Parameters & R Code