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Author's title

Author

*The author of this computation has been verified*

R Software Module

rwasp_chi_squared_tests.wasp

Title produced by software

Chi-Squared and McNemar Tests

Date of computation

Mon, 15 Nov 2010 14:10:11 +0000

Cite this page as follows

Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?v=date/2010/Nov/15/t1289830145mokgdna1jav7dez.htm/, Retrieved Sat, 27 Apr 2024 16:04:07 +0000

Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94846, Retrieved Sat, 27 Apr 2024 16:04:07 +0000

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IsPrivate?

No (this computation is public)

User-defined keywords

Estimated Impact

206

Family? (F = Feedback message, R = changed R code, M = changed R Module, P = changed Parameters, D = changed Data)

-     [ECEL 2008] [ECEL2008 hypothes...] [2008-06-14 21:17:24] [74be16979710d4c4e7c6647856088456]
F RMPD  [Chi-Squared and McNemar Tests] [Happiness versus ...] [2010-11-11 11:54:28] [6bc4f9343b7ea3ef5a59412d1f72bb2b]
-         [Chi-Squared and McNemar Tests] [Q1 Happiness vs. ...] [2010-11-14 21:13:30] [2843717cd92615903379c14ebee3c5df]
F   P       [Chi-Squared and McNemar Tests] [Chi-Squared Tests...] [2010-11-15 10:22:14] [6ca0fc48dd5333d51a15728999009c83]
F   P           [Chi-Squared and McNemar Tests] [Chi-Squared Tests...] [2010-11-15 14:10:11] [b4ba846736d082ffaee409a197f454c7] [Current]

Feedback Forum

2010-11-23 15:48:29 [411b43619fc9db329bbcdbf7261c55fb] [reply] 
Hier heeft de student de juiste berekening gemaakt voor de verfijnde oplossing. Dit komt doordat er hier geen cell count is met een waarde lager dan 5. Bijgevolg kan je (maar moet je niet) gebruik maken van de “Pearson Chi-squared test “. Ook hier blijft de auteur weer zeer beperkt bij zijn conclusie. Als we hier kijken naar de p-waarde (tabel “Statistical Results”) dan zien we dat deze veel hoger is dan de vooropgestelde type 1 fout (5%), namelijk 90%. Bijgevolg is er hier geen verband tussen de reële en verwachte waarde.  
 
Ter controle, gaan we ook nog even de vergelijking maken op basis van de groffe indeling HI/LO. (bekijk http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?v=date/2010/Nov/20/t1290248468x7dhj4ijb5wtopl.htm/ berekening met “Pearson Chi-squared test”) Als we hier kijken naar de p-waarde (tabel “Statiscal Results”) dan zien we dat deze nog hoger ligt dan de vooropgestelde type 1 fout (5%), namelijk 99%. Bijgevolg kunnen we met vrij grote zekerheid stellen dat de vastgestelde verschillen hier volledig  

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Boxplots

'A'	'A'	'B'	'B'
'A'	'C'	'A'	'C'
'D'	'B'	'D'	'A'
'D'	'C'	'D'	'B'
'B'	'A'	'A'	'A'
'B'	'D'	'A'	'B'
'A'	'D'	'B'	'A'
'B'	'B'	'B'	'C'
'B'	'B'	'B'	'D'
'A'	'A'	'B'	'B'
'A'	'D'	'A'	'D'
'B'	'B'	'A'	'D'
'A'	'B'	'D'	'A'
'A'	'A'	'A'	'A'
'C'	'A'	'A'	'D'
'C'	'C'	'B'	'A'
'B'	'C'	'B'	'A'
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'A'	'A'	'B'	'D'
'C'	'C'	'A'	'B'
'C'	'C'	'A'	'D'
'D'	'D'	'D'	'A'
'A'	'A'	'B'	'B'
'A'	'A'	'D'	'A'
'A'	'C'	'A'	'C'
'A'	'C'	'D'	'D'
'B'	'B'	'A'	'C'
'C'	'A'	'B'	'A'
'C'	'C'	'B'	'A'
'B'	'C'	'D'	'B'
'D'	'D'	'A'	'D'
'D'	'C'	'C'	'A'
'A'	'D'	'A'	'D'
'B'	'A'	'B'	'C'
'B'	'D'	'B'	'B'
'C'	'C'	'A'	'D'
'D'	'D'	'D'	'A'
'B'	'C'	'B'	'B'
'D'	'D'	'A'	'D'
'B'	'C'	'C'	'D'
'A'	'C'	'B'	'D'
'B'	'C'	'A'	'A'
'A'	'C'	'A'	'D'
'B'	'C'	'D'	'A'
'A'	'D'	'D'	'C'
'A'	'B'	'D'	'B'
'A'	'A'	'B'	'D'
'C'	'B'	'B'	'C'
'B'	'A'	'A'	'A'
'A'	'C'	'C'	'C'
'C'	'A'	'A'	'D'
'C'	'D'	'B'	'A'
'C'	'C'	'D'	'A'
'B'	'A'	'D'	'A'
'C'	'C'	'D'	'C'
'A'	'C'	'B'	'B'
'A'	'B'	'A'	'B'
'D'	'B'	'B'	'D'
'A'	'B'	'D'	'D'
'B'	'B'	'D'	'A'
'D'	'D'	'D'	'A'
'A'	'B'	'C'	'B'
'B'	'B'	'D'	'B'
'D'	'B'	'B'	'A'
'B'	'D'	'B'	'B'
'B'	'A'	'D'	'C'
'B'	'B'	'D'	'A'
'D'	'D'	'D'	'B'
'A'	'A'	'B'	'B'
'B'	'A'	'B'	'A'
'A'	'B'	'B'	'B'
'D'	'A'	'A'	'A'
'B'	'A'	'B'	'B'
'A'	'A'	'B'	'D'
'B'	'D'	'C'	'C'
'A'	'D'	'D'	'A'
'A'	'A'	'A'	'B'
'B'	'D'	'C'	'A'
'D'	'D'	'B'	'B'
'A'	'D'	'C'	'D'
'C'	'B'	'B'	'C'
'A'	'A'	'A'	'D'
'B'	'A'	'B'	'D'
'A'	'C'	'A'	'B'
'C'	'B'	'B'	'B'
'C'	'D'	'B'	'B'
'A'	'A'	'B'	'B'
'C'	'B'	'B'	'B'
'D'	'C'	'C'	'A'
'C'	'C'	'D'	'A'
'D'	'B'	'A'	'B'
'B'	'C'	'C'	'A'
'B'	'A'	'B'	'B'
'C'	'D'	'B'	'A'
'D'	'D'	'C'	'D'
'A'	'B'	'A'	'C'
'A'	'B'	'D'	'A'
'B'	'D'	'B'	'C'
'A'	'B'	'A'	'C'
'C'	'B'	'B'	'D'
'A'	'B'	'A'	'D'
'A'	'B'	'D'	'A'
'B'	'A'	'A'	'B'
'C'	'D'	'D'	'C'
'C'	'A'	'B'	'A'
'A'	'C'	'D'	'A'
'A'	'B'	'A'	'C'
'A'	'A'	'B'	'A'
'B'	'B'	'D'	'A'
'A'	'A'	'D'	'A'
'D'	'B'	'B'	'A'
'D'	'C'	'D'	'A'
'C'	'A'	'C'	'C'
'C'	'C'	'B'	'A'
'A'	'B'	'A'	'B'
'A'	'C'	'A'	'D'
'C'	'A'	'B'	'A'
'B'	'A'	'B'	'B'
'C'	'B'	'B'	'D'
'A'	'B'	'B'	'A'
'C'	'A'	'D'	'A'
'D'	'D'	'B'	'A'
'A'	'A'	'B'	'C'
'A'	'A'	'B'	'D'
'C'	'D'	'B'	'C'
'D'	'C'	'C'	'C'
'A'	'C'	'A'	'D'
'A'	'A'	'A'	'D'
'C'	'B'	'A'	'C'
'B'	'C'	'B'	'B'
'C'	'C'	'C'	'C'
'D'	'C'	'D'	'A'
'A'	'A'	'B'	'D'
'D'	'D'	'B'	'A'
'A'	'A'	'B'	'B'
'C'	'D'	'A'	'A'
'D'	'D'	'D'	'A'
'B'	'B'	'B'	'A'
'D'	'B'	'D'	'A'
'B'	'B'	'B'	'C'
'D'	'B'	'C'	'B'
'C'	'B'	'B'	'D'
'D'	'B'	'A'	'A'
'D'	'B'	'B'	'B'
'D'	'D'	'B'	'B'
'A'	'D'	'A'	'C'
'C'	'D'	'A'	'B'
'B'	'B'	'D'	'B'
'C'	'D'	'D'	'C'
'B'	'C'	'D'	'A'
'A'	'A'	'A'	'B'
'A'	'A'	'C'	'A'
'B'	'A'	'A'	'D'
'B'	'A'	'D'	'B'
'B'	'B'	'D'	'A'
'C'	'D'	'C'	'A'
'B'	'C'	'C'	'A'
'C'	'A'	'B'	'A'
'C'	'B'	'A'	'C'
'B'	'C'	'C'	'D'
'C'	'B'	'D'	'A'
'B'	'B'	'C'	'A'

Summary of computational transaction
Raw Input	view raw input (R code)
Raw Output	view raw output of R engine
Computing time	2 seconds
R Server	'George Udny Yule' @ 72.249.76.132

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Summary of computational transaction \tabularnewline
Raw Input & view raw input (R code)  \tabularnewline
Raw Output & view raw output of R engine  \tabularnewline
Computing time & 2 seconds \tabularnewline
R Server & 'George Udny Yule' @ 72.249.76.132 \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94846&T=0

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Summary of computational transaction[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Raw Input[/C][C]view raw input (R code) [/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Raw Output[/C][C]view raw output of R engine [/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Computing time[/C][C]2 seconds[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]R Server[/C][C]'George Udny Yule' @ 72.249.76.132[/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94846&T=0

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94846&T=0

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:

The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Summary of computational transaction
Raw Input	view raw input (R code)
Raw Output	view raw output of R engine
Computing time	2 seconds
R Server	'George Udny Yule' @ 72.249.76.132

Tabulation of Results
Depression x Separate
	A	B	C	D
A	15	16	16	13
B	13	12	7	8
C	5	10	6	7
D	11	8	9	6

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Tabulation of Results \tabularnewline
Depression  x  Separate \tabularnewline
  & A & B & C & D \tabularnewline
A & 15 & 16 & 16 & 13 \tabularnewline
B & 13 & 12 & 7 & 8 \tabularnewline
C & 5 & 10 & 6 & 7 \tabularnewline
D & 11 & 8 & 9 & 6 \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94846&T=1

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Tabulation of Results[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Depression  x  Separate[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C] [/C][C]A[/C][C]B[/C][C]C[/C][C]D[/C][/ROW]
[C]A[/C][C]15[/C][C]16[/C][C]16[/C][C]13[/C][/ROW]
[C]B[/C][C]13[/C][C]12[/C][C]7[/C][C]8[/C][/ROW]
[C]C[/C][C]5[/C][C]10[/C][C]6[/C][C]7[/C][/ROW]
[C]D[/C][C]11[/C][C]8[/C][C]9[/C][C]6[/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94846&T=1

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94846&T=1

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:

The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Tabulation of Results
Depression x Separate
	A	B	C	D
A	15	16	16	13
B	13	12	7	8
C	5	10	6	7
D	11	8	9	6

Tabulation of Expected Results
Depression x Separate
	A	B	C	D
A	16.3	17.04	14.07	12.59
B	10.86	11.36	9.38	8.4
C	7.6	7.95	6.57	5.88
D	9.23	9.65	7.98	7.14

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Tabulation of Expected Results \tabularnewline
Depression  x  Separate \tabularnewline
  & A & B & C & D \tabularnewline
A & 16.3 & 17.04 & 14.07 & 12.59 \tabularnewline
B & 10.86 & 11.36 & 9.38 & 8.4 \tabularnewline
C & 7.6 & 7.95 & 6.57 & 5.88 \tabularnewline
D & 9.23 & 9.65 & 7.98 & 7.14 \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94846&T=2

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Tabulation of Expected Results[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Depression  x  Separate[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C] [/C][C]A[/C][C]B[/C][C]C[/C][C]D[/C][/ROW]
[C]A[/C][C]16.3[/C][C]17.04[/C][C]14.07[/C][C]12.59[/C][/ROW]
[C]B[/C][C]10.86[/C][C]11.36[/C][C]9.38[/C][C]8.4[/C][/ROW]
[C]C[/C][C]7.6[/C][C]7.95[/C][C]6.57[/C][C]5.88[/C][/ROW]
[C]D[/C][C]9.23[/C][C]9.65[/C][C]7.98[/C][C]7.14[/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94846&T=2

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94846&T=2

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:

The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Tabulation of Expected Results
Depression x Separate
	A	B	C	D
A	16.3	17.04	14.07	12.59
B	10.86	11.36	9.38	8.4
C	7.6	7.95	6.57	5.88
D	9.23	9.65	7.98	7.14

Statistical Results
Pearson's Chi-squared test
Chi Square Statistic	4.14
Degrees of Freedom	9
P value	0.9

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Statistical Results \tabularnewline
Pearson's Chi-squared test \tabularnewline
Chi Square Statistic & 4.14 \tabularnewline
Degrees of Freedom & 9 \tabularnewline
P value & 0.9 \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94846&T=3

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Statistical Results[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Pearson's Chi-squared test[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Chi Square Statistic[/C][C]4.14[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Degrees of Freedom[/C][C]9[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]P value[/C][C]0.9[/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94846&T=3

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=94846&T=3

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:

The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Statistical Results
Pearson's Chi-squared test
Chi Square Statistic	4.14
Degrees of Freedom	9
P value	0.9

Figure 1

PNG link

Postscript link

PDF link

Parameters (Session):

par1 = 4 ; par2 = 2 ; par3 = Pearson Chi-Squared ;

Parameters (R input):

par1 = 4 ; par2 = 2 ; par3 = Pearson Chi-Squared ;

R code (references can be found in the software module):

library(vcd)
cat1 <- as.numeric(par1) #
cat2<- as.numeric(par2) #
simulate.p.value=FALSE
if (par3 == 'Exact Pearson Chi-Squared by Simulation') simulate.p.value=TRUE
x <- t(x)
(z <- array(unlist(x),dim=c(length(x[,1]),length(x[1,]))))
(table1 <- table(z[,cat1],z[,cat2]))
(V1<-dimnames(y)[[1]][cat1])
(V2<-dimnames(y)[[1]][cat2])
bitmap(file='pic1.png')
assoc(ftable(z[,cat1],z[,cat2],row.vars=1,dnn=c(V1,V2)),shade=T)
dev.off()
load(file='createtable')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Tabulation of Results',ncol(table1)+1,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,paste(V1,' x ', V2),ncol(table1)+1,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, ' ', 1,TRUE)
for(nc in 1:ncol(table1)){
a<-table.element(a, colnames(table1)[nc], 1, TRUE)
}
a<-table.row.end(a)
for(nr in 1:nrow(table1) ){
a<-table.element(a, rownames(table1)[nr], 1, TRUE)
for(nc in 1:ncol(table1) ){
a<-table.element(a, table1[nr, nc], 1, FALSE)
}
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable.tab')
(cst<-chisq.test(table1, simulate.p.value=simulate.p.value) )
if (par3 == 'McNemar Chi-Squared') {
(cst <- mcnemar.test(table1))
}
if (par3 != 'McNemar Chi-Squared') {
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Tabulation of Expected Results',ncol(table1)+1,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,paste(V1,' x ', V2),ncol(table1)+1,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, ' ', 1,TRUE)
for(nc in 1:ncol(table1)){
a<-table.element(a, colnames(table1)[nc], 1, TRUE)
}
a<-table.row.end(a)
for(nr in 1:nrow(table1) ){
a<-table.element(a, rownames(table1)[nr], 1, TRUE)
for(nc in 1:ncol(table1) ){
a<-table.element(a, round(cst$expected[nr, nc], digits=2), 1, FALSE)
}
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable1.tab')
}
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Statistical Results',2,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, cst$method, 2,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Chi Square Statistic', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, round(cst$statistic, digits=2), 1,FALSE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
if(!simulate.p.value){
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'Degrees of Freedom', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, cst$parameter, 1,FALSE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a, 'P value', 1, TRUE)
a<-table.element(a, round(cst$p.value, digits=2), 1,FALSE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable2.tab')

Free Statistics

Description of Statistical Computation

Tree of Dependent Computations

Dataset

Tables (Output of Computation)

Figures (Output of Computation)

Input Parameters & R Code