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Description of Statistical Computation

Author's title

Author*The author of this computation has been verified*
R Software Modulerwasp_chi_squared_tests.wasp
Title produced by softwareChi-Squared and McNemar Tests
Date of computationFri, 12 Nov 2010 15:21:21 +0000
Cite this page as followsStatistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?v=date/2010/Nov/12/t1289575190fs05klt9g5n32vj.htm/, Retrieved Tue, 30 Apr 2024 18:57:59 +0000
Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94205, Retrieved Tue, 30 Apr 2024 18:57:59 +0000
QR Codes:

Original text written by user:
IsPrivate?No (this computation is public)
User-defined keywords
Estimated Impact110

Tree of Dependent Computations

Family? (F = Feedback message, R = changed R code, M = changed R Module, P = changed Parameters, D = changed Data)
-     [] [WS 6 Connected vs...] [-0001-11-30 00:00:00] [8081b8996d5947580de3eb171e82db4f]
F RMPD    [Chi-Squared and McNemar Tests] [WS 6 Depression v...] [2010-11-12 15:21:21] [4d0f7ea43b071af5c75b527ee1ef14c2] [Current]
Feedback Forum
2010-11-21 08:03:22 [48eb36e2c01435ad7e4ea7854a9d98fe] [reply] 
De student heeft hier gebruik gemaakt van de correcte softwaremodule; de cell count is hier groter dan 5, dus mag men de bekomen resultaten interpreteren.
De student heeft vervolgens de bijhorende P waarde correct geinterpreteerd en we kunnen stellen dat er geen verband is tussen Connected en Depression.

Echter wanneer we ons niet baseren op de 2 reeksen high en low, maar op de 4 reeksen A,B,C en D die ook opgenomen werden in het excel bestand, zien we andere resultaten. Aangezien de minimum cell count van 5 in dit geval niet steeds wordt bereikt, dienen we gebruik te maken van 'Pearson's Chi-squared test with simulated p-value'. Een voorbeeld is hier te vinden: http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Nov/16/t1289918417bny8q8pphln7ypv.htm/

In dit geval zien we een kleine P waarde, namelijk 0,02. Dit betekent dat we de nulhypothese verwerpen en dus aannemen dat er wel een verband bestaat tussen Connected en Depression. Daarom baseren we ons vervolgens op de 'associatie plot'. Deze grafische voorstelling leert ons dat er een negatief verband bestaat tussen beiden.

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Dataset

Dataseries X:
Download CSV
Histogram
Boxplots 
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'LO'	'LO'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'LO'	'LO'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'LO'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'LO'	'LO'
'LO'	'HI'
'HI'	'LO'
'HI'	'HI'

Tables (Output of Computation)





Summary of computational transaction
Raw Inputview raw input (R code)
Raw Outputview raw output of R engine
Computing time2 seconds
R Server'Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher' @ 193.190.124.24

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Summary of computational transaction \tabularnewline
Raw Input & view raw input (R code)  \tabularnewline
Raw Output & view raw output of R engine  \tabularnewline
Computing time & 2 seconds \tabularnewline
R Server & 'Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher' @ 193.190.124.24 \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94205&T=0

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Summary of computational transaction[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Raw Input[/C][C]view raw input (R code) [/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Raw Output[/C][C]view raw output of R engine [/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Computing time[/C][C]2 seconds[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]R Server[/C][C]'Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher' @ 193.190.124.24[/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94205&T=0

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94205&T=0

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:  
QR Code


The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Summary of computational transaction
Raw Inputview raw input (R code)
Raw Outputview raw output of R engine
Computing time2 seconds
R Server'Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher' @ 193.190.124.24






Tabulation of Results
Depr x Con
HILO
HI5743
LO4022

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Tabulation of Results \tabularnewline
Depr  x  Con \tabularnewline
  & HI & LO \tabularnewline
HI & 57 & 43 \tabularnewline
LO & 40 & 22 \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94205&T=1

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Tabulation of Results[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Depr  x  Con[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C] [/C][C]HI[/C][C]LO[/C][/ROW]
[C]HI[/C][C]57[/C][C]43[/C][/ROW]
[C]LO[/C][C]40[/C][C]22[/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94205&T=1

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94205&T=1

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:  
QR Code


The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Tabulation of Results
Depr x Con
HILO
HI5743
LO4022






Tabulation of Expected Results
Depr x Con
HILO
HI59.8840.12
LO37.1224.88

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Tabulation of Expected Results \tabularnewline
Depr  x  Con \tabularnewline
  & HI & LO \tabularnewline
HI & 59.88 & 40.12 \tabularnewline
LO & 37.12 & 24.88 \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94205&T=2

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Tabulation of Expected Results[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Depr  x  Con[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C] [/C][C]HI[/C][C]LO[/C][/ROW]
[C]HI[/C][C]59.88[/C][C]40.12[/C][/ROW]
[C]LO[/C][C]37.12[/C][C]24.88[/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94205&T=2

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94205&T=2

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:  
QR Code


The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Tabulation of Expected Results
Depr x Con
HILO
HI59.8840.12
LO37.1224.88






Statistical Results
Pearson's Chi-squared test with Yates' continuity correction
Chi Square Statistic0.61
Degrees of Freedom1
P value0.43

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Statistical Results \tabularnewline
Pearson's Chi-squared test with Yates' continuity correction \tabularnewline
Chi Square Statistic & 0.61 \tabularnewline
Degrees of Freedom & 1 \tabularnewline
P value & 0.43 \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94205&T=3

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Statistical Results[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Pearson's Chi-squared test with Yates' continuity correction[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Chi Square Statistic[/C][C]0.61[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Degrees of Freedom[/C][C]1[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]P value[/C][C]0.43[/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94205&T=3

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94205&T=3

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:  
QR Code


The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Statistical Results
Pearson's Chi-squared test with Yates' continuity correction
Chi Square Statistic0.61
Degrees of Freedom1
P value0.43


Figures (Output of Computation)

Input Parameters & R Code

Parameters (Session):
par1 = 1 ; par2 = 2 ; par3 = Pearson Chi-Squared ;
Parameters (R input):
par1 = 1 ; par2 = 2 ; par3 = Pearson Chi-Squared ;
R code (references can be found in the software module):
library(vcd)
cat1 <- as.numeric(par1) #
cat2<- as.numeric(par2) #
simulate.p.value=FALSE
if (par3 == 'Exact Pearson Chi-Squared by Simulation') simulate.p.value=TRUE
x <- t(x)
(z <- array(unlist(x),dim=c(length(x[,1]),length(x[1,]))))
(table1 <- table(z[,cat1],z[,cat2]))
(V1<-dimnames(y)[[1]][cat1])
(V2<-dimnames(y)[[1]][cat2])
bitmap(file='pic1.png')
assoc(ftable(z[,cat1],z[,cat2],row.vars=1,dnn=c(V1,V2)),shade=T)
dev.off()
load(file='createtable')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Tabulation of Results',ncol(table1)+1,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,paste(V1,' x ', V2),ncol(table1)+1,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, ' ', 1,TRUE)
for(nc in 1:ncol(table1)){
a<-table.element(a, colnames(table1)[nc], 1, TRUE)
}
a<-table.row.end(a)
for(nr in 1:nrow(table1) ){
a<-table.element(a, rownames(table1)[nr], 1, TRUE)
for(nc in 1:ncol(table1) ){
a<-table.element(a, table1[nr, nc], 1, FALSE)
}
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable.tab')
(cst<-chisq.test(table1, simulate.p.value=simulate.p.value) )
if (par3 == 'McNemar Chi-Squared') {
(cst <- mcnemar.test(table1))
}
if (par3 != 'McNemar Chi-Squared') {
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Tabulation of Expected Results',ncol(table1)+1,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,paste(V1,' x ', V2),ncol(table1)+1,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, ' ', 1,TRUE)
for(nc in 1:ncol(table1)){
a<-table.element(a, colnames(table1)[nc], 1, TRUE)
}
a<-table.row.end(a)
for(nr in 1:nrow(table1) ){
a<-table.element(a, rownames(table1)[nr], 1, TRUE)
for(nc in 1:ncol(table1) ){
a<-table.element(a, round(cst$expected[nr, nc], digits=2), 1, FALSE)
}
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable1.tab')
}
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Statistical Results',2,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, cst$method, 2,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Chi Square Statistic', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, round(cst$statistic, digits=2), 1,FALSE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
if(!simulate.p.value){
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Degrees of Freedom', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, cst$parameter, 1,FALSE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'P value', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, round(cst$p.value, digits=2), 1,FALSE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable2.tab')