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Description of Statistical Computation

Author's title

Author*The author of this computation has been verified*
R Software Modulerwasp_twosampletests_mean.wasp
Title produced by softwarePaired and Unpaired Two Samples Tests about the Mean
Date of computationTue, 02 Nov 2010 16:15:30 +0000
Cite this page as followsStatistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?v=date/2010/Nov/02/t1288714529yieml4m8qrxtlub.htm/, Retrieved Sat, 27 Apr 2024 15:44:06 +0000
Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=91788, Retrieved Sat, 27 Apr 2024 15:44:06 +0000
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Original text written by user:
IsPrivate?No (this computation is public)
User-defined keywords
Estimated Impact120

Tree of Dependent Computations

Family? (F = Feedback message, R = changed R code, M = changed R Module, P = changed Parameters, D = changed Data)
-     [Paired and Unpaired Two Samples Tests about the Mean] [Dagelijkse omzet ...] [2010-10-25 11:22:12] [b98453cac15ba1066b407e146608df68]
F   PD  [Paired and Unpaired Two Samples Tests about the Mean] [WS5 Q1] [2010-10-28 18:44:27] [afe9379cca749d06b3d6872e02cc47ed]
F           [Paired and Unpaired Two Samples Tests about the Mean] [workshop 5 Q1] [2010-11-02 16:15:30] [61e5ee05de011f44efa37f086a4e2271] [Current]
Feedback Forum
2010-11-07 09:32:22 [48eb36e2c01435ad7e4ea7854a9d98fe] [reply] 
De student heeft hier verkeerdelijk gebruik gemaakt van een T-test voor unpaired gegevens. Uit de opgave kunnen we afleiden dat de gegevens wel degelijk paired zijn, omdat het om dezelfde studenten gaat voor en na de treatment. Een voorbeeld van de T-test voor paired gegevens is hier te vinden:
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Nov/01/t1288616900dyflx4ebar1wbv4.htm/

We zien een zeer kleine P- waarde (die kleiner is dan de alpha fout 0,05), dus mogen we aannemen dat we de nulhypothese kunnen verwerpen. Er is dus wel degelijk een significant verschil tussen het gemiddelde bij de post - test en het gemiddelde bij de pre - test. De E- treatment heeft dus wel degelijk effect.

De student heeft terecht opgemerkt dat we eerst moeten nagaan of we de T- test wel mogen gebruiken. Een eerste belangrijke voorwaarde is inderdaad het feit dat de varianties gelijk moeten zijn. Een tweede belangrijke voorwaarde is dat de centrale limietstelling van toepassing moet zijn. Om dit te bepalen moet er voldaan zijn aan een aantal voorwaarden, de belangrijkste is het feit dat het moet gaan om random trekkingen, en dat is hier het geval dus kunnen we concluderen dat de CLT van toepassing is. De belangrijkste voorwaarden zijn vervuld en we mogen dus inderdaad de T- test gebruiken.
2010-11-11 11:34:17 [00c625c7d009d84797af914265b614f9] [reply] 
Correct voorbeeld:
http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Nov/01/t1288616900dyflx4ebar1wbv4.htm/
Als we mean1 en mean2 vergelijken zien wa dat mean2 duidelijk groter is. We zien dat de p-waarde dicht bij 0 ligt, dus de kans da we ons vergissen bij het verwerpen van de nulhypothese is zeer klein. Tenslotte zien we dat 0 niet in het betrouwbaarheidsinterval [-0.558217819444907,-0.169054907827820] ligt. We mogen de nulhypothese dus verwerpen en concluderen dat deze treatment weldegelijk een resultaat heeft.

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Dataset

Dataseries X:
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Tables (Output of Computation)





Summary of computational transaction
Raw Inputview raw input (R code)
Raw Outputview raw output of R engine
Computing time2 seconds
R Server'Gwilym Jenkins' @ 72.249.127.135

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Summary of computational transaction \tabularnewline
Raw Input & view raw input (R code)  \tabularnewline
Raw Output & view raw output of R engine  \tabularnewline
Computing time & 2 seconds \tabularnewline
R Server & 'Gwilym Jenkins' @ 72.249.127.135 \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=91788&T=0

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Summary of computational transaction[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Raw Input[/C][C]view raw input (R code) [/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Raw Output[/C][C]view raw output of R engine [/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Computing time[/C][C]2 seconds[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]R Server[/C][C]'Gwilym Jenkins' @ 72.249.127.135[/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=91788&T=0

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=91788&T=0

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:  
QR Code


The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Summary of computational transaction
Raw Inputview raw input (R code)
Raw Outputview raw output of R engine
Computing time2 seconds
R Server'Gwilym Jenkins' @ 72.249.127.135






Two Sample t-test (unpaired)
Mean of Sample 10.393939393939394
Mean of Sample 20.757575757575758
t-stat-3.16502627229978
df64
p-value0.00237413416331207
H0 value0
Alternativetwo.sided
CI Level0.95
CI[-0.593159623326958,-0.134113103945769]
F-test to compare two variances
F-stat1.3
df32
p-value0.462180712842677
H0 value1
Alternativetwo.sided
CI Level0.95
CI[0.642054974596472,2.63217336032971]

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Two Sample t-test (unpaired) \tabularnewline
Mean of Sample 1 & 0.393939393939394 \tabularnewline
Mean of Sample 2 & 0.757575757575758 \tabularnewline
t-stat & -3.16502627229978 \tabularnewline
df & 64 \tabularnewline
p-value & 0.00237413416331207 \tabularnewline
H0 value & 0 \tabularnewline
Alternative & two.sided \tabularnewline
CI Level & 0.95 \tabularnewline
CI & [-0.593159623326958,-0.134113103945769] \tabularnewline
F-test to compare two variances \tabularnewline
F-stat & 1.3 \tabularnewline
df & 32 \tabularnewline
p-value & 0.462180712842677 \tabularnewline
H0 value & 1 \tabularnewline
Alternative & two.sided \tabularnewline
CI Level & 0.95 \tabularnewline
CI & [0.642054974596472,2.63217336032971] \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=91788&T=1

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Two Sample t-test (unpaired)[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Mean of Sample 1[/C][C]0.393939393939394[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Mean of Sample 2[/C][C]0.757575757575758[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]t-stat[/C][C]-3.16502627229978[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]df[/C][C]64[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]p-value[/C][C]0.00237413416331207[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]H0 value[/C][C]0[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Alternative[/C][C]two.sided[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]CI Level[/C][C]0.95[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]CI[/C][C][-0.593159623326958,-0.134113103945769][/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]F-test to compare two variances[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]F-stat[/C][C]1.3[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]df[/C][C]32[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]p-value[/C][C]0.462180712842677[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]H0 value[/C][C]1[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Alternative[/C][C]two.sided[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]CI Level[/C][C]0.95[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]CI[/C][C][0.642054974596472,2.63217336032971][/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=91788&T=1

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=91788&T=1

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:  
QR Code


The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Two Sample t-test (unpaired)
Mean of Sample 10.393939393939394
Mean of Sample 20.757575757575758
t-stat-3.16502627229978
df64
p-value0.00237413416331207
H0 value0
Alternativetwo.sided
CI Level0.95
CI[-0.593159623326958,-0.134113103945769]
F-test to compare two variances
F-stat1.3
df32
p-value0.462180712842677
H0 value1
Alternativetwo.sided
CI Level0.95
CI[0.642054974596472,2.63217336032971]






Welch Two Sample t-test (unpaired)
Mean of Sample 10.393939393939394
Mean of Sample 20.757575757575758
t-stat-3.16502627229978
df62.9293680297398
p-value0.00238983571755029
H0 value0
Alternativetwo.sided
CI Level0.95
CI[-0.59323485286005,-0.134037874412677]

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Welch Two Sample t-test (unpaired) \tabularnewline
Mean of Sample 1 & 0.393939393939394 \tabularnewline
Mean of Sample 2 & 0.757575757575758 \tabularnewline
t-stat & -3.16502627229978 \tabularnewline
df & 62.9293680297398 \tabularnewline
p-value & 0.00238983571755029 \tabularnewline
H0 value & 0 \tabularnewline
Alternative & two.sided \tabularnewline
CI Level & 0.95 \tabularnewline
CI & [-0.59323485286005,-0.134037874412677] \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=91788&T=2

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Welch Two Sample t-test (unpaired)[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Mean of Sample 1[/C][C]0.393939393939394[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Mean of Sample 2[/C][C]0.757575757575758[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]t-stat[/C][C]-3.16502627229978[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]df[/C][C]62.9293680297398[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]p-value[/C][C]0.00238983571755029[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]H0 value[/C][C]0[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Alternative[/C][C]two.sided[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]CI Level[/C][C]0.95[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]CI[/C][C][-0.59323485286005,-0.134037874412677][/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=91788&T=2

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=91788&T=2

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:  
QR Code


The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Welch Two Sample t-test (unpaired)
Mean of Sample 10.393939393939394
Mean of Sample 20.757575757575758
t-stat-3.16502627229978
df62.9293680297398
p-value0.00238983571755029
H0 value0
Alternativetwo.sided
CI Level0.95
CI[-0.59323485286005,-0.134037874412677]






Wicoxon rank sum test with continuity correction (unpaired)
W346.5
p-value0.00309157689817328
H0 value0
Alternativetwo.sided
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to compare Distributions of two Samples
KS Statistic0.363636363636364
p-value0.025463957781115
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to compare Distributional Shape of two Samples
KS Statistic0.393939393939394
p-value0.0119375646999563

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Wicoxon rank sum test with continuity correction (unpaired) \tabularnewline
W & 346.5 \tabularnewline
p-value & 0.00309157689817328 \tabularnewline
H0 value & 0 \tabularnewline
Alternative & two.sided \tabularnewline
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to compare Distributions of two Samples \tabularnewline
KS Statistic & 0.363636363636364 \tabularnewline
p-value & 0.025463957781115 \tabularnewline
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to compare Distributional Shape of two Samples \tabularnewline
KS Statistic & 0.393939393939394 \tabularnewline
p-value & 0.0119375646999563 \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=91788&T=3

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Wicoxon rank sum test with continuity correction (unpaired)[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]W[/C][C]346.5[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]p-value[/C][C]0.00309157689817328[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]H0 value[/C][C]0[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Alternative[/C][C]two.sided[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to compare Distributions of two Samples[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]KS Statistic[/C][C]0.363636363636364[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]p-value[/C][C]0.025463957781115[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to compare Distributional Shape of two Samples[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]KS Statistic[/C][C]0.393939393939394[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]p-value[/C][C]0.0119375646999563[/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=91788&T=3

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=91788&T=3

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:  
QR Code


The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Wicoxon rank sum test with continuity correction (unpaired)
W346.5
p-value0.00309157689817328
H0 value0
Alternativetwo.sided
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to compare Distributions of two Samples
KS Statistic0.363636363636364
p-value0.025463957781115
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to compare Distributional Shape of two Samples
KS Statistic0.393939393939394
p-value0.0119375646999563


Figures (Output of Computation)

Input Parameters & R Code

Parameters (Session):
par1 = 1 ; par2 = 2 ; par3 = 0.95 ; par4 = two.sided ; par5 = unpaired ; par6 = 0.0 ;
Parameters (R input):
par1 = 1 ; par2 = 2 ; par3 = 0.95 ; par4 = two.sided ; par5 = unpaired ; par6 = 0.0 ;
R code (references can be found in the software module):
par1 <- as.numeric(par1) #column number of first sample
par2 <- as.numeric(par2) #column number of second sample
par3 <- as.numeric(par3) #confidence (= 1 - alpha)
if (par5 == 'unpaired') paired <- FALSE else paired <- TRUE
par6 <- as.numeric(par6) #H0
z <- t(y)
if (par1 == par2) stop('Please, select two different column numbers')
if (par1 < 1) stop('Please, select a column number greater than zero for the first sample')
if (par2 < 1) stop('Please, select a column number greater than zero for the second sample')
if (par1 > length(z[1,])) stop('The column number for the first sample should be smaller')
if (par2 > length(z[1,])) stop('The column number for the second sample should be smaller')
if (par3 <= 0) stop('The confidence level should be larger than zero')
if (par3 >= 1) stop('The confidence level should be smaller than zero')
(r.t <- t.test(z[,par1],z[,par2],var.equal=TRUE,alternative=par4,paired=paired,mu=par6,conf.level=par3))
(v.t <- var.test(z[,par1],z[,par2],conf.level=par3))
(r.w <- t.test(z[,par1],z[,par2],var.equal=FALSE,alternative=par4,paired=paired,mu=par6,conf.level=par3))
(w.t <- wilcox.test(z[,par1],z[,par2],alternative=par4,paired=paired,mu=par6,conf.level=par3))
(ks.t <- ks.test(z[,par1],z[,par2],alternative=par4))
m1 <- mean(z[,par1],na.rm=T)
m2 <- mean(z[,par2],na.rm=T)
mdiff <- m1 - m2
newsam1 <- z[!is.na(z[,par1]),par1]
newsam2 <- z[,par2]+mdiff
newsam2 <- newsam2[!is.na(newsam2)]
(ks1.t <- ks.test(newsam1,newsam2,alternative=par4))
mydf <- data.frame(cbind(z[,par1],z[,par2]))
colnames(mydf) <- c('Variable 1','Variable 2')
bitmap(file='test1.png')
boxplot(mydf, notch=TRUE, ylab='value',main=main)
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test2.png')
qqnorm(z[,par1],main='Normal QQplot - Variable 1')
qqline(z[,par1])
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test3.png')
qqnorm(z[,par2],main='Normal QQplot - Variable 2')
qqline(z[,par2])
dev.off()
load(file='createtable')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,paste('Two Sample t-test (',par5,')',sep=''),2,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
if(!paired){
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Mean of Sample 1',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.t$estimate[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Mean of Sample 2',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.t$estimate[[2]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
} else {
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Difference: Mean1 - Mean2',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.t$estimate)
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'t-stat',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.t$statistic[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'df',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.t$parameter[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'p-value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.t$p.value)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'H0 value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.t$null.value[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Alternative',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.t$alternative)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'CI Level',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,attr(r.t$conf.int,'conf.level'))
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'CI',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,paste('[',r.t$conf.int[1],',',r.t$conf.int[2],']',sep=''))
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'F-test to compare two variances',2,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'F-stat',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,v.t$statistic[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'df',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,v.t$parameter[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'p-value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,v.t$p.value)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'H0 value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,v.t$null.value[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Alternative',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,v.t$alternative)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'CI Level',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,attr(v.t$conf.int,'conf.level'))
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'CI',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,paste('[',v.t$conf.int[1],',',v.t$conf.int[2],']',sep=''))
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable.tab')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,paste('Welch Two Sample t-test (',par5,')',sep=''),2,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
if(!paired){
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Mean of Sample 1',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.w$estimate[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Mean of Sample 2',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.w$estimate[[2]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
} else {
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Difference: Mean1 - Mean2',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.w$estimate)
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'t-stat',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.w$statistic[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'df',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.w$parameter[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'p-value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.w$p.value)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'H0 value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.w$null.value[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Alternative',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,r.w$alternative)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'CI Level',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,attr(r.w$conf.int,'conf.level'))
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'CI',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,paste('[',r.w$conf.int[1],',',r.w$conf.int[2],']',sep=''))
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable1.tab')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,paste('Wicoxon rank sum test with continuity correction (',par5,')',sep=''),2,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'W',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,w.t$statistic[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'p-value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,w.t$p.value)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'H0 value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,w.t$null.value[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Alternative',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,w.t$alternative)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to compare Distributions of two Samples',2,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'KS Statistic',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,ks.t$statistic[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'p-value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,ks.t$p.value)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to compare Distributional Shape of two Samples',2,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'KS Statistic',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,ks1.t$statistic[[1]])
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'p-value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,ks1.t$p.value)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable2.tab')